Esophageal Glomus Tumors: Rare Neoplasms with Aggressive Clinical Behavior

AlexandrosSfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Esophageal Glomus Tumors: Rare Neoplasms with Aggressive Clinical Behavior via Histopathology Aims Glomus tumors are neoplasms with perivascular smooth muscle differentiation, which rarely occur in the esophagus and may behave aggressively in this site based upon prior case reports. This study describes the clinicopathologic features of 3 esophageal glomus tumors diagnosed at 2 large academic institutions between 1984 and 2022. Methods and Results Three cases of esophageal glomus tumors were identified. Patients included 2 females and 1 male, with an age range of 19-65 years. All 3 tumors behaved in a malignant fashion, with metastases to various sites (lymph nodes, lung, pericardium, pleura, diaphragm, scalp). One patient developed an aorto-esophageal fistula, resulting in a fatal hemorrhage. Tumors ranged in size from 4.5 to 8.1 cm. Histologically, all tumors had a multinodular, perivascular growth pattern. The neoplasms showed varying degrees of cytologic atypia and spindling, elevated mitotic activity (2-12 mitotic figures per 10 high-power fields), and necrosis was seen in in 2 cases. All tumors expressed smooth muscle actin by immunohistochemistry, and harbored NOTCH gene alterations (MIR143::NOTCH2 fusion in 2 cases; NOTCH3 rearrangement and NOTCH1 point mutation in 1 case). An ATRX splicing mutation in exon 10 was also identified in 1 case. Conclusions Esophageal glomus tumors pose diagnostic challenges given their rarity at this site but can be recognized by their characteristic perivascular growth pattern, round central nuclei, and supportive ancillary studies. Given the propensity for aggressive behavior in this location, we recommend management by a multidisciplinary sarcoma team for optimal outcome. View on Web

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TRIM21 inhibits irradiation-induced mitochondrial DNA release and impairs antitumour immunity in nasopharyngeal carcinoma tumour models

AlexandrosSfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader TRIM21 inhibits irradiation-induced mitochondrial DNA release and impairs antitumour immunity in nasopharyngeal carcinoma tumour models via Nature Communications - current - nature.com science feeds Nature Communications, Published online: 16 February 2023; doi:10.1038/s41467-023-36523-y The molecular mechanisms determining the response to radiotherapy remain incompletely understood. Here, the authors demonstrate that the E3 ubiquitin ligase and intracellular Fc receptor, TRIM21, impairs CD8+ T cell responses in nasopharyngeal carcinoma tumour models following ionizing radiation. View on Web

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Photoacoustic (532 nm & 1064 nm) & ultrasonic co‐scanning microscopy for in vivo imaging on small animals—a productized strategy

AlexandrosSfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Photoacoustic (532 nm & 1064 nm) & ultrasonic co‐scanning microscopy for in vivo imaging on small animals—a productized strategy via Journal of Biophotonics Abstract Photoacoustic microscopy provides a new dimension of observation in microscopic life science. However, due to the high complexity of building a photoacoustic microscopy system, for many life science practitioners, it usually takes several years to build a stable photoacoustic microscopy system. For the above situation, in this paper, a productized strategy of photoacoustic (532 nm & 1064 nm) & ultrasonic co-scanning microscopy for in vivo imaging on small animals is presented. 532 nm laser is applied to image blood vessels and pigments in label-free manner. 1064 nm laser is applied to image pigments and some novel probes developed for NIR-II windows. Ultrasound is applied to assist photoacoustic imaging to accurately locate its imaging site in tissues. All three-dimensional results are obtained with one single scan. The strategy presented here will help life science practitioners to build a stable photoacoustic microscopy platform. View on Web

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Management of epistaxis associated with oral antithrombotic drugs in Emergency Department and impact on prescription thereafter

AlexandrosSfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Management of epistaxis associated with oral antithrombotic drugs in Emergency Department and impact on prescription thereafter via Clinical Otolaryngology ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES To describe management, and to assess factors associated with antithrombotic prescription thereafter in patients who had epistaxis referred to emergency department. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. From emergency departments, clinical, biological and hospital data were collected. The clinical database was linked to the French Health Insurance Database where we retrieved antithrombotic drug deliveries in a 3-month period before and after referral. SETTING Multicentric population-based cohort study within five well-defined areas. PARTICIPANTS We considered 306 patients referred for epistaxis with a stable oral antithrombotic regimen before referral. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES We considered management, hospital outcome and case fatality. Antithrombotic prescription in a 3-month follow-up period was categorized into 3 classes: no change, class change, or discontinuation. During follow-up, hospitalization for epistaxis or ischemic events were searched. RESULTS Among 306 adult individuals (mean age: 76 years), 166 took oral anticoagulant and 140 an antiplatelet drug. Blood transfusion was needed in 13.7% of patients and anterior packing alone in 61%. Half of the patients were hospitalized; 301 were discharged alive. Considering antithrombotic prescription thereafter we observed no change in 219 patients (72.8%), class changes in 47 patients (15.6%) and discontinuation in 35 patients (11.6%). We identified four independent predictors for antithrombotic prescription: hospitalization (vs. returning home, P = 0.05), age (P = 0.03), hemoglobin level (P = 0.03) and oral anticoagulant (vs. antiplatelet agent, P <.001). During the three months following discharge, 2 thrombotic and 15 bleeding events were identified. CONCLUSIONS Epistaxis referred to emergency department had an impact on subsequent antithrombotic prescription. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. View on Web

