Overview of sialylation status in human nervous and skeletal muscle tissues during aging

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Overview of sialylation status in human nervous and skeletal muscle tissues during aging Via histochem Acta Histochem. 2021 Nov 6;123(8):151813. doi: 10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151813. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Sialic acids (Sias) are a large and heterogeneous family of electronegatively charged nine-carbon monosaccharides containing a carboxylic acid and are mostly found as terminal residues in glycans of glycoproteins and glycolipids such as gangliosides. They are linked to galactose or N-acetylgalactosamine via α2,3 or α2,6 linkage, or to other Sias via α2,8 or more ra rely α2,9 linkage, resulting in mono, oligo and polymeric forms. Given their characteristics, Sias play a crucial role in a multitude of human tissue biological processes in physiological and pathological conditions, ranging from development and growth to adult life until aging. Here, we review the sialylation status in human adult life focusing on the nervous and skeletal muscle tissues, which both display significant structural and functional changes during aging, strongly impacting on the whole human body and, therefore, on the quality of life. In particular, this review highlights the fundamental roles played by different types of glycoconjugates Sias in several cellular biological processes in the nervous and skeletal muscle tissues during adult life, also discussing how changes in Sia content during aging may contribute to the physiological decline of physical and nervous functions and to the development of age-related degenerative pathologies. Based on our current knowledge, further in-depth investigations could help to develop novel prophylactic strategies and therapeutic approaches that, by maintaining and/or restoring the correct sialylation status in the nervous and skeletal muscle tissues, could contribute to aging slowing and the prevention of age-related pathologies. PMID:34753032 | DOI:10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151813 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

The Role of Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Angiography in Complex Abdominal Wall Reconstruction: A Scoping Review of the Literature

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader The Role of Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Angiography in Complex Abdominal Wall Reconstruction: A Scoping Review of the Literature Via Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2021 Oct 8:S1748-6815(21)00435-6. doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2021.08.048. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Indocyanine green fluorescence angiography (ICGFA) is a technique for assessing vascularity and perfusion which has multiple proven applications across a variety of surgical procedures. Studies have been performed assessing its potential role in evaluating skin flap viability in complex abdominal wall reconstruction (CAWR) in order to avoid postoperative surgical site occurrences (SSO). OBJECTIVES: This scoping review was intended to summarise the literature concerning ICGFA in CAWR in order to facilitate future evidence-based guidelines for its use. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Inclusion - cohort studies, randomised controlled trials, case series, case reports and ventral midline hernias only. Exclusion - patients aged under 18 years and non-human test subjects. SOURCES OF EVIDENCE: P ubMed, MEDLINE®, Cochrane, Embase and OpenGrey RESULTS: A total of 3416 unique titles were yielded from our search of which 9 met our inclusion criteria: 3 case reports, 1 retrospective case series, 1 prospective case series, 3 non-blinded, non-randomised retrospective case-controlled studies and 1 prospective, double-blinded randomised controlled study. The included studies varied considerably in size and method however the consensus appeared to support ICGFA as being a safe and feasible means of assessing tissue flap vascularity in CAWR. The studies returned contrasting results regarding the impact of ICGFA in predicting and avoiding SSOs however there were insufficient numbers of studies for a meta-analysis. CONCLUSIONS: We identify three case reports and four lower quality studies suggesting a possible application for ICGFA in CAWR and two higher quality studies showing no overall benefit. Evidence-based guidelines on the role of ICGFA in CAWR will require the assessment of further studies. PMID:34753685 | DOI:10.1016/j.bjps.2021.08.048 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Patient-reported outcomes measures used in facial vascularized composite allotransplantation: A systematic literature review

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Patient-reported outcomes measures used in facial vascularized composite allotransplantation: A systematic literature review Via Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2021 Oct 2:S1748-6815(21)00441-1. doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2021.09.002. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Facial vascularized composite allotransplantation (fVCA) is a life-enhancing procedure performed to improve quality of life (QOL). Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are tools used to assess QOL from the patients' perspective, and are increasingly recognized as an important clinical metric to assess outcomes of treatment. A systematic literature review was performed to identify and appraise the content of PROMs used in fVCA. METHODS: We searched PUBMED/Medline, CINAHL, Embase, PsychInfo, and Web of Science from their inception through to June 2020. Included studies used a PROM in candidates and recipients of fVCA of any gender or age. We excluded abstracts, reviews, editorials, and dissertations. Items from each PROM were extracted and coded, using top-level codes and subcodes, to de velop a preliminary conceptual framework of QOL concerns in fVCA, and to guide future PROM selection. RESULTS: Title and abstract screening of 6089 publications resulted in 16 studies that met inclusion criteria. Review of the 16 studies identified 38 PROMs, none of which were developed for fVCA. Review of the coded content for each PROM identified six top-level codes (appearance, facial function, physical, psychological and social health, and experience of care) and 16 subcodes, making up the preliminary conceptual framework. CONCLUSION: There are currently no PROMs designed to measure QOL concerns of fVCA candidates and recipients. Findings from this systematic review will be used to inform an interview guide for use in qualitative interviews to elicit and refine important concepts related to QOL in fVCA. PMID:34753682 | DOI:10.1016/j.bjps.2021.09.002 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Degenerative physiochemical events in the pathological intervertebral disc

