Severity of allergic rhinitis impacts sleep and anxiety: results from a large Spanish cohort

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a highly prevalent disease that generates high social and health care costs and also has a significant effect on quality of life and quality of sleep. It has also been related to some...

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Dentin pretreatment with Er:YAG laser and sodium ascorbate to improve the bond strength of glass fiber post

Abstract

Root-filled teeth that received fiber posts most frequently fail at the adhesive interface between resin cement and dentin. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of Er:YAG laser and/or sodium ascorbate (SA) on bond strength, microhardness of dentin, and penetration depth of cement into dentinal tubules. Forty-eight bovine incisor roots were endodontically treated, post spaces were prepared and equally divided into four groups (n = 12): G1—distilled water (control); G2—10% SA (10 min); G3—Er:YAG laser (150 mJ/4 Hz/40 s), and G4—Er:YAG laser + 10% SA. Glass fiber posts were cemented and roots sectioned into slices. In the first slice, the push-out bond strength (MPa) and failures were analyzed by confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). The second slice was subjected to microhardness test (KHN) and CLSM to assess the cement penetration. ANOVA and Tukey test were used for bond strength and microhardness data and Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests for the cement penetration (α = .05). The SA-treated samples had higher bond strength (10.02 ± 5.45a), similar to Er:YAG laser (9.91 ± 4.62a) and Er:YAG laser + SA (8.09 ± 4.07a). The least values (P < .05) were found on control (4.02 ± 2.39b). Significant differences were observed on root thirds (P < .05): cervical > middle > apical. There was a predominance of adhesive failures. The microhardness test revealed no differences between groups (P > .05). The experimental groups (G2, G3, and G4) had highest penetration into dentinal tubules when compared to the control (G1). Dentin pretreatments with Er:YAG laser or SA improved bond strength of cement-post-dentin interfaces; however, no synergistic effect of both treatments combined was observed.

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The hygiene hypothesis: immunological mechanisms of airway tolerance

Eline Haspeslagh | Ines Heyndrickx | Hamida Hammad | Bart N Lambrecht

https://ift.tt/2m4VJNo

Rare tumor in unusual location – glomus tumor of the finger pulp (clinical and dermoscopic features): a case report

Glomus tumors are rare, benign, vascular neoplasms arising from the glomus body. Although they can develop in any part of the body, they commonly do so in the upper extremities, most frequently subungual areas...

https://ift.tt/2J4R2vU

Incidental Finding of Left Ventricular False Chamber: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Implications

We present the case of a 75-year-old man with incidental finding of a left ventricular false chamber at echocardiography. A multimodality imaging approach including also transesophageal echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging allowed to better characterize the lesion and identify it as a pseudoaneurysm. Surgery showed an infective aetiology, which is rare, due to the finding of a large abscess in the cavity.

https://ift.tt/2KYLLb4

PAROTIDECTOMY INCISIONS

Publication date: Available online 8 July 2018

Source: Operative Techniques in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery

Author(s): Nigar Ahmedli, David Myssiorek

Abstract

The surgical approach to a parotidectomy was first described by Blair in 1912 for the resection of all parotid tumors. It has since evolved and changed into numerous permutations. The modern-day approach considers the size, location and sometimes anticipated pathology of the parotid tumor in addition to the need for a possible neck dissection. As the concern for cosmesis increases in today's society, the well-known Modified Blair incision has been revised to limit the cutaneous scar while preserving access and oncologic principles. The evolution of the parotidectomy incision from its first description to the various changes that have recently occurred are presented. These modifications occurred to take into account aesthetic concerns. The techniques are outlined as a surgical guide.

https://ift.tt/2J4mvyu

Tissue-targeted complement therapeutics

Publication date: Available online 7 July 2018

Source: Molecular Immunology

Author(s): Stephen Tomlinson, Joshua M. Thurman

Abstract

Complement activation contributes to the pathogenesis of numerous inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Therapeutic complement inhibitors have proven effective in several of these diseases and have now entered clinical use. Complement activation has multiple different biologic effects, however, and the currently available drugs can have undesirable side-effects, such as an increased risk of infection. Several different complement inhibitors have been developed that bind to target molecules, thereby concentrating the drug at a specific anatomic site. This approach appears to be both more effective than untargeted drugs and to have fewer side effects. In this article we review different targeting strategies that have been developed and the evidence supporting the use and benefits of targeted drugs.

https://ift.tt/2lYXHyK

Diagnosis of vertical root fracture in teeth close and distant to implant: an in vitro study to assess the influence of artifacts produced in cone beam computed tomography

Abstract

Objectives

To evaluate the influence of artifacts produced by zirconium implant on the diagnosis of vertical root fracture (VRF) in teeth close and distant to the implant in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. We also determined if kilovoltage (kVp) and metal artifact reduction (MAR) tool could influence this diagnosis.

Materials and methods

Twenty single-root teeth were divided in control and fractured groups (n = 10). The teeth were randomly positioned in the first and second and right and left pre-molar alveoli of a dry human mandible. CBCT exams were acquired using a ProMax 3D unit with varying kVp (70, 80, or 90 kVp), with or without MAR, and with and without a zirconium implant placed in the alveolus of first right molar. The images were evaluated by five observers. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), sensitivity, and specificity were calculated and compared by analysis of variance with a significance level of 5%.

Results

In general, ROC and sensitivity were not affected by the factors studied (p > 0.05). The main effects occurred in specificity; when implant was used without MAR, the values were lower for tooth 45 for all kVps (p = 0.0001).

Conclusions

Artifacts produced in the vicinity of teeth with suspected VRF impair the diagnosis by decreasing the specificity, because they can mimic the VRF line generating false positives. However, MAR improves the specificity, being its use recommended when metallic objects are present near teeth with suspected VRF.

Clinical Relevance

Since nowadays, many patients who undergo CBCT show implants and they definitively produce artifacts, it is important to evaluate the influence of such artifacts in the diagnosis of teeth that are close to the generator-artifact object.

https://ift.tt/2ubEWvD