Vitamin D Levels and Oral Health in Stroke Patients During Inpatient Rehabilitation

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Vitamin D Levels and Oral Health in Stroke Patients During Inpatient Rehabilitation via Journal of Oral Rehabilitation Abstract Background Stroke is a severe that restricts the individual's functions, effects the oral health. Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between oral health and vitamin D levels in stroke patients in rehabilitation units. Methods Participants with stroke, and age- and sex-matched healthy controls were recruited for the study. Oral Health Impact Scale-14 (OHIP-14), Decayed, Missing, Filled Teeth (DMFT) Index, Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN), Gingival Index (GI), and Plaque Index (PI) were assesed for all participants. Barthel Index (BI), and Brunnstrom Recovery Scale (BRS), and Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) assessed for the stroke patients. Vitamin D levels of each participant were recorded. Results The stroke patients' DMFT index and OHIP-14 values were higher than those of the healthy controls (p<0.05). However, no significant differences were observed in terms of CPTIN, PI, or GI scores (p>0.05). No statistically significant difference was determined in the DMFT index, OHIP-14 scores, Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN), PI (Plaque Index), and GI (Gingival Index) scores according to vitamin D levels among the stroke patients (p>0.05). Stroke patients' functional scores (BRS, MAS, and BI), vitamin D levels, and oral health status (OHIP-14, DMFT, CPITN, PI, and GI) were subjected to correlation analysis. This revealed significant negative correlation between BRS (arm, hand, and leg), and BI and OHIP-14 scores (p<0.05). Conclusion Although the DMFT index and health-related quality of life were adversely affected in stroke patients, no relationship was found between vitamin D and oral health status. View on Web

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adverse events in analgesic trials of third molar removal

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Nocebo response in dentistry: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of adverse events in analgesic trials of third molar removal via Journal of Oral Rehabilitation Abstract Background The nocebo response refers to the phenomenon where nonspecific factors, including negative verbal suggestion and treatment expectations, cause adverse events (AE) following a placebo treatment. Nonspecific factors are also likely to influence AE occurrence following administration of active pharmacological treatments. Objective This meta-analysis aimed to estimate the nocebo response in dentistry by assessing the AEs prevalence in placebo- and active arms of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) assessing analgesic treatment following third molar (M3) surgery. Methods A systematic search was performed in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Eligible studies had to report the number of patients experiencing at least one drug-related AE (patients with AE ≥ 1) separately for the active and placebo arms. The proportion of patients with AE ≥ 1 and drug-related dropouts were pooled, and risk differences (RDs) between patients in the placebo- and active arm were calculated. Results In 50 independent RCTs of 47 identified articles, the pooled rates of patients with AE ≥ 1 were 22.8% in the placebo arm and 20.6% in the active arm. The pooled rates of drug-related dropout were 0.24% in the placebo arm and 0.08% in the active arm. There were no significant RDs in patients with AE ≥ 1 and drug-related dropouts. Conclusion These results show that patients in the placebo arm reported AEs to the same extent as patients receiving active treatment, suggesting that most AEs in analgesic medication following M3 surgery may be attributed to the nocebo phenomenon. View on Web

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Βeta‐glucan suppresses high‐fat‐diet‐induced obesity by attenuating dyslipidemia and modulating obesogenic marker expressions in rats

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Βeta‐glucan suppresses high‐fat‐diet‐induced obesity by attenuating dyslipidemia and modulating obesogenic marker expressions in rats via Fundamental & Clinical Pharmacology Abstract The current study was designed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of Βeta-glucan (BG) which is a key bioactive compound predominantly present in mushrooms and cereals against high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obesity, and to understand its mechanism of action. Obesity was induced in rats by supplementing the diet with HFD and BG (40mg/kg bodyweight) for a period of 6 weeks. At the end of the experimental period, the body weight, as well as hyperglycemic, dyslipidemia and obesogenic marker expressions were assessed in the control group and in the experimental obese rats. Administration of BG to obese rats significantly reduced body weight gain and attenuated hyperglycemia which was confirmed by the decreased blood glucose and insulin resistance. At the same time, BG mitigated dyslipidemia by altering expressions of PPAR-γ, SREBP-1c, FAS, HMG-CoA reductase, and Fab-4 in HFD-induced obese rats. In conclusion, this study revealed that BG is a potential candidate to ameliorate HFD-induc ed obesity by modulating obesogenic marker expressions, especially by regulating the master regulator PPAR-γ. View on Web

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Impact of peri‐implant soft tissue characteristics on health and esthetics

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Impact of peri‐implant soft tissue characteristics on health and esthetics via Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry Abstract Objective To review the impact of key peri-implant soft tissue characteristics on health and esthetics. Main Considerations The keratinized mucosa width (KMW), the mucosal thickness (MT), and the supracrestal tissue height (STH) are essential components of the peri-implant soft tissue phenotype. An inadequate KMW (<2 mm) has been associated with local discomfort upon oral hygiene performance and increased risk for the onset of peri-implant diseases. A minimum buccal MT (≥2 mm) is generally required to prevent esthetic issues related to the effect of transmucosal prosthetic elements on the color of the mucosa and can also contribute to long-term mucosal stability. STH is directly related to marginal bone remodeling patterns during the early healing process that follows the connection of transmucosal prosthetic components. Short STH, generally defined as <3 mm, has been consistently associated with marginal bone loss resulting from the physiologic establishment of the mucosal seal. Insufficient STH may also derive into the fabrication of unfavorable transmucosal prosthetic contours, which f requently results in unpleasing esthetic outcomes and predisposes to submarginal biofilm accumulation. Peri-implant soft tissue dehiscences (PISTDs) are a type of peri-implant deformity that are associated with esthetic issues and often occur in sites presenting KMW, MT, and/or STH deficiencies. PISTDs should be correctly diagnosed and treated accordingly, usually by means of multidisciplinary therapy. Conclusion Understanding the impact of different dimensional and morphologic features of the peri-implant mucosa on health and esthetic outcomes is fundamental to make appropriate clinical decisions in the context of tooth replacement therapy with implant-supported prostheses. View on Web

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Cholinergic Boutons are Distributed Along the Dendrites and Somata of VIP Neurons in the Inferior Colliculus

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Cholinergic Boutons are Distributed Along the Dendrites and Somata of VIP Neurons in the Inferior Colliculus via JARO - Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology via MedWorm.com AbstractCholinergic signaling shapes sound processing and plasticity in the inferior colliculus (IC), the midbrain hub of the central auditory system, but how cholinergic terminals contact and influence individual neuron types in the IC remains largely unknown. Using pharmacology and electrophysiology, we recently found that acetylcholine strongly excites VIP neurons, a class of glutamatergic principal neurons in the IC, by activating α3β4* nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). Here, we confirm and extend these results using tissue from mice of both sexes. First, we show that mRNA encoding α3 and β4 nAChR subunits is expressed in many neurons throughout the IC, including most VIP neurons, suggesting that these subunits, which are rare in the brain, are important mediators of chol... View on Web

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