Head and Neck Medicine by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis: 12/15/15

Τρίτη 15 Δεκεμβρίου 2015

OtoRhinoLaryngology & Medicine,New Articles,December 16th,2015

Acidophilic actinobacteria synthesised silver nanoparticles showed remarkable activity against fungi-causing superficial mycoses in humans

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοΛοίμωξηΠριν από 4 δευτερόλεπτα

Summary Superficial mycoses are limited to the most external part of the skin and hair and caused by *Malassezia* sp., *Trichophyton* sp. and *Candida* sp. We report extracellular biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by acidophilic actinobacteria (SF23, C9) and its *in vitro* antifungal activity against fungi-causing superficial mycoses. The phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strains SF23 and C9 showed that they are most closely related to *Pilimelia columellifera* subsp. *pallida* GU269552T. The detection of AgNPs was confirmed by visual observat...περισσότερα »

Systematic review with meta-analysis: 10- or 14-day sequential therapy vs. 14-day triple therapy in the first line treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοΘεραπείαΠριν από 10 δευτερόλεπτα

Summary Background Whether 10-day or 14-day sequential therapy is superior to 14-day triple therapy in the first-line treatment of *Helicobacter pylori* remains controversial. Aim To compare the efficacy of 10-day or 14-day sequential therapy vs. 14-day triple therapy. Methods Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing 10-day or 14-day sequential therapy and 14-day triple therapy as first-line treatment in adults were searched from the PubMed and Cochrane databases from 2000 to October 2015. Abstracts from international annual conferences were also searched. The primary and... περισσότερα »

Systematic review with meta-analysis: the diagnostic accuracy of transient elastography for the staging of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοΘεραπείαΠριν από 10 δευτερόλεπτα

Summary Background Transient elastography is a non-invasive method for staging liver fibrosis. The meta-analysis using the hierarchical models to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of transient elastography for the staging of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B was rarely reported. Aim A meta-analysis using the hierarchical models was performed to assess transient elastography for diagnosing and stage liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Methods Electronic databases were searched and studies were identified to assess the diagnostic accuracy of tran... περισσότερα »

The Use of High-Density SNP Array to Map Homozygosity in Consanguineous Families to Efficiently Identify Candidate Genes: Application to Woodhouse-Sakati Syndrome.

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοΑκοή και ΙσορροπίαΠριν από 17 δευτερόλεπτα

*The Use of High-Density SNP Array to Map Homozygosity in Consanguineous Families to Efficiently Identify Candidate Genes: Application to Woodhouse-Sakati Syndrome.* Case Rep Genet. 2015;2015:169482 Authors: Sheridan MB, Wohler E, Batista DA, Applegate C, Hoover-Fong J Abstract Two consanguineous Qatari siblings presented for evaluation: a 17-4/12-year-old male with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, alopecia, intellectual disability, and microcephaly and his 19-year-old sister with primary amenorrhea, alopecia, and normal cognition. Both required hormone treatment to produce second...περισσότερα »

First independent replication of the involvement of LARS2 in Perrault syndrome by whole-exome sequencing of an Italian family.

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοΑκοή και ΙσορροπίαΠριν από 17 δευτερόλεπτα

*First independent replication of the involvement of LARS2 in Perrault syndrome by whole-exome sequencing of an Italian family.* J Hum Genet. 2015 Dec 10; Authors: Soldà G, Caccia S, Robusto M, Chiereghin C, Castorina P, Ambrosetti U, Duga S, Asselta R Abstract Perrault syndrome (MIM #233400) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by ovarian dysgenesis and primary ovarian insufficiency in females, and progressive hearing loss in both genders. Recently, mutations in five genes (HSD17B4, HARS2, CLPP, LARS2 and C10ORF2) were found to be responsible for Perrault syndro... περισσότερα »

Hemangioma of the soft palate

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 20 δευτερόλεπτα

Hemangioma of the soft palate: Multifocal oropharyngeal hemangioma occurs infrequently. The differential diagnosis may include arteriovenous malformation, telangiectasia, pyogenic granuloma, and angiosarcoma. Historically, intervention for inconspicuous cases is not required. - read more

