Excision of Greater Superficial Petrosal Nerve Schwannoma Via a Pure Endoscopic Endonasal Approach

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Excision of Greater Superficial Petrosal Nerve Schwannoma Via a Pure Endoscopic Endonasal Approach Via ear nose throat Ear Nose Throat J. 2021 Jul 19:1455613211026397. doi: 10.1177/01455613211026397. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Greater superficial petrosal nerve (GSPN) schwannomas are an exceedingly rare nerve sheath tumor. The current literature search was conducted using Medline and Embase database by key search terms. Only 31 cases have been reported in the literature so far. Facial palsy, hearing loss, and xerophthalmia accounted for 48.4% (15), 41.9% (13), and 29% (9) of all cases, respectively. The middle cranial fossa approach was used in all previous reports. A retrospective review of 2 GSPN schwannomas patients treated by endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) in our center was collected. Clinical records, including clinical features, pre- and postoperative images, surgery, and follow-up information, were reviewed. In all cases, clinical features including facial numbness and headache were found, with tinnitus in case 1, hearing loss, xerophthalmia in case 2. Imaging studies showed a solid mass that originated in the anterior of the petrous bone. Two patients were treated by EEA. Furthermore, no recurrence was found during the follow-up period (15-29 months) in both of the 2 cases after the operation. Complete resection of GSPN schwannomas can be achieved via the pure EEA. Endoscopic endonasal approach for radical removal of tumors is safe and feasible. PMID:34281408 | DOI:10.1177/01455613211026397 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Clinical Biomarkers in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery: Autoimmune Diseases

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Clinical Biomarkers in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery: Autoimmune Diseases Via ear nose throat Ear Nose Throat J. 2021 Jul 19:1455613211033121. doi: 10.1177/01455613211033121. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this article is to review the literature and compile promising and clinically relevant biomarkers in autoimmune disease related to otolaryngology-head and neck surgery. STUDY DESIGN: Narrative review. METHODS: Pubmed and Google Scholar were queried using combined key words such as "biomarkers" and "otolaryngology." Additional queries were made with combined key words such as "biomarkers" and a particular subspecialty such as "autoimmune" or "Meniere's" to maximize yield of relevant titles. Subsequently, specific biomarkers identified, such as "anti-TPO-antibodies," were used as key words. Relevant titles were reviewed and selected for abstract review. Applicable abstracts were then selected for review of the full text. RESULTS: Biomarkers that are currently in clinical use for the management of autoimmune diseases within the field of otolaryngology were included in this review. The compiled biomarkers were then detailed individually regarding their molecular characteristics, function, and clinical significance. CONCLUSIONS: Based on this literature review, there are several biomarkers currently in clinical use within the field of otolaryngology relating to autoimmune diseases. The majority of these biomarkers are in the form of proteins such as Cogan peptide and c-ANCA. This survey may serve as a comprehensive resource on biomarkers for autoimmune diseases in clinical otolaryngology. PMID:34281418 | DOI:10.1177/01455613211033121 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Effects of Endoscopic Sinus Surgery for Eosinophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis on Respiratory Functions and FeNO Production in the Lower Respiratory Tract

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Effects of Endoscopic Sinus Surgery for Eosinophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis on Respiratory Functions and FeNO Production in the Lower Respiratory Tract Via ear nose throat Ear Nose Throat J. 2021 Jul 19:1455613211032006. doi: 10.1177/01455613211032006. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To confirm the relevance of upper and lower airway inflammation in eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (ECRS), the effects of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) on lower airway functions and inflammation need to be examined in ECRS patients. METHODS: Chronic rhinosinusitis patients with nasal polyps (25 non-ECRS, 28 ECRS) were enrolled. The 12 patient s in the ECRS group had comorbid asthma, in contrast to none in the non-ECRS group. We divided ECRS patients into 2 groups of ECRS with and without asthma. Clinical markers, including fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), respiratory functions, and the Asthma Control Test (ACT) questionnaire, were investigated before and after ESS. RESULTS: The FeNO levels in the ECRS with asthma group decreased after ESS. The mean FeNO levels in this group were 56.3 ppb before ESS and 24.9, 25.1, 25.0, and 15.5 ppb 1, 2, 3, and 4 months, respectively, after ESS. The mean forced expiratory rates in 1 second before and after ESS were 67.6% and 73.0%, respectively. The mean maximal expiratory flow rates at 50% of the vital capacity before and after ESS were 45.8% and 58.0%, respectively. Significant differences were observed in respiratory functions before and after ESS. The mean ACT scores in the ECRS with asthma group before and after ESS were 17.5 and 23.5, respectively. The ACT scores wer e significantly higher after than before ESS. CONCLUSIONS: The present results indicate that ECRS and bronchial asthma are common eosinophilic airway inflammatory diseases, and ESS for eosinophilic sinusitis may improve lower airway function. PMID:34281413 | DOI:10.1177/01455613211032006 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Effects of Endoscopic Sinus Surgery for Eosinophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis on Respiratory Functions and FeNO Production in the Lower Respiratory Tract

