Publication date: June 2018
Source:Epilepsy & Behavior, Volume 83
Author(s): David Baker, Fiona J.R. Eccles, Helen L. Caswell
ObjectivesThe aim of this review was to identify quantitative correlates, predictors, and outcomes of stigma in adults with epilepsy living in Western countries.MethodsTo identify relevant literature, four academic databases (PsycINFO, CINAHL, PubMed, and Scopus) were systematically searched using key terms related to stigma and epilepsy.ResultsThirty-three research papers reporting findings from 25 quantitative studies of correlates of stigma in epilepsy were identified. The findings suggest that stigma can be predicted by demographic, illness-related, and psychosocial factors, although associations were found to be highly culturally specific. Outcomes of stigma in people with epilepsy were replicated more consistently across cultures, and its impact was significant. Detrimental effects included both worse physical health, including less effective management of the condition, and reduced psychological well-being, including difficulties such as depression and anxiety.ImplicationsEducational initiatives and therapeutic interventions that aim to address stigma in people with epilepsy are recommended; however, these need to be culturally informed to ensure that they are valid and effective.
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Τρίτη 24 Απριλίου 2018
Correlates of stigma in adults with epilepsy: A systematic review of quantitative studies
Response to Cuttler et al. re: “Low-Dose Childhood Radiation Effects to the Thyroid Follow a Linear Dose–Response Trend and Persist Even 45+ Years After Exposure”
Thyroid, Ahead of Print.
https://ift.tt/2K8xEQl
Active and Persistent Cytomegalovirus Infections Affect T Cells in Young Adult HIV Patients Commencing Antiretroviral Therapy
Viral Immunology, Ahead of Print.
https://ift.tt/2Fex6ok
Influenza Vaccination Protects Against Pandemic H1N1 Infection in Sickle Cell Disease Mice
Viral Immunology, Ahead of Print.
https://ift.tt/2Kc46RZ
Development of a patient‐centric food allergy research program: A model for action
Allergy, EarlyView.
https://ift.tt/2HXksx4
Genetic predisposition to obesity is associated with asthma in US Hispanics/Latinos: Results from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos
Allergy, EarlyView.
https://ift.tt/2HY0TEP
Identification of CPE and GAIT elements in 3’UTR of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) involved in inflammatory response induced by LPS in Ciona robusta
Publication date: July 2018
Source:Molecular Immunology, Volume 99
Author(s): Aiti Vizzini, Maria Giovanna Parisi, Felicia Di Falco, Laura Cardinale, Matteo Cammarata, Vincenzo Arizza
Innate immune responses face infectious microorganisms by inducing inflammatory responses. Multiple genes within distinct functional categories are coordinately and temporally regulated by transcriptional 'on' and 'off' switches that account for the specificity of gene expression in response to external stimuli. Mechanisms that control transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation are important in coordinating the initiation and resolution of inflammation. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is an important cytokine that, in Ciona robusta, is related to inflammatory response. It is well known that in C. robusta, formerly known as Ciona intestinalis, the pharynx is involved in the inflammatory reaction induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection in the body wall. Using this biological system, we describe the identification of two C. robusta MIFs (CrMIF1 and CrMIF2). The phylogenetic tree and modeling support a close relationship with vertebrate MIF family members. CrMIF1 and CrMIF2 possess two evolutionally conserved catalytic sites: a tautomerase and an oxidoreductase site with a conserved CXXC motif. Real-time PCR analysis shows a prompt expression induced by LPS inoculation in CrMIF1 and a late upregulation of CrMIF2 and in silico analyses of 3'UTR show a cis-acting GAIT element and a CPE element in 3'-UTR, which are not present in the 3'-UTR of CrMIF1, suggesting that different transcriptional and post-transcriptional control mechanisms are involved in the regulation of gene expression of MIF during inflammatory response in C. robusta.
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The evolving role of lymphatics in cancer metastasis
Rae H Farnsworth | Marc G Achen | Steven A Stacker
https://ift.tt/2HW4P94
Penetrating Foreign Bodies in Head and Neck Trauma: A Surgical Challenge
Cranial Maxillofac Trauma Reconstruction
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1642035
Penetrating foreign bodies of different origins in the head and neck are rare and potentially dangerous injuries, which might pose problems for their detection, primary care, and final treatment. Depending on the severity of the underlying trauma, some injuries present a higher risk for the presence of foreign bodies. Minor wounds, including common lacerations, are likely to be contaminated with loose gravel debris or dental fragments, and need to be distinguished from severe wounds caused by impalement, shootings, stabbings, and explosions. Blast injuries resulting from terror attacks are challenging recent therapeutic concepts. Even though these injury patterns are uncommon, they carry the risk of impacted objects with dramatic consequences. Despite improving medical imaging techniques, detection remains a challenge as it is dependent on the material of the foreign body, the affected anatomical site, and the injury severity. Therefore, a detailed history of the circumstances leading to trauma is essential when foreign objects are not visible during clinical examination. Precise detection of the foreign body, its anatomical position, and the affected surrounding structures are vital, especially for impalement injuries of the head and neck area. Therefore, an interdisciplinary planning approach is essential prior to removal of the foreign object. Finally, tension-free anatomical adaptation of the corresponding structures is crucial for maintaining and restoring aesthetic and function. Here, we give an overview of the diagnosis and treatment of cases of foreign body injuries encountered in our department.
