Surgery of benign thyroid disease by ENT/head and neck surgeons and general surgeons: 233 cases of vocal fold paralysis in 3509 patients

Abstract

Purpose

Thyroid surgery is mainly performed by general surgeons (GS). The aim of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficiency of thyroid surgery by ENT/head and neck surgeons (ENT), especially regarding the incidence of vocal fold palsy (VFP).

Methods

We retrospectively analysed 3509 patients (69.0% female) who underwent surgery for benign thyroid diseases (56.8% nodular goitre, 18.6% inactive nodes, 14.0% thyroid autonomy, 7.0% Graves' disease). Operations were mainly performed with intraoperative neuromonitoring by GS (n = 1933) or physicians trained for head and neck surgery (n = 1576). 18.7% of the procedures were carried out by residents in training.

Results

VFP occurred in 233 subjects (6.6%); 6.2% in females and 7.6% in males. A lower rate (p < 0.001) was observed in operations performed by ENT (4.7%) than by GS (8.2%). No increased incidence of VFP was seen for surgeries performed by physicians in training (6.2%, n = 657). Prevalence of VFP was not different for minimally invasive (6.3%, n = 950) and conventional surgery (6.8%, n = 2559), but higher in total (7.2%, n = 1916) than in subtotal thyroidectomy (5.0%, n = 997). Postoperative haemorrhage (5.6 vs. 1.9%) and hypocalcaemia < 2.0 mmol/l (32.8 vs. 22.0%) were documented more frequently in patients with VFP, also substitution therapy with calcium (23.2 vs. 14.7%) and dihydrotachysterol (8.1 vs. 3.7%) had to be applied more frequently.

Conclusion

Thyroid surgery performed by surgeons specifically trained for ENT/head and neck surgery is safe and has a significantly reduced rate of VFP. VFP is associated with other complications (postoperative haemorrhaging, hypocalcaemia).

https://ift.tt/2Mfao3K

Comparison of bone adaptation after modification in Biomet standard alloplastic temporomandibular joint prostheses

Publication date: Available online 3 August 2018

Source: Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery

Author(s): Jieyun Zhao, Luxiang Zou, Dongmei He, Edward Ellis

Summary

Purpose

The aim of the study was to compare bone adaptation after design modification in Biomet stock prostheses.

Materials and Methods

Computed tomography (CT) data of the patients treated with a Biomet TMJ replacement from 2010 to 2016 were recruited. Fossa prosthesis with a bulge and 4 types of condyle-ramus angle prostheses were virtually designed and implanted by computer-assisted simulation. The amount of bone trimming including fossa, mandibular ramus and bone graft were measured by ProPlan CMF 1.4 software. The differences between the original and modified prostheses were compared by SPSS 17.0 software for statistical analysis.

Results

There were 54 patients' CT data included in the study. The amount of fossa bone trimming was 150.20mm³ in the modified prosthesis and 281.82mm³ in the original one. The amount of ramus bone trimming was 103.86mm³ in the modified prosthesis and 229.45mm³ in the original one. The amount of fossa bone grafting was 95.88mm³ in the modified prosthesis and 263.03mm³ in the original one. There were significant differences between them (p=0.000).

Conclusions

The modified Biomet prostheses design requires less bone trimming and grafting for implantation.

https://ift.tt/2AyFCkY

The clinical value of serum squamous cell carcinoma antigens 1 and 2 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Publication date: Available online 2 August 2018

Source: Auris Nasus Larynx

Author(s): Ryuji Yasumatsu, Takafumi Nakano, Kazuki Hashimoto, Ryunosuke Kogo, Takahiro Wakasaki, Takashi Nakagawa

Abstract

Objective

The usefulness of pretreatment measurement of SCC antigen in patients with head and neck SCC is still controversial. Our aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical usefulness of serum SCC antigen, SCCA1 and SCCA2 in the management of patients with head and neck SCC.

Methods

Serum samples for the analysis of SCCA1, SCCA2 and SCC antigen were taken from head and neck SCC patients before treatment. Serum SCC antigen was assayed with a solid phase immunoradiometric assay. The SCCA1 and SCCA2 protein level was determined by a sandwich ELISA.

Results

Fifty-two of 96 cases (54%) showed evaluated serum SCC antigen levels above the upper limit. The serum SCCA2 level was significantly higher in the head and neck SCC patients than in control group, whereas there were no significant differences in the serum SCCA1 level between head and neck SCC patients and control group. 72% of head and neck SCC patients demonstrated SCCA2 levels higher than 0.15, whereas 68% of the control subjects had SCCA2 levels less than 0.15.

Conclusion

The serum SCCA2 levels were increased during the progression of cancer and might be a useful tool for the management of head and neck SCC.

https://ift.tt/2M02KNZ

Teaching in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Training Programs: A Resident Perspective

Publication date: Available online 3 August 2018

Source: Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Author(s): Mina D. Fahmy

https://ift.tt/2n40ase

Study the Role of Nasal Scrap Cytology in Allergic Rhinitis Patients in Rural Population

Abstract

Allergic Rhinitis is one of the gift of modern era. Condition is involving wide range of age group starting from children to old age people. In spite of latest diagnostic facility and advanced treatment, it is still a great challenge for the otorhinolaryngologist. This study was done to perform simple and cost effective test to understand the severity of Allergic Rhinitis. To investigate the patients of allergic rhinitis with specific focus on nasal scrape cytology. After applying inclusion and exclusion criterion were found suitable and hence selected for the present study. 100 patients who were clinically diagnosed on history and examination as allergic rhinitis were included as cases while control group consisted of 100 subjects having no symptoms of allergic rhinitis. These patients were a subjected to nasal scrape cytology for which Cytobrush Plus (Medscand Cell Sampling Kit), Malmo, Sweden, was employed. Mucosal specimens were acquired by scraping the surfaces of the middle thirds of inferior turbinates with Cytobrush Plus (Medscand Cell Sampling Kit), Malmo, Sweden. The samples thus obtained were transferred onto glass slides to be fixed in 95% ethyl alcohol and stained with May Gurwald Gimesa stain to study pattern and profile of different types of cells like eosinophils, goblet cells, mast cells. The nasal eosinophils were studied under 1000 × magnification of light microscope 10-well spread, high power epithelium fields were examined and the quantitative score of nasal eosinophils was rated according to a scale described by Meltzer. In study group all 100 patients underwent nasal scrape cytology. 25 (25%) patients in study group showed grade 1 + nasal eosinophilia followed by grade ½ + in 24 (24%), grade 0 in 22 (22%) and grade 2 + in 21 (21%). In control group 80% of subjects had grade 0 nasal eosinophilia. Difference between nasal eosinophilia in the study and the control group were found to be statistically significant. In study group 54% showed grading > 0.5 + whereas 46% showed ≤ 0.5 + . The sensitivity and specificity were observed to be 54% and 100% respectively. The results thus found were statistically significant. Nasal scrape cytology which was an added dimension proved to be a more specific than sensitive test. The specificity of nasal scrape cytology in our study was 100%. Sensitivity was only 54%. 22% of the patients of allergic rhinitis showed an eosinophil count more than 300/cu mm.