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Degenerative physiochemical events in the pathological intervertebral disc Via Cellular and Molecular Biology Histol Histopathol. 2021 Nov 10:18395. doi: 10.14670/HH-18-395. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Low back pain is one of the commonest musculoskeletal complaints that affects individuals of all ages and is a leading contributor towards work loss worldwide. The range of current treatment modalities involving surgeries, injectable agents, and medications is promising but cannot address the reasons behind the occurrence of pain in patients with degenerative disc pathologies. One possible factor for the limited success is the lack of evidence behind the identification of early, intermediate, and late stages of painful changes methodologically in a vast group of populations and the manifestation of the diseases in terms of increased physical activity, hereditary patterns, and various risk factors. However, despite these challenges, steady progress has been achieved in understanding the parameters in abnormally loaded progressively degenerati ng discs and these features have been elucidated at a physical, biochemical, and cellular level. These recent findings can likely lead to the development of therapeutic interventions that will identify and retard tissue damage, decrease pain, and improve the quality of life in these patients. Therefore, the main aim of this review is to integrate recent updates in intervertebral disc degeneration research for the development of evidence-based screening protocols and more targeted interventions in the management of low back pain. PMID:34755329 | DOI:10.14670/HH-18-395 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Medicolegal corner (spine): Contraindicated use of DuraSeal in anterior cervical spine led to quadriplegia

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Medicolegal corner (spine): Contraindicated use of DuraSeal in anterior cervical spine led to quadriplegia Via leak of cerebrospinal fluid Surg Neurol Int. 2021 Oct 19;12:532. doi: 10.25259/SNI_875_2021. eCollection 2021. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The package insert for DuraSeal (Integra LifeSciences, Princeton NJ) states it is Contraindicated for use in the anterior cervical spine (confined space): "Do not apply DuraSeal® hydrogel to confined bony structures where nerves are present since neural compression may result due to hydrogel swelling (…up to 12% of its size in any direction)." Further, it should not be used to treat massive unrepaired cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks in any location; "…(it) is indicated as an adjunct to sutured dural repair during spine surgery to provide watertight closure," but it is not to be used "...for a gap greater than 2 mm…." METHODS: A spinal surgeon interpreted a geriatric patient's MR as showing severe C3-C4 to C5-C6 anterior cord compression due to disc disease/spondylosis. However, he never reviewed the CT report/images that documented marked ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) with multiple signs of dural penetrance. RESULTS: The anterior C4, C5 corpectomy, and C3-C6 strut fusion/plating resulted in a massive, irreparable cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak. Despite the contraindications, the surgeon mistakenly applied DuraSeal which caused the patient's postoperative quadriplegia (i.e., as documented on the delayed postoperative MR scan). Following a secondary surgery consisting of a laminectomy/posterior fusion, the patient was still quadriplegic. Further, as he requested no postoperative MR scan and performed no subsequent corrective surgery (i.e., anterior removal of DuraSeal), the patient remained permanently quadriplegic. CONCLUSION: DuraSeal is directly contraindicated for use in the anterior cervical spine, with/without a CSF leak. Here, utilizing DuraSeal for anterior cervical OPLL surgery resulted in permanent quadriplegia, and was below the standard of care. PMID:34754582 | PMC:PMC8571335 | DOI:10.25259/SNI_875_2021 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

A case study of phantosmia cured by antibiotic treatment of an intranasal Pseudomonas stutzeri infection

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader A case study of phantosmia cured by antibiotic treatment of an intranasal Pseudomonas stutzeri infection Via Associação Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia Cérvico-Facial Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 Oct 17:S1808-8694(21)00165-8. doi: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2021.08.006. Online ahead of print. NO ABSTRACT PMID:34756556 | DOI:10.1016/j.bjorl.2021.08.006 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Tobacco and alcohol consumption in women treated for breast cancer in a department of surgical oncology: Frequent behaviours to consider

