Visfatin promotes angiogenesis of RF/6A cells through upregulation of VEGF/VEGFR-2 under high-glucose conditions

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Visfatin promotes angiogenesis of RF/6A cells through upregulation of VEGF/VEGFR-2 under high-glucose conditions Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2021 Apr;21(4):389. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9820. Epub 2021 Feb 24. ABSTRACT Visfatin is a type of adipocytokine that is highly expressed in the serum and vitreous of patients with diabetic retinopathy. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect and mechanism of visfatin on angiogenesis in RF/6A monkey chorioretinal retinal endothelial cells under high glucose (HG) conditions in vitro. RF/6A cells were randomly divided into four groups: Control group, under high glucose (HG) group (25 mM D-glucose), visfatin group 1 (10 nM visfatin + 25 mM D-glucose), visfatin group 2 (20 nM visfatin + 25 mM D-glucose) and visfatin group 3 (30 nM visfatin + 25 mM D-glucose). After 24 and 48 h, a Cell Counting Kit-8, wound-healing assay and Matrigel tube formation assay were used to detect cell proliferation, migration and cell tube formation, respectively. Subsequently, the expression levels of VEGF and VEGF recep tor 2 (VEGFR-2) in cells of visfatin group 3 were observed by western blot and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR analyses. At 24 and 48 h, the cell proliferation and migration distance in the HG group were reduced compared with those in the control group (P<0.05). Compared with those in the HG group, the cell proliferation and migration distance in all visfatin groups were significantly increased (P<0.05), with the highest significance in visfatin group 3. Visfatin significantly promoted tube-like structure formation by RF/6A cells, particularly at the concentration of 30 nM. The protein and mRNA expression levels of VEGF and VEGFR-2 were significantly increased in the HG group as compared with those in the control group (P<0.05). Furthermore, compared with those in the HG group, VEGF and VEGFR-2 protein and mRNA expression levels were significantly increased in visfatin group 3 (P<0.05). Overall, visfatin promoted the proliferation, migration and tube formation of RF/6A cells under HG conditions, suggesting that visfatin has a potent effect on retinal neovascularization and its mechanism may be associated with the promotion of VEGF and VEGFR-2 expression under HG conditions. PMID:33680111 | PMC:PMC7918108 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.9820 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Good's syndrome with a relapsed bloodstream infection induced by Alcaligenes sp. after thymectomy: A case report

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Good's syndrome with a relapsed bloodstream infection induced by <em>Alcaligenes</em> sp. after thymectomy: A case report Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2021 Apr;21(4):399. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9830. Epub 2021 Feb 24. ABSTRACT Good's syndrome (GS) or thymoma-associated immunodeficiency is a rare clinical syndrome with poor prognosis. The varied and unspecified clinical manifestations of GS commonly lead to a missed or delayed diagnosis. Thus, misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis are common. The present case study reports on a patient who suffered from a relapsed bloodstream infection caused by Alcaligenes sp. 6 months after thymectomy. The patient was finally diagnosed with GS after analyzing the clinical features and detecting T-lymphocyte subsets in the peripheral blood and humoral immune function. The patient's condition improved after anti-infection treatment and supplementation with intravenous immunoglobulin. Furthermore, no infection was observed during the 1-year follow-up. PMID:33680121 | PMC:PMC7918125 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.9830 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Insulin-like growth factor 2-enhanced osteogenic differentiation of stem cell spheroids by regulation of Runx2 and Col1 expression

