Investigation of the Mechanism of Impaired Skin Barrier Function in Dogs With Malignant Tumors

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Investigation of the Mechanism of Impaired Skin Barrier Function in Dogs With Malignant Tumors Via In vivo (Athens, Greece) In Vivo. 2022 Mar-Apr;36(2):743-752. doi: 10.21873/invivo.12761. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND/AIM: No study has investigated skin barrier dysfunction with systemic diseases in veterinary medicine. We investigated the mechanism of disturbed skin barrier function in dogs with internal diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Healthy controls and dogs with systemic diseases were enrolled in three different disease groups: malignant tumor, hyperadrenocorticism and kidney disease. Transepidermal water loss (TEWL), serum levels of five selective pro-inflammatory cytokines and claudin-1, and complete blood count were measured. RESULTS: TEWL was significantly increased in the malignant tumor group while serum claudin-1 concentrations were significantly lower compared to controls. Tumor necrosis factor-α was also significantly increased in the cancer group. In addition, the malignant tumor group showed significantly higher monocyte chemotactic prot ein-1 after chemotherapy, but lower interleukin-6 levels, compared to dogs with no chemotherapy. CONCLUSION: Skin barrier function was decreased in dogs with malignant tumors compared to dogs with other systemic diseases by oxidative stress and a reduction in tight junction proteins. PMID:35241530 | DOI:10.21873/invivo.12761 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Tremella fuciformis Inhibits Melanogenesis in B16F10 Cells and Promotes Migration of Human Fibroblasts and Keratinocytes

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader <em>Tremella fuciformis</em> Inhibits Melanogenesis in B16F10 Cells and Promotes Migration of Human Fibroblasts and Keratinocytes Via In vivo (Athens, Greece) In Vivo. 2022 Mar-Apr;36(2):713-722. doi: 10.21873/invivo.12757. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND/AIM: Natural skin whiteners have been investigated for centuries. The development of preparations that safely achieve whitening of hyper-pigmented skin lesions is a challenge for the cosmetics industry. Furthermore, promoting rapid wound healing and minimizing inflammation in injured skin are key to prevent from abnormal pigmentation in scar tissue. Natural products, including the fungus Tremella fuciformis (TF), are attracting attention as potential sources of lead compounds for these applications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We investigated the in vitro effects of TF on melanogenesis in murine B16F10 cells. Melanin and tyrosinase levels were measured after treatment with TF. Wound healing in human keratinocytes (HaCaT) and fibroblasts (Detroit 551) was also determined via cell migration assay prior to TF exposure. RESULTS: TF significantly dec reased melanin content and tyrosinase expression in a concentration-dependent manner in B16F10 cells. Furthermore, TF promoted wound healing in human HaCaT keratinocytes and Detroit 551 fibroblasts. CONCLUSION: TF proved effectively on inhibiting melanogenesis and promoting wound healing in vitro, demonstrating its potential as a novel skin-whitening agent. However, further clinical studies of safety and efficacy are required. PMID:35241526 | DOI:10.21873/invivo.12757 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Predictive Value of Circulating Tumor Cells in Prognosis of Stage III/IV Colorectal Cancer After Oxaliplatin-based First-line Chemotherapy

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Predictive Value of Circulating Tumor Cells in Prognosis of Stage III/IV Colorectal Cancer After Oxaliplatin-based First-line Chemotherapy Via In vivo (Athens, Greece) In Vivo. 2022 Mar-Apr;36(2):806-813. doi: 10.21873/invivo.12767. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND/AIM: Insufficient data exist to support the concept of the circulating tumor cell (CTC) level as a prognostic factor for platinum-based first-line chemotherapy. This study investigated the impact of CTCs on the prognosis of patients with advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) after receiving platinum-based chemotherapy. Analyses were carried out of clinicopathological features and molecular phenotypes to clarify independent risk factors for a high CTC count. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients diagnosed with stage III/IV CRC (n=76) were included in the study. The blood samples of patients were evaluated for CTCs using the CellRich™ platform system. Immunohistochemistry (Ias used to analyze epithelial-mesenchymal transition-associated biomarkers E-cadherin and vimentin. Univariate and logistic regression analyses were then conducted to analyze the risk fac tors for CTC expression. Additionally, the influence of oxaliplatin on disease-free survival after first-line chemotherapy or during chemotherapy was analyzed through a 2-year follow-up. RESULTS: Patients in the CTC+ group experienced shorter DFS after receiving oxaliplatin first-line chemotherapy than patients in the CTC- group (p<0.01). In addition, univariate analysis revealed that the tumor M-stage, tumor location, RAS mutation, high expression of vimentin, and deletion of E-cadherin expression were correlated with a high CTC count. Multivariate analysis suggested that the presence of RAS gene mutations and high vimentin expression were independent risk factors for high CTC loads (p<0.01). CONCLUSION: CTC positivity can indicate the efficacy of first-line chemotherapy with oxaliplatin in stage III/IV colorectal cancer. This may be linked to tumor epithelial-mesenchymal transition in patients with CTCs. Moreover, RAS gene mutation and high expression of vimentin were identified as independent risk factors for a high CTC count. PMID:35241536 | DOI:10.21873/invivo.12767 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Optimization of Culture Conditions for the Generation of Canine CD20-CAR-T Cells for Adoptive Immunotherapy