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Tobacco and alcohol consumption in women treated for breast cancer in a department of surgical oncology: Frequent behaviours to consider Via Association française pour l'étude du cancer Bull Cancer. 2021 Oct 28:S0007-4551(21)00364-7. doi: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2021.07.005. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Tobacco and alcohol represent the two most important risk factors increasing cancer incidence and mortality, particularly among women with breast cancer. However, few researches have focused on the consumption of psychoactive substances in women treated for breast cancer. The present study describes the prevalence of tobacco and alcohol consumption and their relationships with the sociodemographic, medical and psychological variables in a population of women receiving surgery treatment for breast cancer. METHODS: Between October 2014 and August 2015, a group of women receiving breast cancer treatment were recruited to participate to a screening and brief intervention program (SBI) for the consumption of tobacco and alcohol, adapted to the oncology context. Data on tobacco and alcohol consumption were co llected using two questionnaires : the smoking status identification (NIDA) and alcohol consumption (AUDIT-C). A questionnaire for socio- demographic data and two for psychological data (Thermometer of psychological distress; ESAS), have been used. The medical data were reported by participants and verified on medical records. RESULTS: In a total of 11 months, 120 women with breast cancer were included in this study. A large majority of patients were hospitalized for a first-time cancer (80.8%), type invasive ductal carcinoma (70.8%) and were receiving surgery as primary treatment (45%). Furthermore, 30.8% of the women reported tobacco consumption and 38.4% high-risk alcohol consumption. Regarding mental health, 40.8% presented moderate to intense levels of psychological distress. No significant relationships were found between consumption scores and sociodemographic, medical or psychological characteristics. Only the patient's age was negatively associated with tobacco consum ption. DISCUSSION: Tobacco and at-risk alcohol consumption are frequently reported behaviors during breast cancer treatment. Intervention strategies targeting risk behaviors related to addictive consumption should be implemented during the full treatment of breast cancer patients. PMID:34756596 | DOI:10.1016/j.bulcan.2021.07.005 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Expansion of Audiologic Criteria for Pediatric Cochlear Implantation

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Expansion of Audiologic Criteria for Pediatric Cochlear Implantation Via Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America In 2020, the lower age limit for pediatric cochlear implant candidacy was lowered from 12 to 9 months of age. However, audiometric-based criteria for pediatric cochlear implant candidacy have remained unchanged for more than 20 years, requiring bilateral profound sensorineural hearing loss for children less than 2 years and bilateral severe-to-profound sensorineural hearing loss for children 2 years and older. Despite the static audiometric criteria, there is an increasing literature base demonstrating significant benefits for pediatric cochlear implant recipients who exceed current Food and Drug Administration–labeled indications for cochlear implantation. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Bone Conduction

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Bone Conduction Via Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America Bone conduction devices (BCDs) are a well-established and effective treatment solution for children with conductive and mixed hearing loss. Evidence indicates that early intervention through BCDs can improve hearing, speech, and language, and developmental outcomes. BCDs overcome several limitations associated with traditional hearing aids, and in many cases offer children an alternative to more invasive surgical management. Despite these benefits, children with conductive hearing loss are often subject to delays in intervention. In addition, interventional challenges and technological limitations of BCDs prevent widespread adoption and acceptance, particularly in early childhood. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

The third dimension in perforator mapping-Comparison of Cinematic Rendering and maximum intensity projection in abdominal-based autologous breast reconstruction

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader The third dimension in perforator mapping-Comparison of Cinematic Rendering and maximum intensity projection in abdominal-based autologous breast reconstruction Via Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2021 Oct 7:S1748-6815(21)00445-9. doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2021.09.011. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Cinematic Rendering (CR) is a recently introduced post-processing three-dimensional (3D) visualization imaging tool. The aim of this study was to assess its clinical value in the preoperative planning of deep inferior epigastric artery perforator (DIEP) or muscle-sparing transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous (MS-TRAM) flaps, and to compare it with maximum intensity projection (MIP) images. The study presents the first application of CR for perforator mapping prior to autologous breast reconstruction. METHODS: Two senior surgeons independently analyzed CR and MIP images based on computed tomography angiography (CTA) datasets of 20 patients in terms of vascular pedicle characteristics, the possibility to harvest a DIEP or MS-TRAM flap, and the side of the flap harvest. We calculated inter- and intra-observer agreement in order to examine the accordance of both image techniques. RESULTS: We observed a good inter- and intra-observer agreement concerning the type of flap and the side of the flap harvest. However, the agreement on the pedicle characteristics varies depending on the considered variable. Both investigators identified a significantly higher number of perforators with MIP compared with CR (observer 1, p<0.0001 and observer 2, p<0.0385). CONCLUSION: The current study serves as an explorative study, showing first experiences with CR in abdominal-based autologous breast reconstruction. In addition to MIP images, CR might improve the surgeon's understanding of the individual's anatomy. Future studies are required to compare CR with other 3D visualization tools and its possible effects on operative parameters. PMID:34756655 | DOI:10.1016/j.bjps.2021.09.011 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Continuing to establish the relationship between anatomical location of cutaneous head and neck melanoma primaries and locoregional sites of metastasis: A consideration of a new anatomical site, drainage to multiple and non-adjacent neck levels, and the impact on the selectivity of neck dissection

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Continuing to establish the relationship between anatomical location of cutaneous head and neck melanoma primaries and locoregional sites of metastasis: A consideration of a new anatomical site, drainage to multiple and non-adjacent neck levels, and the impact on the selectivity of neck dissection Via Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2021 Oct 7:S1748-6815(21)00460-5. doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2021.09.022. Online ahead of print. NO ABSTRACT PMID:34756553 | DOI:10.1016/j.bjps.2021.09.022 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.