Sensorineural hearing loss associated with a factitious disorder

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 21 δευτερόλεπτα

Sensorineural hearing loss associated with a factitious disorder: *ENT Journal * Abstract Factitious disorders are characterized by intentionally abnormal physical and/or psychological behavior, and affected patients often make up their symptoms and clinical histories. The most serious and chronic type of factitious disorder is Munchausen syndrome. We report the case of a 24-year-old woman with a 2-year history of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) who later confessed to feigning her hearing loss. She was eventually diagnosed with a factitious disorder. During those 2 years, she w...περισσότερα »

Pemphigus vulgaris: An underdiagnosed cause of oral ulcer

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 21 δευτερόλεπτα

Pemphigus vulgaris: An underdiagnosed cause of oral ulcer: *ENT Journal provides full text articles to our registered members.Please log in or sign up for a FREE membership to view the full content:* - REGISTER AS A MEMBER - If you are already registered, SIGN IN *You may also like to:* - Sign Up For The Free eNews Letter read more

Raeder syndrome (paratrigeminal oculosympathetic syndrome)

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 21 δευτερόλεπτα

Raeder syndrome: Paratrigeminal oculosympathetic syndrome presenting as a manifestation of chronic sinusitis: *ENT Journal * Abstract Raeder syndrome (paratrigeminal oculosympathetic syndrome) is a rare clinical entity characterized by ipsilateral trigeminal sensory deficits, ptosis, and miosis, with an absence of anhidrosis secondary to interruption of the postganglionic oculosympathetic pathway. Going back to its original description, this constellation of physical examination findings has historically been associated with intracranial pathology involving the middle cranial fo... περισσότερα »

Sublingual hematoma as a manifestation of child abuse

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 21 δευτερόλεπτα

Two cases of sublingual hematoma as a manifestation of child abuse: *ENT Journal * Abstract Common intraoral manifestations of child abuse include tears of the frenula, burns, and pharyngeal perforations. Sublingual hematomas can also occur as a result of trauma, but to the best of our knowledge, only 1 case has been previously described in the context of child abuse. We report 2 new cases of sublingual hematoma in infants that were the result of physical abuse. Cases of sublingual hematoma in infants and children without a clear and legitimate explanation of the cause should pro...περισσότερα »

Tongue base sialolipoma

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 23 δευτερόλεπτα

An unusual tongue base mass in an infant: Tongue base sialolipoma: *ENT Journal * Sialolipoma is a rare tumor that occurs in the head and neck. We present a case arising from a minor salivary gland in an infant. The 6-month-old infant presented with difficulty swallowing, frequent reflux, and snoring that had been worsening several weeks before presentation. Physical examination showed a large mass arising from the tongue base. The patient was taken to the operating room for transoral removal of a presumed cyst. Histologic examination of the lesion showed a well-circumscribed lesio... περισσότερα »

Eosinophilic fasciitis with severe joint contracture in a patient with bladder cancer and B-cell lymphoma

fasoladaellinikiστοOTOLARYNGOLOGY LIFELONG LEARNING : OTOLARYNGOLOGY BY ALEXANDROS SFAKIANAKIS,GREECE CRETE,ANAPAFSEOS 5 AGIOS NIKOLAOS 72100,TEL : 00302841026182,00306932607174Πριν από 23 δευτερόλεπτα

from #Dermatology via alexandrossfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1NwqbEO via IFTTT from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1m6hPwz via IFTTT

Burn wound cooling with tap water: is it safe in developing countries or not?