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Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.
Article in Thieme eJournals:
Table of contents | Abstract | Full text
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Progression beyond nivolumab: Stop or repeat? Dramatic responses with salvage chemotherapy
Immune check point inhibitors have demonstrated efficacy in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) in cases of recurrence or in a metastatic setting after platinum failure [1]. In many tumors, anti PD1 or anti PDL 1 have increased median overall survival (OS) but have not demonstrated greater median progression free survival (PFS) [1–3]. Recent data has suggested that chemotherapy in post-nivolumab treatment may induce better objective responses than historical data did [4].
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Relationships Among C-Reactive Protein, Alanine Aminotransferase, and Metabolic Syndrome in Apparently Healthy Chinese Subjects
Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders, Ahead of Print.
https://ift.tt/2qVN1DI
Gender Differences in the Effects of the Frequency of Physical Activity on the Incidence of Metabolic Syndrome: Results from a Middle-Aged Community Cohort in Taiwan
Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders, Ahead of Print.
https://ift.tt/2vGbr9l
Can avocado oil strengthen my hair?
Oils play an important role in the health of a person's hair. Avocado oil may have specific benefits due to its vitamin and mineral composition. When the hair's natural oil balance is uneven, or the environment has damaged the hair, using oils on the scalp or hair may moisturize it and prevent further damage.
https://ift.tt/2HplUah
Why EMS agencies should change their definition of intubation success
Sponsored by EMS PRO Jeffrey Jarvis, MD, EMS medical director for Williamson County (Texas) EMS, knew he was passionate about emergency medical services after his first semester at Texas A&M University. While going to school and working for Texas A&M EMS, he progressed through paramedicine and worked in a variety of roles. After 10 years in EMS, he went back to school to continue his EMS career ...
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Combining midfacial degloving, LeFort-I osteotomy and inferiorly extended lateral orbitotomy (Krönlein) for removal of an orbital cavernous haemangioma: a new approach
Orbital tumours, located in the medial extraconal and intraconal compartment of the orbit, represent a challenge, with regard to surgical exposure. In the present paper removal of a cavernous haemangioma, located in the medial intraconal compartment was accomplished by combining lateral orbitotomy, midfacial degloving and LeFort-I osteotomy. Resection of the tumour could be performed under direct vision. Surgical exposure and removal of the lesion were obtained, without causing damage to surrounding tissues.
https://ift.tt/2qVcai1
Does the instrument used for the implant site preparation influence the bone–implant interface? A systematic review of clinical and animal studies
This systematic review evaluates the influence of the instrument used for the implant site preparation on the bone–implant interface. Any type of clinical or animal study were searched for in MEDLINE/PubMed, ISI Web of Science, and SciVerse Scopus. Two independent reviewers screened titles/abstracts of articles and the full-text of potentially eligible studies. Comparisons of bone to implant contact and crestal bone loss were estimated using pairwise meta-analysis. Twenty-nine studies met the inclusion criteria.
https://ift.tt/2vNEZSa
Eczema complicated by allergic contact dermatitis to topical medications and excipients
In patients with eczema that is difficult to manage, it is important to consider the possibility that they are allergic to the topical medications or emollients being used to manage their skin disease. This group of patients may have allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) to topical corticosteroids (TCS), antibiotics, or the excipients and preservatives used in their topical medications or emollients being used for skin care. For this group of patients, topical corticosteroids or the excipients in their vehicle may actually worsen their underlying disease and are the focus of this article.
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Multi-dimensional analysis of oral cavity and oropharyngeal defects following cancer extirpation surgery, a cadaveric study
Defects following resection of tumors in the head and neck region are complex; more detailed and defect-specific reconstruction would likely result in better functional and cosmetic outcomes. The objectives of...