https://ift.tt/2vgskEG

Study the Role of Nasal Scrap Cytology in Allergic Rhinitis Patients in Rural Population

Abstract

Allergic Rhinitis is one of the gift of modern era. Condition is involving wide range of age group starting from children to old age people. In spite of latest diagnostic facility and advanced treatment, it is still a great challenge for the otorhinolaryngologist. This study was done to perform simple and cost effective test to understand the severity of Allergic Rhinitis. To investigate the patients of allergic rhinitis with specific focus on nasal scrape cytology. After applying inclusion and exclusion criterion were found suitable and hence selected for the present study. 100 patients who were clinically diagnosed on history and examination as allergic rhinitis were included as cases while control group consisted of 100 subjects having no symptoms of allergic rhinitis. These patients were a subjected to nasal scrape cytology for which Cytobrush Plus (Medscand Cell Sampling Kit), Malmo, Sweden, was employed. Mucosal specimens were acquired by scraping the surfaces of the middle thirds of inferior turbinates with Cytobrush Plus (Medscand Cell Sampling Kit), Malmo, Sweden. The samples thus obtained were transferred onto glass slides to be fixed in 95% ethyl alcohol and stained with May Gurwald Gimesa stain to study pattern and profile of different types of cells like eosinophils, goblet cells, mast cells. The nasal eosinophils were studied under 1000 × magnification of light microscope 10-well spread, high power epithelium fields were examined and the quantitative score of nasal eosinophils was rated according to a scale described by Meltzer. In study group all 100 patients underwent nasal scrape cytology. 25 (25%) patients in study group showed grade 1 + nasal eosinophilia followed by grade ½ + in 24 (24%), grade 0 in 22 (22%) and grade 2 + in 21 (21%). In control group 80% of subjects had grade 0 nasal eosinophilia. Difference between nasal eosinophilia in the study and the control group were found to be statistically significant. In study group 54% showed grading > 0.5 + whereas 46% showed ≤ 0.5 + . The sensitivity and specificity were observed to be 54% and 100% respectively. The results thus found were statistically significant. Nasal scrape cytology which was an added dimension proved to be a more specific than sensitive test. The specificity of nasal scrape cytology in our study was 100%. Sensitivity was only 54%. 22% of the patients of allergic rhinitis showed an eosinophil count more than 300/cu mm.

https://ift.tt/2vgskEG

Use of text messaging to improve patient experience and communication with pediatric tonsillectomy patients

Publication date: Available online 3 August 2018

Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology

Author(s): Laurie Newton, Cecille Sulman

Abstract

Objectives

The aims of this quality improvement project were to develop a text messaging service to deliver messages to pediatric tonsillectomy patients to improve communication and overall experience.

Method

Text messages were developed to deliver important information and reminders both preoperatively and postoperatively to pediatric tonsillectomy patients. After success with a small pilot program of five patients, a sample of 85 patients who underwent tonsillectomy participated in the program.

Results

Similar to the pilot program, the larger sample size had no canceled procedures and no visits to the emergency department. Approximately 25% of the participants called the ENT clinic nurse line for a question or concern postoperatively. The majority of phone calls were for concerns with pain or pain medications. Parental survey results were positive with respect to the value and overall helpfulness of the text messages. Respondents found the information useful, easy to understand, and it also helped reduce anxiety or level of worry during and after the surgery. Respondents all felt that the number of messages was just right.

Conclusion

With the explosion of technology and smartphone use, text messaging is an innovative way to provide patient/family education for surgical procedures such as tonsillectomy.

https://ift.tt/2OELxIg

Prevalence of recurrent wheezing during the first year of life in Setúbal district, Portugal

Publication date: Available online 2 August 2018

Source: Allergologia et Immunopathologia

Author(s): Cláudio D'Elia, Javier Mallol, Dirceu Solé

Abstract

Background

Recurrent wheezing during the first year of life is a major cause of respiratory morbidity worldwide, yet there are no studies on its prevalence in Portugal.

Objective

Determine the prevalence and severity of recurrent wheezing, treatments employed and other related aspects, in infants during their first year of life in Setúbal, Portugal.

Methods

This is a cross-sectional study of a random sample of infants aged 12–15 months living in Setúbal district. It uses a validated questionnaire answered by parents/caregivers at local healthcare facilities where infants attend for growth/development monitoring and/or vaccine administration.

Results

Among the 202 infants surveyed, 44.6% (95% CI 37.7–51.4) had at least one episode of wheezing; and 18.3% (95% CI 12.9–23.6) had recurrent wheezing. There was significant morbidity associated to recurrent wheezing in terms of severe episodes (17.3%–95% CI 12–22.5), visits to the emergency department (26.2%–95% CI 20.1–32.2) and hospital admissions (5.4%–95% CI 2.2–8.5); 10.4% (95% CI 6.1–14.6) used inhaled corticosteroids and 7.9% (95% CI 4.1–11.6) used a leukotriene receptor antagonist.

Conclusions

The prevalence of recurrent wheezing in infants during the first year of life is high and is associated with significant morbidity, presenting as a relevant public health problem. An important proportion of infants' progress with a more severe condition, resulting in high use of health resources (visits to emergency department and hospitalisations). The prevalence of recurrent wheezing in this district of Portugal stays between those related in other European and Latin American Centres, suggesting that maybe some of the well-known risk factors are shared with affluent countries.

https://ift.tt/2MfeJEc

Correction to: HPV DNA in saliva from patients with SCC of the head and neck is specific for p16-positive oropharyngeal tumours

Following publication of the original article [1], the authors reported an error in one of the author names. In this Correction the incorrect and correct author names are listed.

https://ift.tt/2LREoa4

Deletion of Rap1b, but not Rap1a or Epac1, Reduces Protein Kinase A–Mediated Thyroid Cancer

Thyroid, Ahead of Print.


https://ift.tt/2AMzKoH

Current Thyrotropin Immunoassays Recognize Macro-Thyrotropin Leading to Hyperthyrotropinemia in Females of Reproductive Age

Thyroid, Ahead of Print.


https://ift.tt/2OztDqx

Using the American Thyroid Association Risk-Stratification System to Refine and Individualize the American Joint Committee on Cancer Eighth Edition Disease-Specific Survival Estimates in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer

Thyroid, Ahead of Print.


https://ift.tt/2ADZWSi

Incidence and Survival of Thyroid Cancer in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults in Denmark: A Nationwide Study from 1980 to 2014

Thyroid, Ahead of Print.


https://ift.tt/2OztyDf

A Novel Homozygous Selenocysteine Insertion Sequence Binding Protein 2 (SECISBP2, SBP2) Gene Mutation in a Turkish Boy

Thyroid, Ahead of Print.


https://ift.tt/2ADZLGC

Pilot trial of the hu14.18-IL2 immunocytokine in patients with completely resectable recurrent stage III or stage IV melanoma