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Effects of Endoscopic Sinus Surgery for Eosinophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis on Respiratory Functions and FeNO Production in the Lower Respiratory Tract Via ear nose throat Ear Nose Throat J. 2021 Jul 19:1455613211032006. doi: 10.1177/01455613211032006. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To confirm the relevance of upper and lower airway inflammation in eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (ECRS), the effects of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) on lower airway functions and inflammation need to be examined in ECRS patients. METHODS: Chronic rhinosinusitis patients with nasal polyps (25 non-ECRS, 28 ECRS) were enrolled. The 12 patient s in the ECRS group had comorbid asthma, in contrast to none in the non-ECRS group. We divided ECRS patients into 2 groups of ECRS with and without asthma. Clinical markers, including fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), respiratory functions, and the Asthma Control Test (ACT) questionnaire, were investigated before and after ESS. RESULTS: The FeNO levels in the ECRS with asthma group decreased after ESS. The mean FeNO levels in this group were 56.3 ppb before ESS and 24.9, 25.1, 25.0, and 15.5 ppb 1, 2, 3, and 4 months, respectively, after ESS. The mean forced expiratory rates in 1 second before and after ESS were 67.6% and 73.0%, respectively. The mean maximal expiratory flow rates at 50% of the vital capacity before and after ESS were 45.8% and 58.0%, respectively. Significant differences were observed in respiratory functions before and after ESS. The mean ACT scores in the ECRS with asthma group before and after ESS were 17.5 and 23.5, respectively. The ACT scores wer e significantly higher after than before ESS. CONCLUSIONS: The present results indicate that ECRS and bronchial asthma are common eosinophilic airway inflammatory diseases, and ESS for eosinophilic sinusitis may improve lower airway function. PMID:34281413 | DOI:10.1177/01455613211032006 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Multiple Warthin Tumors With Epithelial-Myoepithelial Carcinoma of the Ipsilateral Parotid Gland: A Case Report

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Multiple Warthin Tumors With Epithelial-Myoepithelial Carcinoma of the Ipsilateral Parotid Gland: A Case Report Via ear nose throat Ear Nose Throat J. 2021 Jul 19:1455613211028086. doi: 10.1177/01455613211028086. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Multiple primary tumors of the parotid gland refer to the occurrence of 2 or more primary tumors in the ipsilateral or bilateral parotid gland metachronously or synchronously, which do not originate from postoperative recurrence or metastasis. Multiple primary tumors of the parotid gland, especially synchronous benign and malignant tumors, are extremely uncommon. A rare case of multiple Warthin tumors with epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma of the ipsilateral parotid gland is reported as follows. PMID:34281419 | DOI:10.1177/01455613211028086 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Predictors of Taste Dysfunction and Its Severity Among Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Predictors of Taste Dysfunction and Its Severity Among Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease Via ear nose throat Ear Nose Throat J. 2021 Jul 19:1455613211019708. doi: 10.1177/01455613211019708. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) often complain of taste dysfunction. The prevalent taste dysfunction among patients with CKD predisposes them to malnutrition, poor quality of life, and worsen disease prognoses. To appropriately treat the taste dysfunction in this group of patients, it's imperative that factors that predict taste dysfunction and its severity are identified for prompt treatment. AIM: To identify factors associated with taste dysfunction and its severity among patients with CKD. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a hospital-based case-control study of adult patients with CKD at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. The control group was made up of age- and gender-matched healthy volunteers with no clinical and laboratory evidence of CKD. Relevant clinical and social data obtained include demographics, symptoms, and signs of taste dysfunction and its risk factors. The 4 basic taste modalities namely sweet, sour, bitter, and salt taste senses of the participants were tested with validated "taste strips." Factors that predict taste dysfunction were identified among the spectrum of the disease. RESULTS: There were 100 patients with CKD and 100 healthy controls, age ranges between 19 and 86 years (mean ± standard deviation [SD] = 46.3 ± 13.9 years) and 20 and 85 years (mean ± SD = 43.4 ± 14.9 years), respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between cases and control gender distribution (P = .57). Hypogeusia was found in 27.0% of patients with CKD, while total taste function score of all the control was within normal range. Increasing duration of CKD was identified as a predictor of taste dysfunction among patients with CKD (odds ratio: 4.889, P = .038). The stages of CKD had no statistically significant relationship with the severity of taste dysfunction (P = .629). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of taste dysfunction among patients with CKD was high and this showed significant correlation with increasing duration of CKD; in contrast, the severity of CKD is not significant in the development of taste dysfunction. PMID:34281407 | DOI:10.1177/01455613211019708 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Rare Case of a Schwannoma of the Posterior Pharyngeal Wall in a Child