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World's first penis and scrotum transplant complete
The first total penis and scrotum transplant has now been performed by a team of Johns Hopkins surgeons. The recipient, they say, 'is recovering well.'
https://ift.tt/2KcHCAv
Severe, eosinophilic asthma in primary care in Canada: a longitudinal study of the clinical burden and economic impact based on linked electronic medical record data
Stratification of patients with severe asthma by blood eosinophil counts predicts responders to anti-interleukin (IL)-5 (mepolizumab and reslizumab) and anti-IL-5 receptor α (benralizumab) therapies. This stud...
https://ift.tt/2HHsWuH
Multi-dimensional analysis of oral cavity and oropharyngeal defects following cancer extirpation surgery, a cadaveric study
Abstract
Background
Defects following resection of tumors in the head and neck region are complex; more detailed and defect-specific reconstruction would likely result in better functional and cosmetic outcomes. The objectives of our study were: 1) to improve the understanding of the two- and three-dimensional nature of oral cavity and oropharyngeal defects following oncological resection and 2) to assess the geometric dimensions and the shapes of fasciocutaneous free flaps and locoregional tissue flaps required for reconstruction of these defects.
Methods
This study was an anatomic cadaveric study which involved creating defects in the oral cavity and oropharynx in two cadaveric specimens. Specifically, partial and total glossectomies, floor of mouth excisions, and base of tongue excisions were carried out. These subsites were subsequently geometrically analyzed and their volumes measured. The two-dimensional (2D) assessment of these three-dimensional (3D) structures included measures of surface area and assessment of tissue contours and shapes.
Results
The resected specimens all demonstrated unique dimensional geometry for the various anatomic sites. Using 2D analysis, hemiglossectomy defects revealed right triangle geometry, whereas total glossectomy geometry was a square. Finally, the base of tongue defects exhibited a trapezoid shape.
Conclusions
Customizing the geometry and dimensions of fasciocutaneous free flaps so that they are specific to the confronted head and neck defects will likely result in better functional and cosmetic outcomes.
https://ift.tt/2KdI958
PaRTNer: Patient Reported Outcomes and Financial Toxicity in Head and Neck Cancer A Pilot, Survey Based Study
Intervention: Other: Demographics questionnaires and the FACT HN questionnaire
Sponsor: Duke University
Not yet recruiting
https://ift.tt/2HYxmuY
Treatment of Odontogenic Infections: An Analysis of Two Antibiotic Regimens
Publication date: Available online 23 April 2018
Source:Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research
Author(s): Manish Bhagania, Wael Youseff, Pushkar Mehra, Ruben Figueroa
PurposeRetrospective analysis of the efficacy for two commonly used antibiotic regimens in the management of severe odontogenic infections.Patients and MethodsEvaluation of records of patients admitted to the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery service at Boston University Medical Center from 2009 to 2014 with severe infections of odontogenic origin (SOI). Patients were divided into two groups based on the administered intravenous antibiotic: 1) Group I: Clindamycin only and 2) Group II: Penicillin and Metronidazole. Variables evaluated included demographic characteristics, ASA status, and anatomic site of infection risk, length of hospital stay, antibiotic failure, and pharmaceutical treatment cost.Results78 patients (46 males and 32 females) were included in the study. There were 57 patients in group I (average age 32.6 years) and 21 in Group II (average age 32.8 years). The average white cell count at time of admission count was higher in Group I (19.3) versus Group II (17.4). Antibiotic failure rate was 3.5% in Group I and 4.7% for group 2 patients.ConclusionClindamycin alone and combination of Penicillin with Metronidazole are both effective pharmaceutical regimens for SOI. Clindamycin therapy resulted in shorter hospital stay and lower net treatment costs with a slightly higher success rate.