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Comparison of treatment strategies for resectable locally advanced primary mucinous adenocarcinoma of the lung

AlexandrosSfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Comparison of treatment strategies for resectable locally advanced primary mucinous adenocarcinoma of the lung via Cancer Medicine Stage III-N2 lung pure mucinous adenocarcinoma (PMA) tended to appear more in lower lobes, with higher differentiation degree, earlier T stage, and more positive lymph nodes(LNs) than other adenocarcinoma. The prognosis of resectable III-N2 PMAs was worse than other adenocarcinoma. Patients with ≤7 positive LNs benefited from PORT and those with >7 positive LNs benefited from chemotherapy. Abstract Background Primary pure mucinous adenocarcinoma (PMA) is a rare type of lung cancer with unique clinical and prognostic features. Previous studies have shown that PMA have more early-stage cancer compared with other adenocarcinoma (ADC) subtypes. The clinicopathological features and optimal treatment strategies of resectable locally advanced mucinous adenocarcinoma lack evidence and require further study. Methods In this study, we collected information from patients with stage III-N2 PMA who underwent radical surgery between 2004 and 2016 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. The clinicopathological parameters, treatments, overall survival (OS), and cancer-specific survival (CSS) were evaluated. Results Of 242,699 eligible lung adenocarcinoma patients, 124 with PMA and 3405 with other ADCs of stage III-N2 received radical surgery were identified. Compared with other ADCs, PMA tended to appear more in the lower lobes, with higher degree of differentiation, less early T stage, and more positive lymph nodes numbers. Patients with PMA had significantly worse survival than other ADCs (OS = 45.0 vs. 57.1 months, p = 0.005, CSS = 51.8 vs. 65.5 months, p = 0.017). We explored the benefit population of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) and found that the population with ≤7 positive lymph nodes could benefit from PORT, and OS was significantly improved (41.2 vs. 69.3 months, p = 0.034). For patients with >7 positive lymph nodes, PORT did not provide a survival benefit, while chemotherapy improved OS (10.9 vs. 23.3 months, p = 0.041). Multivariate analysis showed that race, tumor location, number of positive lymph nodes, and PORT were independent prognostic factors in patients with postoperative III-N2 lung PMA. Conclusion The prognosis of patients with resectable III-N2 primary lung PMA was significantly worse than that of other ADCs, and PORT was an independent prognostic factor. Patients with ≤7 positive lymph nodes could benefit from PORT and those with >7 positive lymph nodes could benefit from chemotherapy. View on Web

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Clinicopathologic Features and Frozen Diagnostic Pitfalls of Bronchiolar Adenoma/Ciliated Muconodular Papillary Tumors (BA/CMPTs)

AlexandrosSfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Clinicopathologic Features and Frozen Diagnostic Pitfalls of Bronchiolar Adenoma/Ciliated Muconodular Papillary Tumors (BA/CMPTs) via The American Journal of Surgical Pathology - Published Ahead-of-Print To describe the histologic features of bronchiolar adenoma/ciliated muconodular papillary tumors (BA/CMPTs) and analyze the pitfalls in diagnosis from frozen sections. A total of 208 frozen and permanent sections of BA/CMPTs from Shanghai Chest Hospital from July 2018 to July 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The median age of BA/CMPT patients was 65 years (15 to 79 y), and women accounted for 61.62% (122/198). The median size of BA/C MPTs was 0.6 cm (range 0.2 to 2 cm), of which 88.94% were small (≤1 cm, 185/208). In terms of location, the right lower lobe accounted for 44.23% (92/208), and the left lower lobe accounted for 33.65% (70/208). In 10 patients with 2 independent BA/CMPTs, 5 lesions were located in the left lower lobe and 4 in the right lower lobe. A total of 86.06% of the CT images of BA/CMPT showed solid/subsolid nodules (179/208). Among 208 tumors, 68.75% were distal type (143/208), and 31.25% were proximal type (65/208). The qualitative error rate of frozen sections was 21.33% (32/150), of which the distal type accounted for 75% (24/32); most of them were misdiagnosed as invasive adenocarcinoma during frozen diagnosis. The frozen diagnosis of BA/CMPTs might result in misdiagnosis as invasive adenocarcinoma. A careful search for characteristics of BA/CMPT, such as bilayer epithelial cells with basal cells and a lack of cellular atypia and invasive growth patterns, may be helpful fo r frozen diagnosis. View on Web

