Tumour necrosis factor-α-inhibitor-induced neutrophilic folliculitis presenting with strong lesional expression of interleukin-36γ

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Depression- and anxiety-like behaviour is related to BDNF/TrkB signalling in a mouse model of psoriasis

Summary

Background

The prevalence of anxiety and depression is significantly higher in individuals with psoriasis than in the general population. Clinical data also show that anti-anxiety and antidepression drugs can reduce skin lesions in patients with psoriasis, but the actual mechanism is still poorly understood.

Aim

To investigate whether brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrKB) signalling plays a role in the mechanism underlying psoriasis with depression and anxiety behaviours.

Methods

Expression of BDNF and tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrKB) in the K5.Stat3C mouse, an animal model of psoriasis, were investigated by reverse transcription PCR and Western blotting. Anxiety-like behaviours in the elevated-plus maze test and changes in BDNF/TrkB that have been implicated in depression and anxiety behaviours were measured. Skin lesions induced by 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) were also measured when the mice were administered fluoxetine and K252a, an antagonist of TrkB.

Results

The antidepression and anti-anxiety drug fluoxetine reduced TPA-induced skin lesions and increased expression of BDNF and TrkB in K5.Stat3C mice. More importantly, the effects of fluoxetine were reversed by the TrkB antagonist K252a.

Conclusions

BDNF/TrkB signalling participates in the pathological mechanism of depression and anxiety behaviours in psoriasis. Our findings provide a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of skin lesions in psoriasis.

http://ift.tt/2CDfrGD

The incidence, mutational status, risk classification and referral pattern of gastro-intestinal stromal tumours in the Netherlands: a nationwide pathology registry (PALGA) study

Abstract

Symptomatic gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GIST) are infrequent with an incidence of 12.7 per million inhabitants in the western population. We studied whether the incidence of GIST has further increased between 2003 and 2012 and assessed the frequency of mutations, risk groups, histological subtypes and immunohistochemistry results. From PALGA, the nationwide Dutch Pathology Registry, pathology excerpts from all patients with a GIST or GIST-like tumour between 2003 and 2012 were retrieved to calculate incidence rates. Full pathology reports were retrieved of resections in 2011 and 2012 to study the frequency of mutations, risk groups, histological subtypes and immunohistochemistry results. The incidence of GIST increased to 17.7 per million inhabitants in 2012 with a median age of 67 years. Mutational analysis was performed in 33.9% of patients with a resection between 2011 and 2012 (KIT mutation 67.5%, PDGFRA 16.3%, wild-type 11.4%). The percentage of high risk patients in the different risk classifications varied from 19.9% to 38.0% depending on the used classification. Only 35.9% of patients had diagnosis or revision of pathology diagnosis within three months in a designated GIST referral centre. No increase in proportion of central pathology reviews was found. Proportion of patients with mutational analysis increased over the years. The registered incidence of GIST, 17.7 per million inhabitants in 2012 in the Netherlands, is still rising. Despite incorporation in the ESMO GIST guidelines since 2008 for mutational testing and since 2010 for central review of pathology, both are performed in a minority of patients.

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Short course of cyclosporin A as a treatment option for drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome: Case reports and review of the published work

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The assessment of Buerger’s exercise on dorsal foot skin circulation in patients with vasculopathic diabetic foot ulcer by using wireless near-infrared spectroscope: a cohort prospective study

Abstract

The improvement of peripheral circulation is crucial for the care of vasculopathic diabetic foot ulcer (DFU). Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was used to investigate the effects of Buerger's exercise on dorsal foot skin circulation with novel technique of measuring the absorption difference in wavelength of light between oxy-hemoglobin (HbO₂) and deoxy-hemoglobin (HbR). Patients with vasculopathic DFU who could tolerate Buerger's exercise three times a day at home for at least 8 weeks were enrolled (group A). They were divided into two subgroups: without previous percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) (group A1) vs. with previous PTA (group A2). Wireless NIRS were applied on patients' dorsal foot to assess the peripheral circulation in follow-up clinics. The patients' wound condition, follow-up time, and concentration of HbO₂ and total hemoglobin (HbT) before and after exercise rehabilitation program were documented. From May 2015 to February 2016, 14 patients with average age of 70.2 ± 11.2 were enrolled in this study (group A), including eight without previous PTA (group A1), and six with previous PTA (group A2). The concentration of HbO2 and HbT were significantly increased after exercise rehabilitation program training in group A (p = 0.024 in HbO₂, p = 0.02 in HbT, n = 14) and group A2 (p = 0.021 in HbO₂, p = 0.028 in HbT, n = 6), while the concentration in group A1 were improved with borderline significance after exercise (p = 0.055 in HbO₂, p = 0.058 in HbT, n = 8). The majority of the ulcers were either completely healed (11/14 = 78.57%) or improving (3/14 = 21.43%). Buerger's exercise improved the peripheral circulation and wound condition in patients with vasculopathic DFU. The wireless apparatus is a novel and efficient tool to monitor rehabilitation program.