Abstract

Phase I testing of the hu14.18-IL2 immunocytokine (IC) in melanoma patients showed immune activation, reversible toxicities, and a maximal tolerated dose of 7.5 mg/m²/day. Preclinical data in IC-treated tumor-bearing mice with low tumor burden documented striking antitumor effects. Patients with completely resectable recurrent stage III or stage IV melanoma were scheduled to receive 3 courses of IC at 6 mg/m²/day i.v. on days 1, 2 and 3 of each 28-day course. Patients were randomized to complete surgical resection either following neoadjuvant (Group A) or prior to adjuvant (Group B) IC course 1. Primary objectives were to: (1) evaluate histological evidence of anti-tumor activity and (2) evaluate recurrence-free survival (RFS) and OS. Twenty melanoma patients were randomized to Group A (11 patients) or B (9 patients). Two Group B patients did not receive IC due to persistent disease following surgery. Six of 18 IC-treated patients remained free of recurrence, with a median RFS of 5.7 months (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.8-not reached). The 24-month RFS rate was 38.9% (95% CI 17.5–60.0%). The median follow-up of surviving patients was 50.0 months (range: 31.8–70.4). The 24-month OS rate was 65.0% (95% CI 40.3–81.5%). Toxicities were similar to those previously reported. Exploratory tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) analyses suggest prognostic value of TILs from Group A patients. Prolonged tumor-free survival was seen in some melanoma patients at high risk for recurrence who were treated with IC.

https://ift.tt/2MfhO7g

Nasal Tuberculosis in a Teenage Female

Abstract

Although cutaneous tuberculosis (TB) is a rare form of extra-pulmonary TB, lupus vulgaris is the commonest variant of cutaneous TB. We present a 14 year female with non-healing ulcer over the upper lip extending and destroying the collumela and part of anterior nasal septum. Histopathological examination revealed TB as a possible cause of the lesion. Identification of acid-fast bacilli on direct stained smears confirms the diagnosis of TB. Complete healing of the ulcer was achieved with anti-tuberculous regime leaving a residual fibrosis over the site of the ulcer.

https://ift.tt/2LUz30G

Nasal Tuberculosis in a Teenage Female

Abstract

Although cutaneous tuberculosis (TB) is a rare form of extra-pulmonary TB, lupus vulgaris is the commonest variant of cutaneous TB. We present a 14 year female with non-healing ulcer over the upper lip extending and destroying the collumela and part of anterior nasal septum. Histopathological examination revealed TB as a possible cause of the lesion. Identification of acid-fast bacilli on direct stained smears confirms the diagnosis of TB. Complete healing of the ulcer was achieved with anti-tuberculous regime leaving a residual fibrosis over the site of the ulcer.

https://ift.tt/2LUz30G

Plastic Surgery Pioneers of the Central Powers in the Great War

Cranial Maxillofac Trauma Reconstruction
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1660443

Plastic surgical techniques were described in antiquity and the Middle Ages; however, the genesis of modern plastic surgery is in the early 20th century. The exigencies of trench warfare, combined with medical and technological advances at that time, enabled pioneers such as Sir Harold Gillies to establish what is now recognized as plastic and reconstructive surgery. The physicians of Germany, Russia, and the Ottoman Empire were faced with the same challenges; it is fascinating to consider parallel developments in these countries. A literature review was performed relating to the work of Esser, Lanz, Joseph, Morestin, and Filatov. Their original textbooks were reviewed. We describe the clinical, logistical, and psychological approaches to managing plastic surgical patients of these physicians and compare and contrast them to those of the Allies, identifying areas of influence such as Gillies' adoption of Filatov's tube pedicle flap.
[...]

Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Article in Thieme eJournals:
Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text

https://ift.tt/2n5BIGT

Hyponatraemia and seizures in Merrem’s hump-nosed pit viper (Hypnale hypnale) envenoming: a case report

Hump-nosed pit vipers (Genus: Hypnale) are medically important snakes in Sri Lanka and South India. Merrem's Hump-nosed pit viper (Hypnale hypnale) frequently leads to potentially fatal envenomings in Sri Lanka a...

https://ift.tt/2vxjEcv

Comparison of bone adaptation after modification in Biomet standard alloplastic temporomandibular joint prostheses

The aim of the study was to compare bone adaptation after design modification in Biomet stock prostheses.

https://ift.tt/2LLLM6P

The clinical value of serum squamous cell carcinoma antigens 1 and 2 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

The usefulness of pretreatment measurement of SCC antigen in patients with head and neck SCC is still controversial. Our aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical usefulness of serum SCC antigen, SCCA1 and SCCA2 in the management of patients with head and neck SCC.

https://ift.tt/2LSUbEH

Correction to: HPV DNA in saliva from patients with SCC of the head and neck is specific for p16-positive oropharyngeal tumours

Following publication of the original article [1], the authors reported an error in one of the author names. In this Correction the incorrect and correct author names are listed.

https://ift.tt/2OEhlx4

P2X7 receptor is involved in lung injuries induced by ischemia-reperfusion in pulmonary arterial hypertension rats

Publication date: September 2018

Source: Molecular Immunology, Volume 101

Author(s): Lian Duan, Guo-huang Hu, Yi-jin Li, Cheng-liang Zhang, Meng Jiang

Abstract

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disease that ultimately leads to right heart failure and death. Current strategies are ineffective to prevent and cure PAH, especially in those who undergo cardiopulmonary bypass. P2 × 7 receptors (P2 × 7Rs) have been implied to participate in the pathogenesis of PAH and injuries induced by ischemia-reperfusion (IR). In the present study, we aimed to assess the potential therapeutic effects of anti-P2 × 7Rs on PAH and IR-induced lung injuries in rats and explore their underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms. In the present study, we have successfully established rat models with PAH and/or lung IR injuries. Immunohistochemical staining, western blot, and polymerase chain reaction were performed to detect the P2 × 7R expression in these models; P2 × 7R-specific inhibitor, Brilliant Blue G (BBG), was used to antagonize P2 × 7R, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to help evaluate the P2 × 7R-mediated function in PAH with or without IR. Moreover, BBG, SB203580 (p38/MAPK inhibitor), and CD39 (adenosine triphosphate hydrolase) were applied to explore the inner signal pathway in vitro and in vivo. Our findings showed that P2 × 7R was involved in the development of PAH. By applying BBG, we have shown that the severity of PAH and IR was ameliorated through reducing the release of proinflammatory cytokines. Moreover, our results in vitro and in vivo indicated that P2 × 7R regulated the release of inflammatory mediators by the p38/MAPK signal pathway. Most important, CD39 showed the most dominant potential in improving inflammation in lung injuries caused by PAH and IR. In conclusion, the inhibition of P2 × 7R could effectively attenuate inflammation in lung injuries caused by PAH and IR in rats by reducing proinflammatory cytokines through regulating the p38/MAPK pathway.

https://ift.tt/2vbDmLw

Marijuana Use and Psychosocial and QOL Outcomes Among Patients With Head and Neck Cancer

This case-matched cohort study investigates differences in psychosocial and quality of life outcomes between marijuana users and nonusers among patients with newly diagnosed head and neck cancer.