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Rare Case of a Schwannoma of the Posterior Pharyngeal Wall in a Child Via ear nose throat Ear Nose Throat J. 2021 Jul 19:1455613211031027. doi: 10.1177/01455613211031027. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT We present a rare case of a schwannoma which is localized on the posterior pharyngeal wall. It caused severe difficulty in swallowing and breathing in a 3-year-old child. Schwannomas of the posterior pharyngeal wall have been rarely reported in children. To our knowledge, only 7 cases of posterior pharyngeal wall schwannoma have been previously reported in the lit erature, but none of them is associated with a child. The tumor was removed with plasma radiofrequency excision via a transoral route. Computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging examination showed no recurrence of the tumor up to 2 years. To our knowledge, for the first time, a case of posterior pharyngeal wall schwannoma has been reported in a 3-year-old child, and the schwannoma was removed via plasma radiofrequency transoral excision. This case study illustrates that schwannoma may occur in children, and it is safe to treat this disease through plasma radiofrequency transoral excision route. PMID:34281403 | DOI:10.1177/01455613211031027 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Postoperative Urinary Retention Following General Anesthesia for Endoscopic Nasal Surgery in Men Aged Older Than 60 Years: A Retrospective Study

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Postoperative Urinary Retention Following General Anesthesia for Endoscopic Nasal Surgery in Men Aged Older Than 60 Years: A Retrospective Study Via ear nose throat Ear Nose Throat J. 2021 Jul 19:1455613211033112. doi: 10.1177/01455613211033112. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: Postoperative urinary retention (POUR) is influenced by many factors, and its reported incidence rate varies widely. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence and risk factors for urinary retention following general anesthesia for endoscopic nasal surgery in male patients aged >60 years. METHODS: A retrospective review of medical records between January 2015 and December 2019 identified 253 patients for inclusion in our study. Age, body mass index (BMI), a history of diabetes/hypertension, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification, and urologic history were included as patient-related factors. Urologic history was subdivided into 3 groups according to history of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH)/lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and current medication. The following was analyzed as perioperative variables for POUR development: duration of anesthesia and surgery; amount of fluid administered; rate of fluid administration; intraoperative requirement for fentanyl, ephedrine, and dexamethasone; postoperative pain; and analgesic use. Preoperatively measured prostate size and uroflowmetry parameters of patients on medication for symptoms were compared according to the incidence of urinary retention. RESULTS: Thirty-seven (15.7%) patients developed POUR. Age (71.4 vs 69.6 years), BMI (23.9 vs 24.9 kg/m2), a history of diabetes/hypertension, ASA classification, and perioperative variables were not significantly different between patients with and without POUR. Only urologic history was identified as a factor affecting the occurrence of POUR (P = .03). The incidence rate among patients without urologic issues was 5.9%, whereas that among patients with BPH/LUTS history was 19.8%. Among patients taking medication for symptoms, the maximal and average velocity of urine flow were significantly lower in patients with POUR. CONCLUSIONS: General anesthesia for endoscopic nasal surgery may be a potent trigger for urinary retention in male patients aged >60 years. The patient's urological history and urinary conditions appear to affect the occurrence of POUR. PMID:34281423 | DOI:10.1177/01455613211033112 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Bilateral Orbital Apex Syndrome Related to Sphenoid Fungal Sinusitis