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Clinical and immunohistochemical comparative study of the efficacy of carboxytherapy vs platelet-rich plasma in treatment of stretch marks

Summary

Background

Striae distensae are dermal scars with a linear atrophic depression. The exact origin of striae distensae remains unrevealed, but low expression of collagen and fibronectin genes in the affected tissue was found. Several treatment modalities have been proposed, yet no consistent modality is available.

Aim of the work

To evaluate and compare the efficacy and safety of carboxytherapy vs platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in treatment of stretch marks.

Patients and methods

This study included 20 patients with striae alba. Every patient received treatment in the form of PRP injection in their right side (group A) and carboxytherapy session in their left side (group B) every 3-4 weeks for 4 sessions. Skin biopsies were taken before and after treatment, and they were subjected to fibronectin immunohistochemical stain.

Results

There was a significant improvement in striae alba in both groups after than before treatment. There was no significant difference between both groups as regards either percentage of improvement, response (grading scale), or patient satisfaction. The fibronectin-stained area was significantly higher in both groups after than before treatment, and it was significantly higher after treatment in group (B) than group (A).

Conclusions

Both methods were safe and effective with minimal side effects. There was no significant difference between both methods of treatments. This was confirmed histopathologically by fibronectin expression which is found to be low in striae and increased significantly after treatment. But fibronectin expression was higher in group (B) than (A).

http://ift.tt/2mbcMgW

Filler migration and extensive lesions after lip augmentation: Adverse effects of polydimethylsiloxane filler

Summary

Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), also called liquid silicone, belongs to a group of polymeric compounds that are commonly referred to as silicones. These filling agents have been used as injectable filler for soft tissue augmentation. There are limited experiences about management of the severe complications related to filler migration associated with PDMS injection. We present a 35-year-old female with severe erythema, edema over her cheeks and neck, and multiple irregularities following cosmetic lip augmentation with PDMS. Further studies are required for management of this complicated case of PDMS injection.

http://ift.tt/2qFw4Qm

Protective effect of conditioner agents on hair treated with oxidative hair dye

Summary

Background

Hair coloring is broadly used by women and men either to change their natural hair color or to delay the onset of gray hair. Oxidative dyes may damage the hair, as chemical and physical processes are required to convert the fiber structure and, consequently, alterations in its mechanical and surface properties.

Objectives

The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of silanetriol (and) Panthenol, PEG-12 dimethicone, and hydrolyzed silk (and) hydrolyzed milk protein (and) lactose as conditioner agents on hair treated with oxidative hair dye by protein loss, combability, and breaking strength.

Methods

In this research, we analyzed the untreated hair (sample I) and the effect of oxidative hair dye emulsions, with or without conditioner agents (sample II) silanetriol (and) Panthenol (sample III), PEG-12 dimethicone (sample IV), and hydrolyzed silk (and) hydrolyzed milk protein (and) lactose (sample V) on Caucasian hair. The hair samples were submitted to protein loss quantification, breaking strength, and combing analysis.

Results

For protein loss, the results were: II^a = V^a > IV^b > III^c > I^d. For the breaking strength: I^e = II^e = III^e = IV^e = V^e. For the combing analysis for wet and dry hair, the results were, respectively: II^a > III^b = IV^b > V^c > I^d and II^A > III^b = V^b > IV ^c= I^c. Data classified by different letters presented statistically significant alterations, α = 5, P ≤ . 05, n = 15.

