Ophthalmic features and management of 86 patients with cryptophthalmos-A refined classification to assist in surgical planning

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Ophthalmic features and management of 86 patients with cryptophthalmos-A refined classification to assist in surgical planning Via Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2022 Feb 26:S1748-6815(22)00078-X. doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2022.02.007. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND/AIMS: This study aimed to describe a cohort of patients with cryptophthalmos (CO), characterize associated oculofacial abnormalities, and expand the classification to summarize surgical strategies for managing CO. METHODS: A retrospective, interventional case series was conducted on 86 patients (124 eyes) with CO. The study proposed further classifying complete and incomplete CO into cyst, microphthalmia, anophthalmia, and normal eyeball based on globe structures and then modifying surgery accordingly. The demography, ophthalmic features, systemic anomalies, operation methods, and treatment outcomes were reviewed. RESULTS: CO was complete in seven eyes (5.6%) and incomplete in eight eyes (6.5%). A total of 109 eyes (87.9%) of abortive CO were encountered. Among 15 eyes (13 patients) o f complete and incomplete types, 9 (60.0%) eyeballs were identified as cysts, 3 (20.0%) as microphthalmia, 1 (6.7%) as anophthalmia, and 2 (13.3%) as normal eyeballs. Cyst reduction was performed in eight eyes and one patient underwent enucleation with hydroxyapatite implantation. The socket was fit with an ocular prosthesis or a conformer after fornix and eyelid reconstruction. Microphthalmia was enucleated, and hydroxyapatites were implanted; patients were fit with ocular prosthesis or conformer after fornix and eyelid reconstruction. A complete CO with normal eyeball was reported with the eyesight of hand movement after ocular surface reconstruction. The upper eyelid contour and adequate fornix were maintained after coloboma repair and fornix reconstruction in all patients with abortive CO. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates the clinical manifestations of different types of CO and expands the manifestation spectrum, proposing a refined classification of CO and modifying su rgical strategies accordingly. PMID:35305918 | DOI:10.1016/j.bjps.2022.02.007 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

The effects of Cricothyroid Visor Maneuver (CVM) therapy on the voice characteristics of patients with muscular tension dysphonia: A Case Series Study

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader The effects of Cricothyroid Visor Maneuver (CVM) therapy on the voice characteristics of patients with muscular tension dysphonia: A Case Series Study Via Voice Publication date: Available online 20 March 2022 Source: Journal of Voice Author(s): Shahouzaie Nasrin, Dehqan Ali, Jamali Jamshid, Ghaemi Hamed, Rasoulian Bashir, Ghaemi Hamide View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Hyperexcitability in adult mice with severe deficiency in NaV1.2 channels

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Hyperexcitability in adult mice with severe deficiency in Na<sub>V</sub>1.2 channels Via International Journal of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Pharmacology Int J Physiol Pathophysiol Pharmacol. 2022 Feb 15;14(1):55-59. eCollection 2022. ABSTRACT Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological diseases. Epileptic individuals are faced with seizures, which are largely caused by enhanced neuronal excitability and/or decreased neuronal inhibitory activity. SCN2A encodes a neuronal voltage-gated sodium channel, NaV1.2 that is primarily found in excitatory neurons throughout the brain. NaV1.2 is most concentrated within the principal neurons of the corticostriatal circuit, which includes pyramidal neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex and medium spiny neurons in the striatum. In the early stage of adult development, the NaV1.2 channel plays critical roles in generation and propagation of action potentials in these neurons. Gain of Function variants of SCN2A results in unprovoked seizures and epilepsy, while loss-of-function variants of SCN2A is a leading cause for autism spectrum disorder as well as intellectual disability. Previous studies have shown that full deletion of Scn2a gene in mice is lethal and partial disruption of Scn2a gene (less than 50%) leads to inhibition of neuronal excitability. A recent study from Dr. Yang's laboratory revealed an unexpected result from mice with severe NaV1.2 deficiency and they demonstrated that severe deletion of Scn2a gene (around 68% gene disruption) in NaV1.2 triggers neuronal hyperexcitability in adult mice. Their findings may explain the puzzling clinical observation that certain individuals with NaV1.2 deficiency still develop unprovoked seizure. With the knowledge that using sodium-channel blockers simply exacerbates the seizure, the need for understanding the intrinsic nature of the NaV1.2 channel provides an important research topic in the future. PMID:35310859 | PMC:PMC8918607 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Immune system response to isometric handgrip exercise and effects of duration and intensity of the exercise protocol on selected immune system parameters in prehypertensives