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AHI Outcomes Are Superior after Upper Airway Reconstructive Surgery in Adult CPAP Failure Patients

Objective This study aims to evaluate Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI) outcomes of upper airway adult obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) reconstructive surgery, as compared with outcomes of suboptimal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy, in response to reviews claiming unreliable surgical AHI reduction. Study Design Prospective cohort study. Setting Single-surgeon series at medical centers within Wollongong, Australia. […]

Olfactory Neuroblastoma: Fate of the Neck–A Long-term Multicenter Retrospective Study

Objective Olfactory neuroblastoma and the management of neck disease has posed considerable challenges to the treating physician. The aims of the study were to determine the incidence and factors influencing neck disease and to identify at-risk patients with cervical node–negative disease at presentation. Study Design Multicenter case series with retrospective chart review. Setting and Subjects […]

Phase I Chemoprevention Trial With Green Tea Polyphenon E & Erlotinib in Patients With Premalignant Lesions of the Head & Neck

Conditions: Cancer of Head and Neck; Neoplasms, Head and Neck Interventions: Drug: Erlotinib; Dietary Supplement: Green Tea Polyphenon E Sponsors: Emory University; Astellas Pharma Inc; Polyphenon Pharma Recruiting – verified December 2015 from #Medicine-SfakianakisAlexandros via o.lakala70 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1Yjqb00 via IFTTT from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1m6hNEJ via IFTTT

Next-generation sequencing in routine brain tumor diagnostics enables an integrated diagnosis and identifies actionable targets

Abstract With the number of prognostic and predictive genetic markers in neuro-oncology steadily growing, the need for comprehensive molecular analysis of neuropathology samples has vastly increased. We therefore developed a customized enrichment/hybrid-capture-based next-generation sequencing (NGS) gene panel comprising the entire coding and selected intronic and promoter regions of 130 genes recurrently altered in brain tumors, […]

Astrocytes: a central element in neurological diseases

Abstract The neurone-centred view of the past disregarded or downplayed the role of astroglia as a primary component in the pathogenesis of neurological diseases. As this concept is changing, so is also the perceived role of astrocytes in the healthy and diseased brain and spinal cord. We have started to unravel the different signalling mechanisms […]

A novel method for left anterior coronary artery flow velocity assessment by transthoracic echocardiography at the peak of a supine bicycle test

Background Assessment of coronary flow is only performed during pharmacological tests. Supine bicycle tests permit the visualization of coronary flow assessments during exercise. Purpose To assess the parameters of coronary flow in the left anterior descending artery (LAD) during exercise, which could be a sign of significant LAD narrowing. Material and Methods A total of […]

A spontaneous metastasis model reveals the significance of claudin-9 overexpression in lung cancer metastasis

Abstract Metastasis causes most cancer related mortality but the mechanisms governing metastatic dissemination are poorly defined. Metastasis involves egression of cancer cells from the primary tumors, their survival in circulation and colonization at the secondary sites. Cancer cell egression from the primary tumor is the least defined process of metastasis as experimental metastasis models directly […]

Linking Cancer and Polycystic Kidney Disease

Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is one of the most common inherited diseases—a parent with PKD has a 50 percent chance of passing the disease on to their child.12/15/2015 (Source: Kidney Cancer Association) from #Medicine-SfakianakisAlexandros via o.lakala70 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1P6YTtf via IFTTT from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1m6hPwm via IFTTT

Transient changes in acoustic parameters occur in children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 25 δευτερόλεπτα

Impact of adenotonsillectomy on vocal emission in children via ScienceDirect Publication: Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Publication date: Available online 14 December 2015 *Source:*Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Author(s): Spyros Cardoso Dimatos, Luciano Rodrigues Neves, Jéssica Monique Beltrame, Renata R. Azevedo, Shirley Shizue Nagata Pignatari IntroductionAdenotonsillectomy is the most common surgery performed by otolaryngologists in pediatric age, and one of the most frequently asked questions about the postoperative period is whether there is a potential for ch... περισσότερα »

Acta Otorrinolaringológica Española

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 25 δευτερόλεπτα

Artículo especial 1. - - Encuesta sobre la situación de la otoneurología en EspañaOriginal Research Article - *Pages 309-315* - Oscar Alemán-López, Hermino Pérez-Garríguez, Paz Pérez-Vásquez, Ismael Arán-González, Eduardo Martin-Sanz - - Abstract - Purchase PDF - $35.95 - Supplementary content - Not entitled to full text 2. - - Comentario editorial: «Encuesta sobre la situación de la Otoneurología en España» - *Pages 315-316* - - - First page PD... περισσότερα »