Conclusions

Based on these results, the incorporation of conditioner agents into emulsion blond color decreased the damage caused by the coloring process.

http://ift.tt/2mb7T7z

Thyroid Top-Read Articles of 2017

FREE ACCESS through January 16, 2018.
Read now:

Latest Impact Factor: 5.515
The Official Journal of: American Thyroid Association

The 2017 Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology
Edmund S. Cibas, Syed Z. Ali

Subclinical Hypothyroidism in Pregnancy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Spyridoula Maraka, Naykky M. Singh Ospina, Derek T. O'Keeffe, Ana E. Espinosa De Ycaza, Michael R. Gionfriddo, Patricia J. Erwin, Charles C. Coddington III, Marius N. Stan, M. Hassan Murad, Victor M. Montori 

Impact of the Multi-Gene ThyroSeq Next-Generation Sequencing Assay on Cancer Diagnosis in Thyroid Nodules with Atypia of Undetermined Significance/Follicular Lesion of Undetermined Significance Cytology
Yuri E. Nikiforov, Sally E. Carty, Simon I. Chiosea, Christopher Coyne, Umamaheswar Duvvuri, Robert L. Ferris, William E. Gooding, Shane O. LeBeau, N. Paul Ohori, Raja R. Seethala, Mitchell E. Tublin, Linwah Yip, Marina N. Nikiforova 

Incidences of Unfavorable Events in the Management of Low-Risk Papillary Microcarcinoma of the Thyroid by Active Surveillance Versus Immediate Surgery
Hitomi Oda, Akira Miyauchi, Yasuhiro Ito, Kana Yoshioka, Ayako Nakayama, Hisanori Sasai, Hiroo Masuoka, Tomonori Yabuta, Mitsuhiro Fukushima, Takuya Higashiyama, Minoru Kihara, Kaoru Kobayashi, Akihiro Miya 

Thyroid Ultrasound Features and Risk of Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies
Luciana Reck Remonti, Caroline Kaercher Kramer, Cristiane Bauermann Leitão, Lana Catani F. Pinto, Jorge Luiz Gross 

 

 

The post <i>Thyroid</i> Top-Read Articles of 2017 appeared first on American Thyroid Association.

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Modification of the measurement of the major variables in mandibular condylar fractures: angulation of sidewards displacement and shortening of the height of the ramus

Publication date: Available online 5 January 2018
Source:British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Author(s): S.P. Chang, Y. Yang, L.Q. Shi, Y.W. Liu, Y. Liu, Q. Ma
Our aim was to improve the accuracy of measurement of the angulation and the shortening of the height of the ramus in fractures of the mandibular condyle using modified methods. We analysed spiral computed tomography (CT) of 67 unilateral fractures with the OsiriX v 5.0 (©Pixmeo Sarl) and Mimics 19.0 (©2016 Materialise NV, Belgium) and analysed them with SPSS (version 24.0, IBM^® SPSS^®). Angulation was measured using both the traditional method and our modified method. The results showed significant difference (p = 0.000), and the values measured with the traditional method were lower, which is consistent with geometric analysis. We repositioned the condylar fragment with computer-aided surgical simulation and measured the shortened ramus. We were unable to find a significant difference between these values and those measured with our modified method (p = 0.053), so the accuracy of the modified method is acceptable. The measurement of the height of the ramus by our modified method is applicable to patients with unilateral, and those with bilateral, fractures. The accuracy in measurement of the major variables of condylar fractures is acceptable in both theory and practice. On the basis of such accurate measurement, more prospective clinical study is needed to find out the most appropriate treatment for condylar fractures.



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Effects of Rhinovirus (RV) 39 Infection on Airway Hyper-responsiveness (AHR) to Carbachol in Human Airways Precision Cut Lung Slices (PCLS)

Publication date: Available online 6 January 2018
Source:Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Joshua L. Kennedy, Cynthia J. Koziol-White, Susanne Jeffus, Mallikarjuna R. Rettiganti, Paige Fisher, Megan Kurten, Anthony Eze, Suzanne House, James D. Sikes, Emily Askew, Claire Putt, Reynold A. Panettieri, Stacie M. Jones, Richard C. Kurten




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Effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on short-term and long-term treatment of chronic tinnitus