https://ift.tt/2vtR0J9

A Slow-Growing Fibrous Parapharyngeal Mass

A woman in her 60s had a large, nonmobile, firm tumor extending from the postauricular region to the parotid gland, scalp, and neck that had been growing slowly for more than 20 years; she was a former smoker, and there was no palpable lymphadenopathy. What is your diagnosis?

https://ift.tt/2LNyS8k

Cricopharyngeal Muscle Dysfunction Following Hypoglossal Nerve Stimulator Placement

This case report describes a patient with new-onset cricopharyngeus muscle dysfunction after activation of hypoglossal nerve stimulation therapy.

https://ift.tt/2O5zQsZ

Dornase Alfa Ototoxic Effects in Animals and Efficacy for Clogged Tympanostomy Tubes in Children

This pilot study investigates the ototoxic effects of dornase alfa in a chinchilla model and its efficacy vs ofloxacin in a randomized clinical trial of children with clogged tympanostomy tubes.

https://ift.tt/2LLE10w

Effect of Nitrous Oxide as a Treatment for Subjective, Idiopathic, Nonpulsatile Bothersome Tinnitus

This randomized clinical trial investigates whether inhaled nitrous oxide and oxygen vs inhaled nitrogen and oxygen can reduce bothersome tinnitus among adults with subjective, idiopathic, nonpulsatile tinnitus of 6 months' duration or longer.

https://ift.tt/2O3f1OY

Relation between serum CC16 levels and asthma predictive index in pre-schoolers with recurrent wheezing

Publication date: September–October 2018

Source: Allergologia et Immunopathologia, Volume 46, Issue 5

Author(s): J.A. Castro-Rodriguez, I. Atton, G. Villarroel, C.A. Serrano

Abstract

Background

Low levels of serum CC16 were reported in asthmatic adults, but the studies on children were scarce and conflicting. The aim of this study was to compare serum CC16 levels in pre-school children with recurrent wheezing assessed using an asthma predictive index (API).

Methods

We performed a case-control study based on API, with all enrolled pre-school children who had recurrent wheezing episodes (>3 episodes/last year confirmed by a physician) and had presented at one paediatric clinic in Santiago, Chile. The population was divided according to stringent API criteria into positive or negative.

Results

In a one-year period, 60 pre-schoolers were enrolled. After excluding 12, 48 pre-schoolers remained (27 males, age range from 24 to 71 months) and completed the study; 34 were API positive and 14 were API negative. There were no significant differences in demographics between groups. The level of serum CC16 levels for pre-schoolers with a positive API and negative API were (median 9.2 [7.1–11.5] and 9.4 [5.5–10], p = 0.26, respectively). The area under the curve for the serum CC16 levels to predict a positive API was 0.6, 95% CI [0.43–0.77], p = 0.3. A correlation between serum CC16 levels and age was found (r = 0.36 [0.07–0.59], p = 0.01], but not between serum CC16 levels and peripheral eosinophils blood.

Conclusion

There was no evidence that serum CC16 levels played a role in recurrent wheezing and a positive API in pre-school children. More studies are needed to confirm this finding.

https://ift.tt/2n4DN5J

Allergological characterization of children treated with oral immunotherapy to egg

Publication date: September–October 2018

Source: Allergologia et Immunopathologia, Volume 46, Issue 5

Author(s): M. Tortajada-Girbés, M. Hernández Pérez

https://ift.tt/2Kl9AbK

Randomized exploratory study to measure ion release from calcium sodium phosphosilicate‐containing dentifrice

European Journal of Oral Sciences, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2OxMfap

Identification of key determinants in Porphyromonas gingivalis host‐cell invasion assays

European Journal of Oral Sciences, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2AAjhUp

Dosisdichte neodadjuvante Chemotherapie beim Harnblasenkarzinom

https://ift.tt/2LKJJzM

Sekundärmalignome nach Strahlen- und Chemotherapie

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Folgeneoplasien stellen eine der schwerwiegendsten Spätfolgen nach einer Krebserkrankung dar.

Ziel der Arbeit

Die aktuelle Forschung zu Folgeneoplasien nach Krebs im Kindesalter und deren Ergebnisse werden zusammengefasst.

Material und Methoden

Als Datenbasis für die Spätfolgenforschung dienen sowohl die Daten der international aufgebauten Krebsregister als auch eine Reihe etablierter Studien wie die Childhood Cancer Survivor Studies (CCSS) oder PanCare.

Ergebnisse

Nahezu jeder 10. Überlebende einer Krebserkrankung im Kindealter erkrankt binnen 35 Jahren an einer Folgeneoplasie. Systemische Folgeneoplasien, darunter v. a. akute myeloische Leukämien, treten insbesondere in den ersten 10 Jahren nach einer Ersterkrankung auf, wobei insbesondere Chemotherapeutika als eine Ursache hierfür identifiziert wurden. Solide Folgeneoplasien können auch 35 und länger Jahre nach einer Ersterkrankung beobachtet werden. Bei einigen soliden Folgeneoplasien, z. B. des ZNS, der Schilddrüse oder Brust, wurde eine deutliche Assoziation zu einer vorangegangenen Strahlentherapie festgestellt.

Schlussfolgerung

Als weitere Risikofaktoren für eine Folgeneoplasie gelten neben der Tumortherapie an sich ein jüngeres Alter bei Behandlung, die Art der Erstneoplasie sowie genetische Vorbelastungen. Klassische Risikofaktoren für eine Krebserkrankung, z. B. Rauchen, können das Folgeneoplasierisiko zusätzlich erhöhen.

https://ift.tt/2vtwHeT

Refusal of Cancer‐Directed Surgery in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients

The Laryngoscope, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2vtS6ol

Interim Digital PET/CT in Predicting Outcomes for Participants With Locally Advanced Oropharyngeal Cancer Undergoing Chemoradiation Therapy

Conditions:   Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma;   HPV Positive Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Interventions:   Procedure: Computed Tomography;   Procedure: Positron Emission Tomography
Sponsors:   Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center;   National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Not yet recruiting

https://ift.tt/2LYq9zc

Manual Therapy in Treating Fibrosis-Related Late Effect Dysphagia in Head and Neck Cancer Survivors

Conditions:   Cancer Survivor;   Dysphagia;   Fibrosis;   Head and Neck Carcinoma
Interventions:   Procedure: Manual Therapy;   Other: Quality-of-Life Assessment;   Other: Questionnaire Administration
Sponsors:   M.D. Anderson Cancer Center;   National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Recruiting

https://ift.tt/2McIPs1

Body Scan Activity on Bone Marrow Transplant Patients and Their Caregivers

Condition:   Hematological Malignancy
Interventions:   Behavioral: Body Scan;   Other: Rotterdam Symptom Checklist;   Other: Practice Logs
Sponsors:   Washington University School of Medicine;   Barnes-Jewish Hospital
Recruiting

https://ift.tt/2vcg5ZY

Adjuvant Treatment of Apatinib in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Condition:   Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Interventions:   Drug: Apatinib mesylate tablet;   Radiation: Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT);   Drug: Cisplatin
Sponsors:   Wei Jiang;   Wuzhou Red Cross Hospital;   Guangxi Minzu Hospital;   People's Hospital of Lingshan;   Guangxi Naxishan Hospital;   People's Hospital of Baise;   People's Hospital of Laibin
Recruiting

https://ift.tt/2Ma7cq5

PG2 Concurrent With Chemoradiation for Locally Advanced Esophageal Cancer

Conditions:   Cancer-related Fatigue;   Survival;   Tumor, Esophageal
Intervention:   Drug: Astragalus Polysaccharides 500 mg
Sponsor:   PhytoHealth Corporation
Not yet recruiting

https://ift.tt/2v8jdpO

'Vaginal rejuvenation' devices 'have serious risks,' warn FDA

Some women may opt for a 'vaginal rejuvenation' procedure to improve vaginal tone or pelvic function. This can bring 'serious' health risks, say the FDA.