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Insulin-like growth factor 2-enhanced osteogenic differentiation of stem cell spheroids by regulation of Runx2 and Col1 expression Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2021 Apr;21(4):383. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9814. Epub 2021 Feb 22. ABSTRACT Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2) is a growth factor that is involved in various functions of cells, including stem cells. The effects of IGF-2 on the cellular viability and osteogenic differentiation of stem cell spheroids were investigated in the present study. Stem cell spheroids were formed using concave microwells in the presence of IGF-2 at final concentrations of 0, 10 and 100 ng/ml. Cellular viability was measured qualitatively using a microscope and quantitatively using an assay kit based on water-soluble tetrazolium salt. The level of alkaline phosphatase activity, and an anthraquinone dye assay for calcium deposit evaluation, were used to assess osteogenic differentiation. A quantitative PCR analysis was conducted to evaluate the expression of Runx2 and Col1. Spheroid formation was noticed on day 1 in the microwells, and the spheroida l shape was maintained up to day 7. The cell viability assay values for IGF-2 at 0, 10 and 100 ng/ml at day 1 were 0.193±0.002, 0.191±0.002 and 0.201±0.006, respectively (P>0.05). The absorbance values at 405 nm for the alkaline phosphatase activity assays on day 21 were 0.221±0.006, 0.375±0.010 and 0.280±0.015 for IGF-2 at 0, 10 and 100 ng/ml, respectively. There were significantly higher values for IGF-2 in the 10 and 100 ng/ml groups when compared with the control (P<0.05). Significantly higher Alizarin red staining was noted for IGF-2 in the 10 ng/ml group when compared with the unloaded control at day 21 (P<0.05). Quantitative PCR revealed that mRNA levels of Runx2 and Col1 were significantly higher at 100 ng/ml on day 7. Conclusively, the present study demonstrated that the application of IGF-2 increased alkaline phosphatase activity, Alizarin red staining, and Runx2 and Col1 expression of stem cell spheroids. PMID:33680105 | PMC:PMC7918416 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.9814 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Programmed cell death-1/programmed cell death-ligand 1 inhibitors exert antiapoptosis and antiinflammatory activity in lipopolysaccharide stimulated murine alveolar macrophages

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Programmed cell death-1/programmed cell death-ligand 1 inhibitors exert antiapoptosis and antiinflammatory activity in lipopolysaccharide stimulated murine alveolar macrophages Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2021 Apr;21(4):400. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9831. Epub 2021 Feb 24. ABSTRACT Acute lung injury caused by sepsis remains one of the most difficult challenges faced by patients in intensive care units and is associated with a high mortality rate. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether programmed cell death (PD)-1/programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors reduce alveolar macrophage apoptosis, reduce inflammatory factor release and relieve inflammation. For this purpose, murine alveolar macrophages, MH-S, were cultured and divided into control, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and LPS+BMS-1 (PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors) groups. LPS (10 ng/ml) was added to the LPS and LPS+BMS-1 groups for 24 h and PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor BMS-1 (1 µmol/l) was added to the LPS+BMS-1 group for 72 h. PD-1 mRNA expression was detected using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and PD-1 protein expression was detected using western blotting in the control, LPS and LPS+BMS-1 groups of macrophages. MH-S apoptosis was detected using flow cytometry with Annexin V/PI staining. The levels of the inflammatory factors interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-10 were detected by ELISA. Murine alveolar macrophages expressed PD-1 at both the molecular and protein levels and PD-1 expression was increased in MH-S cells stimulated with LPS. Compared with the LPS group, the expression of PD-1 in the LPS+BMS-1 group was significantly decreased. Flow cytometry demonstrated that there was increased apoptosis of alveolar macrophages in the LPS group compared with the control group, whereas, alveolar macrophages notably decreased apoptosis in the LPS+BMS-1 group compared with the LPS group. There was no statistical difference between the control group and the LPS+BMS-1 group. IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and IL-10 were increased in the LPS group compared with the control group. The levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in th e LPS+BMS-1 group were lower compared with those in the LPS group whereas IL-10 was further increased. In vitro, the PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor, BMS-1, decreases alveolar macrophage apoptosis compared with the LPS group to maintain effective immune clearance and reduce inflammatory factor release. This decreased the inflammatory response and reduced acute lung injury caused by sepsis. Therefore, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors may be a potential therapeutic target for acute lung injury in patients with sepsis. PMID:33680122 | PMC:PMC7918472 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.9831 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