Publication date: Available online 6 January 2018
Source:American Journal of Otolaryngology
Author(s): Hamidreza Abtahi, Ahmadreza Okhovvat, Somaiie Heidari, Azar Gharagazarloo, Motahare Mirdamadi, Mohammad Hossein Nilforoush, Hossein Ghazavi
ObjectiveThis study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of anodal and cathodal methods in reducing the intensity of tinnitus and to compare them with the control.MethodologyThis randomized double-blind clinical trial with case and control groups was conducted in Al-Zahra Hospital in Isfahan between 2015 and 2016. In this trial, 51 patients with tinnitus, for at least one year, were selected among those outpatients visiting the throat, nose and ear clinic within this period. Inclusion criteria were patients on electrical stimulation prohibition, with Ménière's disease, otosclerosis, chronic headache, and pulsatile tinnitus. Patients were randomly divided in three equal-sized groups: anodal stimulation group, cathodal stimulation group, and control group. The subjects received 20-min current stimulation (2 mA). Five subjects were selected from those with a significant difference between the stimulated states (anodal or cathodal) and/or control. They received weekly transcranial electrical stimulation for two months, and their long-term recovery from tinnitus was investigated. Data analysis was done with SPSS20.ResultsFindings showed no significant between-groups difference in mean scores of tinnitus before the intervention (p = .68); whereas, this difference was significant immediately after the intervention (p = .02) and 1 h after it (p = .03). The mean score of tinnitus in the anodal stimulation group was significantly lower than the control; whereas, no significant difference was observed between the anodal and cathodal stimulation groups, and between the cathodal and control groups (p < .05). Findings also showed that the mean scores of tinnitus in two cathodal stimulation groups (p = .24) and control group (p = .62) were not significantly different at three different points of time; whereas, this score was significantly different in the anodal group at these time points (p = .01).ConclusionIn conclusion, anodal stimulation was more effective than the cathodal and control stimulation in reducing the intensity of tinnitus in the short term.



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Pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis in patients affected by β-thalassemia major and sickle cell anaemia post allogenic bone marrow transplant

Publication date: Available online 6 January 2018
Source:International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
Author(s): F. Martino, R. Di Mauro, K. Paciaroni, J. Gaziev, C. Alfieri, L. Greco, R. Floris, S. Di Girolamo, M. Di Girolamo
ObjectivesSickle cell anemia (SCA) and β -thalassemia major are well-recognized beta-globin gene disorders of red blood cells associated to mortality and morbidity included bone morbidities due to ineffective erythropoiesis and bone marrow expansion, which affect every part of the skeleton. While there are an abundance of described disease manifestations of the head and neck, the manner of paranasal sinuses involvement and its relations to β-thalassemia and SCA process was not studied yet. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate a possible increased risk of rhinosinusitis and the real pathogenetic mechanism of it, comparing these two hematological diseases using msCT, gold standard for paranasal sinuses evaluation.MethodsA retrospective analysis of 90 patients affected by β-thalassemia major or SCA (respectively 59 and 31) underwent allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT), and 44 control subjects was performed. Both patient categories and control group have been subjected to hematological and radiological evaluation using 64-multidetector-row CT scanner without contrast injection.ResultsStatistical analysis reveals that patients of the two study groups exhibit a significantly increased risk of sinusitis in comparison with the normal controls (RR: 3.55 for β-thalassemic pediatric subjects; RR: 3.35 for SCA pediatric subjects). A significant difference (p < 0,5) was found between the β -thalassemic patients on the one side, and SCA and control group on the other side, with regard to the evaluation of the typical anatomic alteration of maxillary sinus: β-thalassemic children had significant increase in the bone thickness of anterior and lateral sinus walls and significant reduction in volume and density compared to SCA patients and control group, with normal conditions of these parameters.ConclusionsIn these hematological patients, there is an increased incidence of sinonasal infections due their therapy-induced immunosuppression post transplantation. In β-thalassemic patients, furthermore, the specific anatomical variants play an important confounding factor in radiological interpretation of CT images. Therefore, a cranio-facial CT scan evaluation could be a useful tool in the management of upper airway infections after BMT and should be a routinely exams in order to avoid useless surgical or antibiotic approaches.



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