https://ift.tt/2vuLS7P

Formononetin attenuated allergic diseases through inhibition of epithelial-derived cytokines by regulating E-cadherin

Publication date: Available online 2 August 2018

Source: Clinical Immunology

Author(s): Li Lianqu, Wang Yan, Wang Xiaoyu, Tao Yu, Bao Kaifa, Hua Yongqing, Jiang Guorong, Hong Min

Abstract

Radix Astragali, has long been used to alleviate allergic diseases (ADs). Formononetin is one of the major active components in Radix Astragali, but its mechanism on ADs is not definitively known. The fluorescein isothiocyanate isomer-induced atopic contact dermatitis mouse model and poly I:C or lipopolysaccharide-treated HaCaT cells were used to examine thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP)/interleukin (IL)-33 production and expression of E-cadherin. After administration of formononetin, TSLP/IL-33 levels decreased both in vitro and in vivo, while E-cadherin was increased in vivo and restored in vitro. Furthermore, small interference RNA silencing of E-cadherin resulted in elevated levels of TSLP, whereas the inhibitory effect of formononetin on TSLP was no longer observed. In addition, TSLP resulted in no detectable changes in delocalization or protein expression of E-cadherin in HaCaT cells. These results indicated that formononetin showed a protective effect in ADs, which was correlated with decreasing TSLP/IL-33 production via regulation of E-cadherin.

https://ift.tt/2LMdDnk

AHNS Series: Do you know your guidelines? Optimizing outcomes in reoperative parathyroid surgery: Definitive multidisciplinary joint consensus guidelines of the American Head and Neck Society and the British Association of Endocrine and Thyroid Surgeons

Head &Neck, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2McRRoP

Sublingual cysts of different entities in an infant – a case report and literature review

Publication date: Available online 2 August 2018

Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology

Author(s): Jan Oliver Voss, Salvatore Buehling, Nadine Thieme, Christian Doll, Kathrin Hauptmann, Max Heiland, Nicolai Adolphs, Jan-Dirk Raguse

Abstract

Background

Congenital cysts and fistulas of the neck are common in children, often located in the head and neck area. Belonging to the group of tumor-like conditions, dermoid and epidermoid cysts are dysontogenetic lesions with seldom multiple co-occurrences in infants.

Case report

We report on a nine-month-old female with a persisting congenital fistula of the tongue. The patient was admitted with acute poor feeding and hypersalivation, which started within the last 24 h. Magnetic resonance imaging detected a fistula of the tongue connected to sublingual cystic lesions. Intraoral surgical removal of three cystic lesions and the fistula was performed under general anesthesia. Histopathological analysis confirmed the coexistence of an epidermoid cyst and two dermoid cysts.

Conclusion

Sudden feeding difficulties in combination with dysphagia and tongue displacement in pediatric patients pose an emergency situation that requires prompt diagnostic clarification. A persisting congenital fistula of the tongue is a clear indication of dysontogenetic lesions, including malformations, tumors, and tumor-like lesions. Congenital sublingual cysts are rare in infants, but can be life threatening when present. Surgical excision with histopathological analysis is essential to exclude any form of malignancy and malignant transformation.

https://ift.tt/2O69eIt

Therapie bei Tumorschmerz: Vergleich der S3-Leitlinie der AWMF zur Palliativmedizin und der WHO-Leitlinie

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund und Ziel

Die WHO-Empfehlungen zur Tumorschmerztherapie (WHO-LL) basieren auf einem Expertenkonsens von 1996. Das Kapitel „Tumorschmerz" der S3-Leitlinie „Palliativmedizin für Patienten mit einer nicht heilbaren Krebserkrankung" (P‑LL) orientiert sich an der EAPC-Leitlinie (European Association of Palliative Care) zu Opioiden in der Tumorschmerztherapie von 2012. Sie basiert, wann immer möglich, auf randomisierten kontrollierten Studien (RCT) hoher Qualität.

Methoden

Die WHO- und die P‑LL wurden vergleichend analysiert, zusätzlich erfolgte eine selektive Literaturrecherche zu nach der P‑LL erschienenen Publikationen.

Ergebnisse

Die Schmerzerfassung beruht v. a. auf der Schmerzanamnese, der körperlichen Untersuchung sowie der Intensitätsbeurteilung. Die Einteilung der WHO-LL in schwach wirksame Opioide (Stufe II) und stark wirksame Opioide (Stufe III) orientiert sich in der P‑LL nicht mehr nur an der Substanz, sondern an der Dosis. Als Mittel der ersten Wahl für mittlere bis starke Tumorschmerzen werden Morphin, Oxycodon und Hydromorphon genannt, L‑Methadon hat den Status einer „Kann-Empfehlung". Die Notwendigkeit einer Bedarfsmedikation wird in beiden LL erwähnt. Zu favorisieren sei immer die orale Gabe, laut P‑LL ist die transdermale Applikation „Kann-Empfehlung". Die Empfehlungen zur Nichtopioidanalgetika beschränken sich in der WHO-LL auf nichtsteroidale Antirheumatika (NSAR) bei ossären Metastasen mit Beachtung des Ceiling-Effekts. Die P‑LL erwähnt zusätzlich Metamizol bei leichten Schmerzen als Alternative zu NSAR und Paracetamol sowie die Kombination der 3 Nichtopioidanalgetika mit Stufe-III-Opioiden.

Schlussfolgerung

Die neue P‑LL beruht auf einem formalen Entwicklungsprozess, möglichst hochwertiger wissenschaftlicher Evidenz und einem Konsensusprozess. Da nur wenige RCT zur Tumorschmerztherapie bestehen, musste häufig auf Expertenmeinungen zurückgegriffen werden, und der Empfehlungsgrad ist oft niedrig oder offen. Die Unterschiede der LL sind relativ gering, nichtpharmakologische Therapieansätze fehlen in beiden LL.

https://ift.tt/2KjXWOk

Bath-Related Headache

Abstract

Purpose of Review

The purpose of this review is to summarize the most up-to-date literature on bath-related headache, a rare disorder.

Recent Findings

Initially described in middle-aged Asian women, it is now reported in a wider demographic. More information is available about the pathophysiology of bath-related headache, including its classification as a subtype of reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS). Nimodipine can be effective in patients both with and without vasospasm.