MicroRNA-1 affects the development of the neural crest and craniofacial skeleton via the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader MicroRNA-1 affects the development of the neural crest and craniofacial skeleton via the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2021 Apr;21(4):379. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9810. Epub 2021 Feb 19. ABSTRACT The neural crest is one of the key features of craniofacial development. MicroRNA-1 (miR-1) is a single-stranded noncoding RNA that serves an important role in embryonic development. However, the function of miR-1 in neural crest cells (NCCs) is unknown. Therefore, to evaluate the role of miR-1 in NCC development, a miR-1 mutant zebrafish was generated in the current study. Mouse NCCs were isolated from the first branchial arch of embryos at gestational day E9.5, and miR-1 was silenced using a miR-1 inhibitor. To the best of our knowledge, the present study was the first to report that homozygous zebrafish lacking miR-1 exhibited developmental defects in NCC-derived craniofacial bones, heart, melanocytes and iridophores. These defects may be caused by an increase in apoptosis of NCCs during their migration and differentiation in embryonic developme nt. Moreover, the apoptosis analysis and western blotting results demonstrated that this effect was modulated via the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway, and miR-1 inhibited NCC apoptosis by modulating this pathway. These results collectively suggested that miR-1 in NCCs may be essential for craniofacial development. PMID:33680101 | PMC:PMC7918114 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.9810 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Low fluid intake volume during the first 24 h and persistent negative fluid balance from the second day are associated with favorable prognosis for patients with sepsis

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Low fluid intake volume during the first 24 h and persistent negative fluid balance from the second day are associated with favorable prognosis for patients with sepsis Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2021 Apr;21(4):387. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9818. Epub 2021 Feb 23. ABSTRACT For patients with sepsis and septic shock, it remains controversial when to restrict fluid intake and achieve a negative fluid balance. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of the fluid intake volume during the first 24 h as well as fluid balance for 7 days on the prognosis of sepsis or septic shock. A total of 337 patients diagnosed with sepsis or septic shock at Ruijin Hospital (Shanghai, China) were enrolled in the present retrospective study. Patients with a low fluid intake volume during the first 24 h (fluid intake, 28.1±10.6 ml/kg) had lower in-hospital mortality rates (18.0 vs. 27.3%, P=0.043) and a shorter duration of mechanical ventilation [0 (0-6) vs. 3 (0-11), P=0.025] than the high-fluid volume intake group (62.6±17.6 ml/kg). Furthermore, survivors exhibited a daily negative net fluid balance from the second day (48 h), wh ereas non-survivors had a daily positive net fluid balance for 7 days, where fluid balance volumes were significantly lower in survivors compared with those in non-survivors. Finally, binary logistic regression analysis was used to determine whether the mean daily fluid balance (P<0.001) and the Acute Physiologic and Chronic Health Evaluation II score (P=0.048) were independent prognostic factors for patients with sepsis or septic shock. It was indicated that a low fluid intake volume during the first 24 h and a persistent negative fluid balance from the second day were associated with favorable outcomes. The mean daily fluid balance was an independent prognostic factor or patients with sepsis or septic shock. PMID:33680109 | PMC:PMC7918047 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.9818 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Bilateral Subdural Hygromas After Deep Brain Stimulation Implantation in the Setting of Unrecognized Intracranial Hypotension

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Bilateral Subdural Hygromas After Deep Brain Stimulation Implantation in the Setting of Unrecognized Intracranial Hypotension Via leak of cerebrospinal fluid Cureus. 2021 Jan 30;13(1):e13018. doi: 10.7759/cureus.13018. ABSTRACT Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-venous fistulas are a recently recognized cause of spontaneous spinal CSF leak and present most commonly with Valsalva ("cough")-exacerbated or orthostatic headaches. By inducing CSF hypotension, they cause diffuse pachymeningeal enhancement and brain sag on MRI. This unusual case demonstrates the potential for bilateral subdural hygroma development in a patient with an undiagnosed CSF-venous fistula after ventral intermediate nucleus (VIM) deep brain stimulation (DBS) implantation. A 68-year-old gentleman with medically-refractory essential tremor underwent extensive preoperative evaluation by the Mayo Clinic-Rochester DBS Committee. Initial MRI during preoperative evaluation had no evidence of CSF hypotension, but MRI performed the day before surgery demonstrated diffuse pachymeningeal enhancement. He underwent bilateral VIM DBS implantation and presented in the subacute postoperative period with bilateral subdural hygromas. Further testing identified a prominent hyperdense paraspinal vein arising from the T10/T11 nerve root, consistent with CSF-venous fistula. Even when patients undergo rigorous preoperative evaluations for surgical procedures, insidious pathologies can develop and cause unexpected postoperative complications. PMID:33680583 | PMC:PMC7924968 | DOI:10.7759/cureus.13018 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Bacterial upper respiratory tract infections in Brazil: bacterial resistance, human resistance, scientific darkness