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Bilateral Orbital Apex Syndrome Related to Sphenoid Fungal Sinusitis Via ear nose throat Ear Nose Throat J. 2021 Jul 19:1455613211024768. doi: 10.1177/01455613211024768. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Orbital apex syndrome (OAS) is a rare condition that usually occurs due to damage to surrounding inner and surrounding bone tissue. Orbital apex syndrome may result from a variety of conditions that cause damage to the superior orbital fissure and to the optic canal leading to optic nerve (II) dysfunction. We recently experienced a rare case of sphenoidal Asper gillosis, which damaged the adjacent cavernous sinus structures and led to the definite symptom of bilateral OAS in a 77-year-old male. We present this rare case with a brief review of these disease's entities. PMID:34281412 | DOI:10.1177/01455613211024768 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Ear wound healing in MRL/MpJ mice is associated with gut microbiome composition and is transferable to non-healer mice via microbiome transplantation

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Ear wound healing in MRL/MpJ mice is associated with gut microbiome composition and is transferable to non-healer mice via microbiome transplantation Via Ear infections by Cassandra Velasco, Christopher Dunn, Cassandra Sturdy, Vladislav Izda, Jake Martin, Alexander Rivas, Jeffrey McNaughton, Matlock A. Jeffries Objective Adult elastic cartilage has limited repair capacity. MRL/MpJ (MRL) mice, by contrast, are capable of spontaneously healing ear punctures. This study was undertaken to characterize microbiome differences between healer and non-healer mice and to evaluate whether this healing phenotype can be transferred via gut microbiome transplantation. Methods We orally transplanted C57BL/6J (B6) mice with MRL/MpJ cecal contents at weaning and as adults (n = 57) and measured ear hole closure 4 weeks after a 2.0mm punch and compared to vehicle-transplanted MRL and B6 (n = 25) and B6-transplanted MRL (n = 20) mice. Sex effects, timing of transplant relative to earpunch, and transgenerational heritability were evaluated. In a subset (n = 58), cecal microbiomes were profiled by 16S sequencing and compared to ear hole closure. Microbial metagenomes were imputed using PICRUSt. Results Transplantation of B6 mice with MRL microbiota, either in weanlings or adults, improved ear ho le closure. B6-vehicle mice healed ear hole punches poorly (0.25±0.03mm, mm ear hole healing 4 weeks after a 2mm ear hole punch [2.0mm—final ear hole size], mean±SEM), whereas MRL-vehicle mice healed well (1.4±0.1mm). MRL-transplanted B6 mice healed roughly three times as well as B6-vehicle mice, and half as well as MRL-vehicle mice (0.74±0.05mm, P = 6.9E-10 vs. B6-vehicle, P = 5.2E-12 vs. MRL-vehicle). Transplantation of MRL mice with B6 cecal material did not reduce MRL healing (B6-transplanted MRL 1.3±0.1 vs. MRL-vehicle 1.4±0.1, p = 0.36). Transplantation prior to ear punch was associated with the greatest ear hole closure. Offspring of transplanted mice healed significantly better than non-transplanted control mice (offspring:0.63±0.03mm, mean±SEM vs. B6-vehicle control:0.25±0.03mm, n = 39 offspring, P = 4.6E-11). Several microbiome clades were correlated with healing, including Firmicutes (R = 0.84, P = 8.0E-7), Lactobacillales (R = 0.65, P = 1.1E-3), and Verrucomicrobia (R = -0.80, P = 9.2E-6). Females of all groups tended to heal better than males (B6-vehicle P = 0.059, MRL-transplanted B6 P = 0.096, offspring of MRL-transplanted B6 P = 0.0038, B6-transplanted MRL P = 1.6E-6, MRL-vehicle P = 0.0031). Many clades characteristic of female mouse cecal microbiota vs. males were the same as clades characteristic of MRL and MRL-transplanted B6 mice vs. B6 controls, including including increases in Clostridia and reductions in Verrucomicrobia in female mice. Conclusion In this study, we found an association between the microbiome and tissue regeneration in MRL mice and demonstrate that this trait can be transferred to non-healer mice via microbiome transplantation. We identified several microbiome clades associated with healing. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.