Summary

Bath-related headache is a rare form of thunderclap headache. Although its mechanism is still unclear, it is associated with vasospasm and RCVS. Controlled trials investigating the use of nimodipine and other agents may be useful in furthering our understanding of and treatment of this phenomenon.

https://ift.tt/2LJhG3E

Strides Toward Better Understanding of Post-Traumatic Headache Pathophysiology Using Animal Models

Abstract

Purpose of Review

In recent years, the awareness of the detrimental impact of concussion and mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBI) is becoming more apparent. Concussive head trauma results in a constellation of cognitive and somatic symptoms of which post-traumatic headache is the most common. Our understanding of post-traumatic headache is limited by the paucity of well validated, characterized, and clinically relevant animal models with strong predictive validity. In this review, we aim to summarize and discuss current animal models of concussion/mTBI and related data that start to shed light on the pathophysiology of post-traumatic headache.

Recent Findings

Each of the models will be discussed in terms of their face, construct, and predictive validity as well as overall translational relevance to concussion, mTBI, and post-traumatic headache. Significant contributions to the pathophysiology of PTH garnered from these models are discussed as well as potential contributors to the development of chronic post-traumatic headache.

Summary

Although post-traumatic headache is one of the most common symptoms following mild head trauma, there remains a disconnect between the study of mild traumatic brain injury and headache in the pre-clinical literature. A greater understanding of the relationship between these phenomena is currently needed to provide more insight into the increasing frequency of this debilitating condition in both military and civilian populations.

https://ift.tt/2vvIrNV

Technique for reconstruction of large clival defects through an endoscopic‐assisted tunneled retropharyngeal approach

International Forum of Allergy &Rhinology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2LHWmLQ

Lesional and circulating levels of interleukin‐17 and 25‐hydroxycholecalciferol in active acne vulgaris: Correlation to disease severity

Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2MaHRMM

Novel Parotid sialo‐cone‐beam computerized tomography features in patients with suspected Sjogrens’ syndrome

Oral Diseases, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.


https://ift.tt/2MbbRbu

Postoperative acute kidney injury: A never-ending challenge

No abstract available

https://ift.tt/2vs7KAx

Impact of intra-operative fluid and noradrenaline administration on early postoperative renal function after cystectomy and urinary diversion: A retrospective observational cohort study

BACKGROUND The use of noradrenaline to enable a restrictive approach to intra-operative fluid therapy to avoid salt and water overload has gained increasing acceptance. However, concerns have been raised about the impact of this approach on renal function. OBJECTIVES To identify risk factors for acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients undergoing cystectomy with urinary diversion and determine whether administration of noradrenaline and intra-operative hydration regimens affect early postoperative renal function. DESIGN Retrospective observational cohort study. SETTING University hospital, from 2007 to 2016. PATIENTS A total of 769 consecutive patients scheduled for cystectomy and urinary diversion. Those with incomplete data and having pre-operative haemodialysis were excluded. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES AKI was defined as a serum creatinine increase of more than 50% over 72 postoperative hours. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to model the association between risk factors and AKI. RESULTS Postoperative AKI was diagnosed in 86/769 patients (11.1%). Independent predictors for AKI were the amount of crystalloid administered (odds ratio (OR) 0.79 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.68 to 0.91], P = 0.002), antihypertensive medication (OR 2.07 [95% CI, 1.25 to 3.43], P = 0.005), pre-operative haemoglobin value (OR 1.02 [95% CI, 1.01 to 1.03], P = 0.010), duration of surgery (OR 1.01 [95% CI, 1.00 to 1.01], P = 0.002), age (OR 1.32 [95% CI, 1.44 to 1.79], P = 0.002) but not the administration of noradrenaline (OR 1.09 [95% CI, 0.94 to 1.21], P = 0.097). Postoperative AKI was associated with longer hospital stay (18 [15 to 22] vs. 16 [15 to 19] days; P = 0.035) and a higher 90-day major postoperative complication rate (41.9 vs. 27.5%; P = 0.002). CONCLUSION Noradrenaline administration did not increase the risk for AKI. A too restrictive approach to administration of crystalloids was associated with an increased risk for AKI, particularly in older patients, those receiving antihypertensive medication, and those whose surgery was prolonged. As AKI was associated with longer hospital stay and increased postoperative morbidity, these observations should be taken into account to improve outcome when addressing peri-operative fluid management. TRIAL REGISTRATION Not applicable.

https://ift.tt/2Mcrpf1

Cardiac arrest during spinal anaesthesia in a patient with undiagnosed Brugada syndrome

No abstract available

https://ift.tt/2LMfo3N

Association between pre-operative biological phenotypes and postoperative pulmonary complications: An unbiased cluster analysis

BACKGROUND Biological phenotypes have been identified within several heterogeneous pulmonary diseases, with potential therapeutic consequences. OBJECTIVE To assess whether distinct biological phenotypes exist within surgical patients, and whether development of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) and subsequent dependence of intra-operative positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) differ between such phenotypes. SETTING Operating rooms of six hospitals in Europe and USA. DESIGN Secondary analysis of the 'PROtective Ventilation with HIgh or LOw PEEP' trial. PATIENTS Adult patients scheduled for abdominal surgery who are at risk of PPCs. INTERVENTIONS Measurement of pre-operative concentrations of seven plasma biomarkers associated with inflammation and lung injury. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES We applied unbiased cluster analysis to identify biological phenotypes. We then compared the proportion of patients developing PPCs within each phenotype, and associations between intra-operative PEEP levels and development of PPCs among phenotypes. RESULTS In total, 242 patients were included. Unbiased cluster analysis clustered the patients within two biological phenotypes. Patients with phenotype 1 had lower plasma concentrations of TNF-α (3.8 [2.4 to 5.9] vs. 10.2 [8.0 to 12.1] pg ml−1; P 

https://ift.tt/2LNhrEH

Implementation of closed-loop-assisted intra-operative goal-directed fluid therapy during major abdominal surgery: A case–control study with propensity matching

BACKGROUND Goal-directed fluid therapy (GDFT) has been associated with improved patient outcomes. However, implementation of GDFT protocols remains low despite growing published evidence and the recommendations of multiple regulatory bodies in Europe. We developed a closed-loop-assisted GDFT management system linked to a pulse contour monitor to assist anaesthesiologists in applying GDFT. OBJECTIVE To assess the impact of our closed-loop system in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery in an academic hospital without a GDFT programme. DESIGN A case–control study with propensity matching. SETTING Operating rooms, Erasme Hospital, Brussels. PATIENTS All patients who underwent elective open major abdominal surgery between January 2013 and December 2016. INTERVENTION Implementation of our closed-loop-assisted GDFT in April 2015. METHODS A total of 104 patients managed with closed-loop-assisted GDFT were paired with a historical cohort of 104 consecutive non-GDFT patients. The historical control group consisted of patients treated before the implementation of the closed-loop-system, and who did not receive GDFT. In the closed-loop group, the system delivered a baseline crystalloid infusion of 3 ml kg−1 h−1 and additional 100 ml fluid boluses of either a crystalloid or colloid for haemodynamic optimisation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome was intra-operative net fluid balance. Secondary outcomes were composite major postoperative complications, composite minor postoperative complications and hospital length of stay (LOS). RESULTS Baseline characteristics were similar in both groups. Patients in the closed-loop group had a lower net intra-operative fluid balance compared with the historical group (median interquartile range [IQR] 2.9 [1.6 to 4.4] vs. 6.2 [4.0 to 8.3] ml kg−1 h−1; P 

https://ift.tt/2vuGwtf

Epidrum is an unreliable device for identifying the thoracic epidural space

No abstract available

https://ift.tt/2LLj461

Safety of moderate-to-deep sedation performed by sedation practitioners: A national prospective observational study