Epistaxis secondary to internal cartoid artery aneurysm

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 27 δευτερόλεπτα

Epistaxis secundaria a aneurisma de arteria carótida interna via Acta Otorrinolaringológica Española Publication date: Available online 15 December 2015 *Source:*Acta Otorrinolaringológica Española Author(s): Alejandra Osorio Velásquez, Carlos Miguel Chiesa Estomba, Isabel Rocío González Guijarro [image: Image for figure Figura 1] [image: Image for figure Figura 2] [image: Image for figure Figura 3]

FEES bei Säuglingen mit Schluckstörungen – wie sinnvoll ist die Untersuchung?

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 27 δευτερόλεπτα

FEES bei Säuglingen mit Schluckstörungen – wie sinnvoll ist die Untersuchung?: Laryngo-Rhino-Otol DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1555886 Hintergrund: Die FEES hat sich auch im Kindesalter als valide instrumentelle Schluckuntersuchung etabliert, ihre Wertigkeit in der Diagnostik bei Säuglingen ist dagegen noch unklar. Ziel der vorliegenden prospektiven Studie war es, Möglichkeiten und Grenzen des endoskopischen Verfahrens im Säuglingsalter zu prüfen. Patienten und Methodik: Im Zeitraum von 11/2011 bis 3/2015 wurden 27 Säuglinge eines stationären neuropädiatrischen Krankengutes mit der FEES u... περισσότερα »

Stationäre Speicheldrüsenoperationen in Deutschland Eine DRG-basierte Analyse der Jahre 2007–2011

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 27 δευτερόλεπτα

Stationäre Speicheldrüsenoperationen in Deutschland Eine DRG-basierte Analyse der Jahre 2007–2011: Laryngo-Rhino-Otol DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-107558 Hintergrund: Es gibt bislang keine deutschlandweite epidemiologische Untersuchung zu Speicheldrüsenoperationen. Methoden: Die bundesweite Diagnosis-Related Groups (DRG)-Statistik der Jahre 2007–2011 wurde ausgewertet hinsichtlich der Indikationen auf Basis der ICD-10-Codes. Es wurde Operationsraten pro 100 000 Personenjahre für beide Geschlechter und in Alterskohorten berechnet. Ergebnisse: Die durchschnittlichen deutschlandweiten stationär... περισσότερα »

Evaluation und Optimierung arterieller Anastomosen durch Transit-Zeit Flussvolumenmessungen

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 27 δευτερόλεπτα

Evaluation und Optimierung arterieller Anastomosen durch Transit-Zeit Flussvolumenmessungen: Laryngo-Rhino-Otol DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1564186 Einleitung: Transit-Zeit-Flussvolumenmessungen haben in der Kardiochirurgie zur Verbesserung der Ergebnisse koronarer Bypassoperationen geführt. Unsere prospektive Studie soll klären, ob das Messverfahren auch zur Evaluation und Optimierung arterieller Anastomosen von Radialislappen geeignet ist. Methode: Verwendet wurde ein ultraschallgestütztes Durchflussmessgerät (VeriQ, MediStim) bei 15 Radialislappenplastiken. Der durchschnittliche Blutvo...περισσότερα »

Direct Drive Simulation – Klangsimulation des Vibrant Soundbridge®-Hörens

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 27 δευτερόλεπτα

Direct Drive Simulation – Klangsimulation des Vibrant Soundbridge®-Hörens: Laryngo-Rhino-Otol DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1564262 Hintergrund: Die sog. Direct-Drive-Simulation (DDS-Test) soll eine präoperative Klangsimulation des Vibrant Soundbridge® (VSB) -Hörens bieten. Bislang existiert keine wissenschaftliche Beurteilung zur Aussagekraft dieses Tests. Ebenso liegt keine strukturierte Beschreibung der Testdurchführung vor. Ziel der Arbeit war die systematische Evaluation der Aussagekraft und Validität des DDS-Tests und die detaillierte Beschreibung der Durchführung. Material und Methode...περισσότερα »