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Optimization of Culture Conditions for the Generation of Canine CD20-CAR-T Cells for Adoptive Immunotherapy Via In vivo (Athens, Greece) In Vivo. 2022 Mar-Apr;36(2):764-772. doi: 10.21873/invivo.12763. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND/AIM: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy targeting CD20 has the potential to become a promising novel treatment for canine B cell lymphoid malignancy. However, the optimal approach for producing potent CAR-T cells with favorable phenotype for dogs remains unknown. In this study, we assessed several culture conditions and their effects on the phenotypic characteristics of CD20-CAR-T cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Canine CAR-T cells were generated by incubating with several mitogens in the presence or absence of Akt inhibitor. Gene transduction efficiency and phenotypic characteristics were determined by flow cytometry. RESULTS: Comparison of several kinds of mitogens revealed that stimulation with phytohemagglutinin has high transduction efficacy, whereas stimulation with concanavalin A was superior in memory T cell formation. Akt inhibition at the initial stage of CAR-T production tended to enhance transduction efficiency and memory T cell formation. CONCLUSION: This study provides a significant insight into the understanding of the ex vivo expansion of canine T cells in adoptive immunotherapy. PMID:35241532 | DOI:10.21873/invivo.12763 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Endonasal Acoustic Doppler Sonography in Predicting the Survival of Nasoseptal Flap Following Previous Irradiation

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Endonasal Acoustic Doppler Sonography in Predicting the Survival of Nasoseptal Flap Following Previous Irradiation Via The Laryngoscope Objective Blood supply to the nasoseptal flap may be compromised in patients who had previous irradiation to the head and neck region, hence, affecting its viability. Here, we evaluate the role of an endonasal acoustic Doppler sonography in predicting the survival of the nasoseptal flap in this group of patients. Study Design Retrospective cohort. Methods Retrospective review of patients with previous irradiation to the head and neck region who had undergone endoscopic endonasal surgeries requiring nasoseptal flap as reconstruction. Survival rates of nasoseptal flap were compared between groups where endonasal Doppler was used. Results A total of 28 patients were identified with previous irradiation to the head and neck region who had undergone endoscopic endonasal surgeries requiring nasoseptal flap as reconstruction. The overall survival rate of nasoseptal flap is 67.8% (19 out of 28). Endonasal acoustic Doppler was used in 17 of these patients, of which 13 patients had a positive signal. The flap survival rate in the Doppler-positive group compared to the non-Doppler group was significantly better at 100% vs 45.4% (P = .003). Among those where the endonasal Doppler was used, the flap survival rate with a negative doppler signal was significantly worse at 25%, compared with 100% flap survival in those with positive doppler signal (P = .006). The positive predictive value of a positive endonasal Doppler signal with flap survival is 100%. Conclusion The use of endonasal acoustic Doppler may be useful in predicting the viability of nasoseptal flap in postirradiated patients who need a local mucosal flap coverage. Level of Evidence Level 3 Laryngoscope, 2022 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Smoothed Cepstral Peak Analysis

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Smoothed Cepstral Peak Analysis of Brazilian Children and Adolescents Speakers Via Journal of Voice Childhood and adolescence are essential stages in the development of voice and speech quality; therefore, it is essential to understand the vocal changes that occur during this period. Frequency-based measurement methods like cepstral measurements stand out among the methods described, which are able to identify fo and estimate the periodicity and noise in the acoustic wave without establishing individual cycles of the sound wave. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Computational Study of the Impact of Dehydration-Induced Vocal Fold Stiffness Changes on Voice Production

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Computational Study of the Impact of Dehydration-Induced Vocal Fold Stiffness Changes on Voice Production Via Journal of Voice Systemic vocal fold dehydration is known to increase vocal fold stiffness, which has been hypothesized to have important effect on voice production. However, it remains unclear whether the dehydration-induced vocal fold stiffness changes can have a noticeable impact on phonation, particularly in normal phonation conditions. The goal of this study was to investigate the impact of vocal fold stiffness changes due to vocal fold systemic dehydration and its significance in daily communication. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

A Novel 3-Step Tuning Fork Hearing Test; Preliminary Report on Its Clinical Utility

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader A Novel 3-Step Tuning Fork Hearing Test; Preliminary Report on Its Clinical Utility Via Otolaryngology Indian Abstract It is pertinent to have a Tuning Fork Hearing Test that stand-alone can detect severities (Mild, Moderate, Severe and Profound) and the types of hearing losses (Conductive, Sensorineural, and Mixed). A novel 3-Step Tuning Fork Hearing Test (3-STFHT) was attempted for the first time that could detect both the types and the severities of hearing losses. The study was aimed to describe the method of the 3-STFHT and evaluate its clinical utility and reliability. Research Design: Hospital-based observational study of a diagnostic tool. Settings: Otorhinolaryngology Department of a tertiary care medical college hospital. Subjects: 108 adult patients (216 ears) who required hearing evaluation. Main Outcome measures: Sensitivity and specificity of novel 3-STFHT were assessed by comparing its results with the reports of pure tone audiometry in detecting the type and severity of hearing loss. The new 3-STFHT was found very effective (100% sensitivity and specificity) in de tecting conductive and profound sensorineural hearing losses. The sensitivity in detecting sensorineural hearing loss was found 97%-100%. The sensitivity was observed relatively low (92%) at detecting mixed hearing loss. The overall sensitivity and specificity of the 3-STFHT in detecting the types of hearing losses was found 97% and 86% respectively. The novel 3-STFHT, which is simple and convenient, was found very effective in detecting the types and severity of hearing losses. The 3-STFHT can be an important tool in otorhinolaryngology practice and in primary care setting for detecting and screening the types and severities of hearing losses. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.