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Bacterial upper respiratory tract infections in Brazil: bacterial resistance, human resistance, scientific darkness Via Associação Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia Cérvico-Facial Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 Jan 14:S1808-8694(21)00001-X. doi: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2021.01.001. Online ahead of print. NO ABSTRACT PMID:33678573 | DOI:10.1016/j.bjorl.2021.01.001 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Treatment of tracheo(broncho)malacia in children

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Treatment of tracheo(broncho)malacia in children Via oto-rhino-laryngologie Rev Med Liege. 2021 Mar;76(3):145-151. ABSTRACT Tracheomalacia (TM) is characterized by tracheal collapse due to an intrinsic anomaly resulting in a lack of rigidity of the cartilaginous rings and/or the posterior membrane during expiration, coughing or crying. It may also be secondary to external compression or acquired during endobronchial diseases. TM is commonly associated with other syndromes or airway abnormalities. Tracheomalacia can be localized or diffused and if the main bronchi are involved, the term of tracheobronchomalacia (TBM) is used. The most common symptoms include expiratory stridor, barking cough and recurrent respiratory tract infections. If tracheal weakness is severe, Acute Life Threating Events (ALTE) or Brief Resolved Unexplained Event (BRUE) can occur. While mild forms usually do not require any treatment, severe TBM may require medical and/or surgical management. Amongst several possible treatments, including trache ostomy, noninvasive ventilation and airway stenting, the pexy surgical approach (posterior, anterior tracheopexy or aortopexy) is currently the favoured option. PMID:33682381 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Compensation of damage in cancerology

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Compensation of damage in cancerology Via Association française pour l'étude du cancer Bull Cancer. 2021 Mar 4:S0007-4551(21)00047-3. doi: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2020.11.021. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT In a few situations, the consequences secondary to a carcinological pathology require an assessment of damages for compensatory purposes. This is particularly the case when liable parties have been found to be at cause of the disease: occupational pathologies in the case of inexcusable employer's fault, exposure to a radioactive risk, for example in the context of full compensation for damages suffered by the victims of nuclear experiments performed by France, or lastly, in the after-effects of late diagnosis. This article does not discuss the imputability of cancer pathologies to an event, but it proposes an adaptation of methods for assessing damages, in an attempt to provide full compensation for damages. PMID:33678407 | DOI:10.1016/j.bulcan.2020.11.021 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Medium-term follow-up of patients treated with chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR T cells): Recommendations of the Francophone Society of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy (SFGM-TC)

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Medium-term follow-up of patients treated with chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR T cells): Recommendations of the Francophone Society of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy (SFGM-TC) Via Association française pour l'étude du cancer Bull Cancer. 2021 Mar 4:S0007-4551(21)00041-2. doi: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2020.11.015. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells are a new class of anti-cancer therapy that involves manipulating autologous or allogeneic T cells to express a CAR directed against a membrane antigen. In Europe, tisagenlecleucel (Kymriah™) has marketing authorization for the treatment of relapsed / refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in children and young adults, in addition to the treatment of relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL); the marketing authorization for axicabtagene ciloleucel (Yescarta™) is for the treatment of relapsed / refractory high-grade B-cell lymphoma and for the treatment of primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma. Both cell products are genetically modified autologous T cells directed against CD19. These recommendations, drawn up by a working group of the Francophone Society of Bo ne Marrow transplantation and cellular Therapy (SFGM-TC) relate to the management of patients and the supply chain: medium-term complications, in particular cytopenias and B-cell aplasia, nursing and psychological supportive care. In another work, we will address long-term monitoring, post-marketing authorization pharmacovigilance and issues relating to JACIE and regulatory authorities. These recommendations are not prescriptive; their aim is to provide guidelines for the use of this new therapeutic approach. The purpose of this workshop is to outline the organizational aspects of this new therapeutic approach. PMID:33678408 | DOI:10.1016/j.bulcan.2020.11.015 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.