Schleimhautmelanome des Kopf-Hals-Bereichs

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 27 δευτερόλεπτα

Schleimhautmelanome des Kopf-Hals-Bereichs: Laryngo-Rhino-Otol 2015; 94: 812-818 DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1565056 Mukosale Melanome des Kopf-Hals-Bereichs stellen sehr seltene, wenig erforschte Malignome dar, welche sich durch ein aggressives Wachstum, eine hohe Rate an lokoregionären Rezidiven und eine schlechte Prognose charakterisieren lassen. Bisher konnten keine Risikofaktoren für deren Entstehung identifiziert werden. Der Tumor tritt klassischerweise erst in fortgeschrittenem Stadium durch Symptome wie Epistaxis nasi oder nasale Obstruktion in Erscheinung und ist per Definition mi... περισσότερα »

Laryngo-Rhino-Otologie

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 27 δευτερόλεπτα

Kommentar der Schriftleitung Liebe Leserinnen und Leser! Video-Editorial www.thieme.de/lro das letzte Heft des Jahres 2015 beginnt in „Referiert und diskutiert“ mit einem von den Diskutanten gelobten Beitrag zu speziellen perioperativen Risiken bei der Tracheostomie von adipösen Patienten (zu den Risikofaktoren gibt es auch einen interessanten Index: 1). Braucht man nach Ohroperationen wirklich eine Ohrtamponade? Darum geht es in dem zweiten Diskussionsbeitrag. Die Fragestellung sei sinnvoll, meinen die Diskutanten, doch beantworte die vorgestellte Studie die Frage nicht. Tracheostom...περισσότερα »

Diagnostische Zuverlässigkeit des LiSe-DaZ bei Kindern mit schwerer Sprachentwicklungsstörung

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 30 δευτερόλεπτα

Diagnostische Zuverlässigkeit des LiSe-DaZ bei Kindern mit schwerer Sprachentwicklungsstörung: Laryngo-Rhino-Otol 2015; 94: 833-839 DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1555786 Hintergrund: Bislang liegen nur wenige Sprachentwicklungstests für 2- oder mehrsprachig aufwachsende Kinder in Deutschland vor. Der hierfür entwickelte LiSe-DaZ (Linguistische Sprachstandserhebung – Deutsch als Zweitsprache) wurde in einer prospektiven Evaluationsstudie daraufhin untersucht, ob er bei Kindern im Alter von 5 bis 7 Jahren mit schweren Sprachentwicklungsstörungen eingesetzt werden kann und ob mit ihm sprachauf... περισσότερα »

Nicht-allergische Rhinitis

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 30 δευτερόλεπτα

Nicht-allergische Rhinitis: Epidemiologie, Diagnostik und Therapie: Laryngo-Rhino-Otol 2015; 94: 847-863 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-107489 Die nicht-allergische Rhinitis umfasst eine heterogene Gruppe von Erkrankungen, denen eine nicht-IgE-vermittelte Pathophysiologie zugrunde liegt. In der vorliegenden Übersichtsarbeit werden die typischen Vertreter dieser Gruppe mit Häufigkeit und Symptomatik aufgezeigt, Empfehlungen zur sensitiven und rationalen Diagnostik vermittelt und die therapeutischen Optionen auf der Basis der aktuellen wissenschaftlichen Literatur vorgestellt. Der häufigste Sub...περισσότερα »

How to convert an LMA to an endotracheal tube while ventilating

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 30 δευτερόλεπτα

How to convert an LMA to an endotracheal tube while ventilating: Listen and watch this EMCrit video on how to convert an LMA to an endotracheal tube.

Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome with Mandibular Repositioning Appliance

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 30 δευτερόλεπτα

Predictors of Success in the Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome with Mandibular Repositioning Appliance: A Systematic Review: Introduction Foreign body in the oral cavity may be asymptomatic for long time and only sometimes it can lead to a typical granulomatous foreign body reaction. Some patients may complain of oral pain and present signs of inflammation with purulent discharge. A granuloma is a distinct, compact microscopic structure composed of epithelioid-shaped macrophages typically surrounded by a rim of lymphocytes and filled with fibroblasts and collagen. Nowaday...περισσότερα »

Determinants of Obesity in Italian Adults: The Role of Taste Sensitivity, Food Liking, and Food Neophobia

alsfakianakisστοOtolaryngology lifelong learning : Otolaryngology by Alexandros Sfakianakis,Greece Crete,Anapafseos 5 Agios Nikolaos 72100,tel : 00302841026182,00306932607174Πριν από 33 δευτερόλεπτα

Spondyloepiphyseal Dysplasia Congenita in a painting of Vicente López y Portaña (1825)

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Positive effect of combined exercise training in a model of metabolic syndrome and menopause: autonomic, inflammatory, and oxidative stress evaluations

It is now well established that after menopause cardiometabolic disorders become more common. Recently, resistance exercise has been recommended as a complement to aerobic (combined training, CT) for the treatment of cardiometabolic diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of CT in hypertensive ovariectomized rats undergoing fructose overload in blood pressure […]

Aging augments renal vasoconstrictor response to orthostatic stress in humans

The ability of the human body to maintain arterial blood pressure (BP) during orthostatic stress is determined by several reflex neural mechanisms. Renal vasoconstriction progressively increases during graded elevations in lower body negative pressure (LBNP). This sympathetically mediated response redistributes blood flow to the systemic circulation to maintain BP. However, how healthy aging affects the […]

Increased placental fatty acid transporter 6 and binding protein 3 expression and fetal liver lipid accumulation in a mouse model of obesity in pregnancy

Obesity in pregnancy is associated with increased fetal growth and adiposity, which, in part, is determined by transplacental nutrient supply. Trophoblast uptake and intracellular trafficking of lipids are dependent on placental fatty acid transport proteins (FATP), translocase (FAT/CD36), and fatty acid binding proteins (FABP). We hypothesized that maternal obesity in mice leads to increased placental […]

Nonlinear identification of the total baroreflex arc

The total baroreflex arc [the open-loop system relating carotid sinus pressure (CSP) to arterial pressure (AP)] is known to exhibit nonlinear behaviors. However, few studies have quantitatively characterized its nonlinear dynamics. The aim of this study was to develop a nonlinear model of the sympathetically mediated total arc without assuming any model form. Normal rats […]

ANG II-induced hypertension in the VCD mouse model of menopause is prevented by estrogen replacement during perimenopause

Premenopausal females are resistant to the development of hypertension, and this protection is lost after the onset of menopause, resulting in a sharp increase in disease onset and severity. However, it is unknown how a fluctuating ovarian hormone environment during the transition from perimenopause to menopause impacts the onset of hypertension, and whether interventions during […]

Increased systolic load causes adverse remodeling of fetal aortic and mitral valves

While abnormal hemodynamic forces alter fetal myocardial growth, little is known about whether such insults affect fetal cardiac valve development. We hypothesized that chronically elevated systolic load would detrimentally alter fetal valve growth. Chronically instrumented fetal sheep received either a continuous infusion of adult sheep plasma to increase fetal blood pressure, or a lactated Ringer’s […]

Opposing tissue-specific roles of angiotensin in the pathogenesis of obesity, and implications for obesity-related hypertension

Metabolic disease, specifically obesity, has now become the greatest challenge to improving cardiovascular health. The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) exists as both a circulating hormone system and as a local paracrine signaling mechanism within various tissues including the brain, kidney, and adipose, and this system is strongly implicated in cardiovascular health and disease. Growing evidence also […]

In vivo evidence for unidentified leptin-induced circulating factors that control white fat mass

Fat transplants increase body fat mass without changing the energy status of an animal and provide a tool for investigating control of total body fat. Early transplant studies found that small pieces of transplanted fat took on the morphology of the transplant recipient. Experiments described here tested whether this response was dependent upon expression of […]