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Generation of immunodeficient rats with Rag1 and Il2rg gene deletions and human tissue grafting models
https://ift.tt/2KaEh4B
Advances on CD8+ Tregs and their potential in transplantation
https://ift.tt/2KaEc0N
Long-Term Outcomes of Kidney Transplantation in Fabry Disease
https://ift.tt/2Jo4sDZ
Pseudoaneurysm of the internal maxillary artery secondary to subcondylar fracture: case report and literature review
https://ift.tt/2vFcOVI
Sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis presenting as acute-on-chronic small-bowel obstruction in a patient with history of peritoneal carcinomatosis
https://ift.tt/2HGTg86
Over-the-scope clip (OTSC®) closure of a recto-acetabular fistula
https://ift.tt/2vEEhXr
Norman Theeck Makes a Comeback from Invasive Fungal Rhinosinusitis
Sixty-six-year-old Norman Theeck is a rarity. A long-term survivor after treatment for invasive fungal rhinosinusitis, he beat the slim odds... Read the full article...https://ift.tt/2HmAMue
Dr. Douglas Stanley Joins UTHealth and Memorial Hermann
Douglas Stanley, MD, has joined the Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at McGovern Medical School at UTHealth and the... Read the full article...https://ift.tt/2qVAxey
Audiology Open House a Success
The Audiology team at UT Physicians Otorhinolaryngology-Texas Medical Center held a well-attended, day-long open house for individuals in the community... Read the full article...https://ift.tt/2Hn8ksd
Editorial Board
Publication date: March 2018
Source:Annales de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie, Volume 145, Supplement 3
https://ift.tt/2HLtG1L
Éditorial
Publication date: March 2018
Source:Annales de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie, Volume 145, Supplement 3
Author(s): B. Cribier
https://ift.tt/2vM81C2
Negative myoclonus secondary to paroxetine intake
Outside the context of overdose and serotonin syndrome, seizures and myoclonic movements attributed to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are rare and poorly documented. We present a 77-year-old man, with no history of epilepsy, presenting in the emergency department with whole body jerks since that morning. Two days earlier, due to a prescription mistake, he was started on paroxetine 20 mg instead of his usual fluoxetine 20 mg. The patient's electroencephalogram (EEG), performed in the emergency department, revealed a bilateral synchronous parieto-occipital fast spike activity pattern, which correlated consistently with negative myoclonus. Two days after stopping paroxetine, the patient presented no seizures and no abnormalities in the EEG. We present an EEG documented case of drug-induced seizures, with a bilateral parieto-occipital pattern, secondary to paroxetine intake. A hyperexcitability of the primary somatosensory cortex inhibiting primary motor cortex output could explain the electroclinical correlation.
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Immune-mediated necrotising myopathy: a rare cause of hyperCKaemia
Immune-mediated necrotising myopathy (IMNM) is a type of inflammatory myopathy characterised by acute or subacute severe proximal muscle weakness, significantly elevated creatine kinase levels, and prominent myofibre necrosis and regeneration with little or no inflammation. A subtype of IMNM identified by anti-HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR)antibodies has been shown to be associated with statin exposure. Treatment of IMNM consists of immunosuppression with steroids, steroid-sparing agents, intravenous immune globulin and/or biologics. We present here a case of anti-HMCGR-associated IMNM and review the pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment to increase physician awareness of this rare and debilitating condition.
https://ift.tt/2vIGeSQ
A brain populated with space-occupying lesions: identifying the culprit
This is a case of an 8-year-old girl who was previously healthy and presented with unresponsiveness on a background of fever that resolved within 2 days of onset. History was significant for recurrent dental abscesses requiring drainage. Imaging revealed what was unexpected: a brain overloaded with multiple space-occupying lesions and diffuse oedema. The patient was started on mannitol and dexamethasone in addition to antimicrobials. Her condition improved dramatically within few days. Multiple aspiration procedures were performed later and she recovered fully with minor deficits.
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Demonstration of entry tear and disrupted intima in asymptomatic chronic thrombosed type B dissection with non-obstructive angioscopy
Description
A 49-year-old man was referred to our hospital for atypical chest pain, without severe abdominal or back pain. He had a history of smoking and dyslipidaemia. His ECG showed no ST-T elevation. Coronary CT angiography (CTA) suggested moderate left anterior descending artery stenosis. CTA screening for aortic atherosclerosis showed significant calcification (figure 1A) and a crescent-shaped, mural low-density area in the infrarenal abdominal aorta (figure 1B,C). This was thought to be an intramural haematoma or a thrombosed false lumen. Calcified spots were deposited at the boundaries between the lumen and the low-density area (figure 1B,C). An intramural haematoma or a thrombosed type B dissection can be asymptomatic. Invasive coronary angiography showed no significant stenosis.
Figure 1
CT angiography images of the aorta. (A) Maximum intensity projection. Calcification deposited in the infrarenal abdominal aorta; however, a few calcifications were found in other sections....
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Unusual congenital coronary artery anomaly in a young adult presenting as sudden cardiac arrest
A previously asymptomatic young female with no previous medical or cardiac history collapsed during indoor exercise. A portable automatic external defibrillator showed a shockable rhythm. She received multiple electrical shocks with return to normal sinus rhythm without ischaemic ECG changes. Her troponin level was mildly elevated. A transthoracic echocardiogram revealed moderately reduced left ventricular ejection fraction with global hypokinesis. During emergent coronary angiography, the left main coronary artery could not be found. The right coronary artery was normal with robust collaterals to the entire left coronary circulation extending to the left main coronary artery, but did not fill the ostium. Coronary CT angiogram confirmed nearly complete absence of the left main coronary artery ostium. A diagnosis of left main coronary artery atresia was made. Patient underwent successful two vessel coronary artery bypass grafting. She continues to do well 1 year postoperatively.
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Corneal Epithelial Hyperplasia after 5-Fluorouracil Injection
Case Rep Ophthalmol 2018;9:254–256
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