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Antimicrobial for 7 or 14 days for febrile urinary tract infection in men: a multicenter noninferiority double blind placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial

AlexandrosSfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Antimicrobial for 7 or 14 days for febrile urinary tract infection in men: a multicenter noninferiority double blind placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial via Clinical Infectious Diseases Advance Access Abstract Background The optimal duration of antimicrobial therapy for urinary tract infections in men remains controversial. Methods To compare 7 days to 14 days total antibiotic treatment for febrile urinary tract infections in men, this multicenter randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled non-inferiority trial enrolled 282 men from 27 centers in France. Men were eligible if they had a febrile urinary tract infection and urine culture showing a single uropathogen.Participants were treated with ofloxacin or third generation cephalosporin at day 1, then randomized at day 3-4 to either continue ofloxacin for 14 days total treatment, or for 7 days followed by placebo until day 14.The primary endpoint was treatment success, defined as a negative urine culture, the absence of fever and of subsequent antibiotic treatment between the end of treatment and 6 weeks after day 1. Secondary endpoints included recurrent urinary tract infection within weeks 6 and 12 after day 1, rectal carriage of antimicrobial-resistant Enterobacterales and drug-related events. Results Two hundred and forty participants were randomly assigned to receive antibiotic therapy for 7 (115 participants) or 14 days (125 participants). In the ITT analysis, treatment success occurred in 64 participants (55.7%) in the 7-day group and in 97 participants (77.6%) in the 14-day group (risk difference-21.9 (-33.3 to -10.1)), demonstrating inferiority. Adverse events during antibiotic therapy were reported in four participants in the 7-day arm and seven in the 14-day arm. Rectal carriage of resistant Enterobacterales did not differ between both groups. Conclusion A treatment with ofloxacin for 7 days was inferior to 14 days for febrile UTI in men and should therefore not be recommended. View on Web

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Multiomics STEP up in correlative analysis of response to CAR T cells

AlexandrosSfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Multiomics STEP up in correlative analysis of response to CAR T cells via Nat R Clinical Oncology Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 15 February 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00742-5 Plasma cell-free DNA analysis has emerged as a powerful liquid biopsy assay to assess circulating tumour DNA in response to cancer treatments. A new study shows that cell-free DNA can also inform on expansion kinetics and tumour-infiltration patterns in patients receiving chimeric antigen receptor T cells and, together with circulating tumour DNA, provides vivid prognostic insights into intratumoural dynamics. View on Web

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Trends in the global antibiotics market

AlexandrosSfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Trends in the global antibiotics market via Nature Reviews Drug Discovery - Issue - nature.com science feeds Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, Published online: 15 February 2023; doi:10.1038/d41573-023-00029-5 Trends in the global antibiotics market View on Web

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Structural Analysis of MALAT1 long non-coding RNA in cells and in evolution [Article]

AlexandrosSfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Structural Analysis of MALAT1 long non-coding RNA in cells and in evolution [Article] via RNA In Advance Although not canonically polyadenylated, the long non-coding RNA MALAT1 (Metastasis Associated Lung Adenocarcinoma Transcript 1) is stabilized by a highly conserved 76 nucleotide triple helix structure on its 3' end. The entire MALAT1 transcript is over 8,000 nucleotides long in humans. The strongest structural conservation signal in MALAT1 (as measured by co-variation of base-pairs) is in the triple helix structure. Primary sequence analysis of co-variation alone does not reveal the degree of structural conservation of the entire full-length transcript, however. Furthermore, RNA structure is often context dependent; RNA binding proteins that are differentially expressed in different cell types may alter structure. We investigate here the in cell and cell free structures of the full-length human and green monkey (Chlorocebus sabaeus) MALAT1 transcripts in multiple tissue-derived cell lines using SHAPE chemical probing. Our data reveal levels of uniform str uctural conservation in different cell lines, in cells and cell free, and even between species, despite significant differences in primary sequence. The uniformity of the structural conservation across the entire transcript suggests that, despite seeing co-variation signals only in the triple helix junction of the lncRNA, the rest of the transcript's structure is remarkably conserved at least in primates and across multiple cell types and conditions. View on Web

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