BACKGROUND In the Netherlands, a significant proportion of moderate-to-deep sedation is performed by sedation practitioners under the indirect supervision of an anaesthesiologist but there are limited safety data available. OBJECTIVE To estimate the rate of sedation-related adverse events and patient relevant outcomes (PRO). DESIGN This was a prospective national observational study. Data were collected with a modified adverse event reporting tool from the International Sedation Task Force of the World Society of Intravenous Anaesthesia. SETTING A total of 24 hospitals in the Netherlands where moderate-to-deep sedation was performed by sedation practitioners from the 1 February 2015 to 1 March 2016. PATIENTS Consecutive adults undergoing moderate-to-deep sedation for gastrointestinal, pulmonary and cardiac procedures. INTERVENTION Observation: Analysis included descriptive statistics and a multivariate logistic regression model for an association between adverse events and PRO. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome was the rate of unfavourable PRO (admission to ICU, permanent neurological deficit, pulmonary aspiration or death). Secondary outcome was the rate of moderate-to-good PRO (unplanned hospital admission or escalation of care). Composite outcome was the sum of all primary and secondary outcomes. RESULTS A total of 11 869 patients with a median age of 64 years [interquartile range 51 to 72] were included. ASA physical score distribution was: first, 19.1%; second, 57.6%; third, 21.6%; fourth, 1.2%. Minimal adverse events occurred in 1517 (12.8%), minor adverse events in 113 (1.0%) and major adverse events in 80 instances (0.7%). Primary outcome: Five (0.04%) unfavourable PRO were observed; four patients needing admission to the intensive care unit; and one died. Secondary outcome: 12 (0.1%) moderate-to-good PRO were observed. Moderate and major adverse events were associated with the composite outcome [3.7 (95% confidence interval 1.1 to 11.9) and 40.6 (95% confidence interval 11.0 to 150.4)], but not minimal or minor adverse events. CONCLUSION Moderate-to-deep sedation performed by trained sedation practitioners has a very low rate of unfavourable outcome.

https://ift.tt/2Mcr4ZN

The LAS VEGAS risk score for prediction of postoperative pulmonary complications: An observational study

BACKGROUND Currently used pre-operative prediction scores for postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) use patient data and expected surgery characteristics exclusively. However, intra-operative events are also associated with the development of PPCs. OBJECTIVE We aimed to develop a new prediction score for PPCs that uses both pre-operative and intra-operative data. DESIGN This is a secondary analysis of the LAS VEGAS study, a large international, multicentre, prospective study. SETTINGS A total of 146 hospitals across 29 countries. PATIENTS Adult patients requiring intra-operative ventilation during general anaesthesia for surgery. INTERVENTIONS The cohort was randomly divided into a development subsample to construct a predictive model, and a subsample for validation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Prediction performance of developed models for PPCs. RESULTS Of the 6063 patients analysed, 10.9% developed at least one PPC. Regression modelling identified 13 independent risk factors for PPCs: six patient characteristics [higher age, higher American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) physical score, pre-operative anaemia, pre-operative lower SpO2 and a history of active cancer or obstructive sleep apnoea], two procedure-related features (urgent or emergency surgery and surgery lasting ≥ 1 h), and five intra-operative events [use of an airway other than a supraglottic device, the use of intravenous anaesthetic agents along with volatile agents (balanced anaesthesia), intra-operative desaturation, higher levels of positive end-expiratory pressures > 3 cmH2O and use of vasopressors]. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the LAS VEGAS risk score for prediction of PPCs was 0.78 [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.76 to 0.80] for the development subsample and 0.72 (95% CI, 0.69 to 0.76) for the validation subsample. CONCLUSION The LAS VEGAS risk score including 13 peri-operative characteristics has a moderate discriminative ability for prediction of PPCs. External validation is needed before use in clinical practice. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study was registered at Clinicaltrials.gov, number NCT01601223.

https://ift.tt/2LNt1zA

Placebo versus low-dose ketamine infusion in addition to remifentanil target-controlled infusion for conscious sedation during oocyte retrieval: A double-blinded, randomised controlled trial

BACKGROUND Currently, there is no gold standard for monitored anaesthesia care during oocyte retrieval. OBJECTIVE In our institution, the standard is a conscious sedation technique using a target-controlled infusion (TCI) of remifentanil, titrated to maintain a visual analogue pain score less than 30 mm. This protocol is well accepted by patients but is associated with frequent episodes of respiratory depression. The main objective of this study was to evaluate whether the addition of a continuous intravenous infusion of ketamine could reduce these episodes. DESIGN Controlled, randomised, prospective, double-blinded study. SETTING The current study was conducted in a tertiary-level hospital in Brussels (Belgium) from December 2013 to June 2014. PATIENTS Of the 132 women undergoing oocyte retrieval included, 121 completed the study. INTERVENTION After randomisation, patients received either a ketamine infusion (40 μg kg−1 min−1 over 5 min followed by 2.5 μg kg−1 min−1) or a 0.9% saline infusion in addition to the variable remifentanil TCI. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome was the number of respiratory depression episodes. Effect site target remifentanil concentrations, side effects, pain score, patient satisfaction and incidence of pregnancy were also recorded. RESULTS No significant difference in the incidence of respiratory events was noted (pulse oximetry oxygen saturation 

https://ift.tt/2MehUfg

Sudden-onset trismus after respiratory arrest in a patient with an acute exacerbation of hereditary angioedema

No abstract available

https://ift.tt/2LNsSw2

Does a hypnosis session reduce the required propofol dose during closed-loop anaesthesia induction?: A randomised controlled trial

BACKGROUND Hypnosis has a positive effect on peri-operative anxiety and pain. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to assess the impact of a formal deep hypnosis session on the consumption of propofol for anaesthetic induction using automated administration of propofol guided by the bispectral index (BIS) in a closed loop. DESIGN A 1 : 1 randomised, usual-care-controlled, single-centre trial. SETTING Tertiary care centre in France from April 2014 to December 2015. PATIENTS Female adult patients scheduled for outpatient gynaecological surgery under general anaesthesia. INTERVENTION Before surgery, patients were randomised to receive either a deep hypnosis session or routine care. Anaesthetic induction was performed automatically by propofol without opioids and was assisted by the BIS in a closed loop. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary endpoint was the propofol dose required for anaesthesia induction, defined as a BIS less than 60 for at least 30 s. RESULTS Data for 31 patients in the hypnosis group and 35 in the control group were analysed. There was no evidence of a difference in the mean required propofol dose for anaesthetic induction between the hypnosis and the control groups (2.06 mg kg−1 (95% confidence interval [1.68 to 2.43]) versus 1.79 mg kg−1 (95% CI [1.54 to 2.03]), P = 0.25, respectively). CONCLUSION The current study, which was designed to determine the effect of a deep hypnosis session on anaesthesia induction using an automated tool for propofol administration, failed to detect a difference in the required dose of propofol. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02249364.