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Immune system response to isometric handgrip exercise and effects of duration and intensity of the exercise protocol on selected immune system parameters in prehypertensives Via International Journal of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Pharmacology Int J Physiol Pathophysiol Pharmacol. 2022 Feb 15;14(1):24-32. eCollection 2022. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Recent studies have shown that physical exercise significantly modulates immunocyte dynamics and possibly plays a significant role on immune function. This study examined the responses of some selected immune system parameters to isometric handgrip exercise and identified possible effects of intensity and duration of the exercise protocols. METHODS: One hundred and ninety-two (N=192) sedentary pre-hypertensive subjects, aged between 30-50 years were recruited into the study. They were randomly distributed into three groups of 64 subjects each. A detailed explanation and a demonstration of the exercise protocol were given to the subjects and they were asked to report at the Exercise Physiology unit of the Physiotherapy department, Federal Medical Centre, Asaba, Delta State at 4.00 pm daily for the exercise practice. The training s ession for each day took place between the hours of 4.00 pm and 8.00 pm daily (FMC/ASB/A81.VOL.XII/101). The subjects performed a 24 consecutive day's isometric handgrip exercise at 30% Maximum Voluntary Contraction (MVC). At the end of the 24 days, group one (GP1) discontinued with the exercise protocol, while group two (GP2) and group three (GP3) continued with the exercise protocol for another 24 consecutive days nevertheless GP3 performed at an increased intensity of 50% MVC. The clinical trial was registered with Nigeria Clinical Trial Registry, Federal Ministry of Health, Abuja Nigeriawith Trial No: 1216582 (https://www.nctr.nhrec.net/viewTrials.php?TID=1216582). RESULTS: At the end of the study, the result shows thatthe number of CD4 cells and CD4/CD8 ratio significantly (P<0.05) increased while the CD8 cell decreased in GP2 and GP3. It was further shown that increase in duration produced a more significant change compared to an increase in intensity of the isometric effort. CONCLUSION: The study established that isometric handgrip exercise alters the circulating levels of the immune system parameters which could have positive beneficial effects on the prehypertensive individuals as the number of CD4 cells and CD4/CD8 ratio increased especially when practiced over a longer duration. PMID:35310864 | PMC:PMC8918609 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Laboratory and imaging findings of necrotizing otitis externa are associated with pathogen type and disease outcome: A retrospective analysis

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Laboratory and imaging findings of necrotizing otitis externa are associated with pathogen type and disease outcome: A retrospective analysis Via ear nose throat Ear Nose Throat J. 2022 Mar 19:1455613221080973. doi: 10.1177/01455613221080973. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To examine associations of laboratory and imaging data with diagnostic parameters of necrotizing otitis externa (NOE) and its severity, and to compare between bacterial and fungal infections. METHODS: Records of patients diagnosed with NOE during 2010-2018 at the Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery were reviewed retrospectively for demographics; disease characteristics; and laboratory, scintigraphy, and imaging results. RESULTS: Of 48 patients with NOE, the mean age is 73±11.6 years; 32 (67%) were males; 83% had diabetes mellitus. Common pathogens were pseudomonas (49%) and fungi (33%). Sensitivities of the technetium-scan (SPECT ratio ≥1.5), temporal bone computed tomography (CT), and gallium-scan (SPECT ratio ≥1.3) were: 78.7%, 48.8%, and 31.4%, respectively. Gallium-scan results correlated positively with CT bone involvement (p=0.002) and hospital length of stay (p=0.0014). C-reactive protein (CRP) level correlated with hospital length of stay (p=0.028) and positive technetium-scan results (p=0.012). Fungal infection had a higher technetium SPECT ratio (2.16 vs. 1.77, p=0.04), gallium SPECT ratio (1.4 vs. 1.2, p=0.02), longer duration of systemic treatment (87.4 vs. 37.9 days, p=0.014), and longer hospital length of stay (31.6 vs. 15.2 days, p=0.004) compared to non-fungal infection. Eight (17%) patients had responded poorly to treatment. Fungal pathogens, facial nerve paresis, extra-auricular, and bilateral disease were more prevalent among the non-responders. CONCLUSION: The technetium scan has higher sensitivity than temporal bone CT for diagnosing NOE. The gallium scan and CRP correlated well with hospital length of stay. A high rate of fungal infection was found, with significantly higher technetium and gallium SPECT ratios and worse outcome compared to bacterial infection. Fungal NOE remains therapeutically challenging. PMID:35311376 | DOI:10.1177/01455613221080973 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.