https://ift.tt/2McqUBF

Comparative study of concordance between bispectral index recordings obtained from the standard frontal and infra-orbital sensor position

No abstract available

https://ift.tt/2LNsKwy

Peri-operative copeptin concentrations and their association with myocardial injury after vascular surgery: A prospective observational cohort study

BACKGROUND Copeptin levels in conjunction with cardiac troponin may be used to rule out early myocardial infarction in patients presenting with chest pain. Raised pre-operative copeptin has been shown to be associated with postoperative cardiac events. However, very little is known about the peri-operative time course of copeptin or the feasibility of very early postoperative copeptin measurement to diagnose or rule-out myocardial injury. OBJECTIVES In this preparatory analysis for a larger trial, we sought to examine the time course of peri-operative copeptin and identify the time at which concentrations returned to pre-operative levels. Second, in an explorative analysis, we sought to examine the association of copeptin in general and at various time points with myocardial injury occurring within the first 48 h. DESIGN Preparatory analysis of a prospective, observational cohort study. SETTING Single university centre from February to July 2016. PATIENTS A total of 30 consecutive adults undergoing vascular surgery. INTERVENTION Serial peri-operative copeptin measurements. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE We measured copeptin concentrations before and immediately after surgery (0 h), then at 2, 4, 6 and 8 h after surgery and on the first and second postoperative day. Postoperative concentrations were compared with pre-operative levels with a Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Second, we explored an association between postoperative copeptin concentrations and myocardial injury by the second postoperative day. Myocardial injury was defined as a 5 ng l−1 increase between pre-operative and postoperative high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T with an absolute peak of at least 20 ng l−1. RESULTS Immediate postoperative copeptin concentrations (median [interquartile range]) increased nearly eight-fold from pre-operative values (8.5 [3.6 to 13.8] to 64.75 pmol l−1 [29.6 to 258.7]; P 

https://ift.tt/2MfDsbH

Absceso septal espontáneo como causa de shock séptico

Publication date: Available online 1 August 2018

Source: Acta Otorrinolaringológica Española

Author(s): Patricia Corriols Noval, María Costales Marcos, Carmelo Morales Angulo

https://ift.tt/2vszMfj

European Society of Anaesthesiology evidence-based and consensus-based guideline on postoperative delirium: erratum

No abstract available

https://ift.tt/2LNsDB8

Endoscopic Management of Spontaneous Cerebrospinal Fluid Fistula Caused by Clival Defect

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea is that the fluid in subarachnoid space leaks into the nasal passage in any way as a transparent discharge. Cerebrospinal fluid fistulas generally develop as secondary to trauma. Only 3% of CSF fistulas develop spontaneously. Spontaneous CSF fistulas are mostly originated from ethmoid roof and cribriform plate; however, the development of spontaneous CSF fistula due to defect in clivus is very rare. To our knowledge, till date only 13 patients with spontaneous CSF fistulae due to Clivus defect have been reported in English literature. In this clinical report, the authors aimed to contribute to the literature by reporting a 56-year-old patient who has been treated in our clinic with spontaneous CSF fistula due to clivus defect. Address correspondence and reprint requests to Rifat Karli, MD, Ondokuz Mayis Universitesi Tip Fakültesi, KBB kliniği, Samsun, Turkey; E-mail: rifatkarli@yahoo.com Received 9 February, 2018 Accepted 8 April, 2018 The authors report no conflicts of interest. © 2018 by Mutaz B. Habal, MD.

https://ift.tt/2vqOBiD

Importance of Stem Cell Transplantation in Cleft Lip and Palate Surgical Treatment Protocol

Cleft lip and palate is a congenital malformation that requires a multidisciplinary treatment that evolves pediatrician, obstetrics, fetal medicine, genetics, plastic surgery, orthodontics, speech therapist, nursery, and psychology. Actually, the authors believe that it could be possible to ad protocols to use stem cells. The intrauterine diagnosis leads to preborn parental orientation and better parental collaboration to accept a precocious multidisciplinary treatment. After birth the authors' protocol is: orthodontic devices, phonoaudiology, and surgical procedures. The authors' cleft lip and palate reconstructive surgery protocol demands several steps and begins at 4 to 6-month old with rhinocheiloplasty and soft palate closure at the same moment. The treatment sequence involves the hard palate surgery (8–18 months after the first surgical step), alveoloplasty (after 10 years old), and secondary rhinoplasty (after 14 years old). New ideas to use stem cells and blood from the umbilical cord and also blood from placenta are discussed to improve final surgical results. Maternal stem cells are easy to collect, there are no damage to the patient and mother, it is autologous and it could be very useful in the authors' protocol. Nine patients with clef lip and palate were operated and had stem cells from umbilical cord blood and placenta blood injected into the bone and soft tissue during the primary procedure (rhinocheiloplasty). The stem cells activity into soft tissue and bone were evaluated. Preliminary results have shown no adverse results and improvement at the inflammatory response. A treatment protocol with stem cells was developed. It had a long time follow-up of 10 years. Address correspondence and reprint requests to Marcelo Paulo Vaccari Mazzetti, MD MSc, 475, Ceci Avenue, São Paulo, SP 04065-000, Brazil; E-mail: consultasvaccari@ig.com.br Received 10 January, 2018 Accepted 10 May, 2018 The authors report no conflicts of interest. © 2018 by Mutaz B. Habal, MD.

https://ift.tt/2LJdSiN

Different Embolization Approaches for the Treatment of Posttraumatic Pseudoaneurysm of the Internal Maxillary Artery

Pseudoaneurysm is an abnormal dilation of an artery that could be caused either by iatrogenic or traumatic events and it is associated with high rupture risk. Pseudoaneurysm rarely involves internal maxillary artery. Computed tomography angiography and digital subtraction angiography are essential tools to perform a proper diagnosis and treatment of pseudoaneurysms. The authors described 2 different cases of internal maxillary artery pseudoaneurysm, treated by different embolization approaches. The first case was treated by a well-known arterial catheterism technique, whereas the second one was performed by an uncommon approach with a direct percutaneous puncture. Address correspondence and reprint requests to Enricomaria Mormina, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 1, 98100 Messina, Italy; E-mail: enricomaria.mormina@gmail.com; Marco Cicciù, DDS, PhD, MSc, Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, School of Dentistry, University of Messina, Policlinico G. Martino, Via Consolare Valeria, 98100 Messina, Italy; E-mail: acromarco@yahoo.it Received 7 April, 2018 Accepted 21 May, 2018 The authors report no conflicts of interest. © 2018 by Mutaz B. Habal, MD.

https://ift.tt/2vuaYUp