Source:Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology
Author(s): Aude Belbézier, Isabelle Boccon-Gibod, Aurélie Du Thanh, Olivier Fain, Laurence Bouillet
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The aim of the present study is to provide a detailed macroscopic mapping of the palatal and tuberal blood supply applying anatomical methods and studying specific anastomoses to bridge the gap between basic structural and empirical clinical knowledge.
Ten cadavers (three dentate, seven edentulous) have been prepared for this study in the Department of Anatomy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary, and in the Department of Anatomy of the Medical University of Graz. All cadavers were fixed with Thiel's solution. For the macroscopic analysis of the blood vessels supplying the palatal mucosa, corrosion casting in four cadavers and latex milk injection in other six cadavers were performed.
We recorded major- and secondary branches of the greater palatine artery (GPA) and its relation to the palatine spine, different anastomoses with the nasopalatine artery (NPA), and lesser palatal artery (LPA) as well as with contralateral branches of the GPA. Penetrating intraosseous branches at the premolar-canine area were also detected. In edentulous patients, the GPA developed a curvy pathway in the premolar area. The blood supply around the maxillary tuberosity was also presented.
The combination of different staining methods has shed light to findings with relevance to palatal blood supply, offering a powerful tool for the design and execution of surgical interventions involving the hard palate.
The present study provides clinicians with a good basis to understand the anatomical background of palatal and tuberal blood supply. This might enable clinicians to design optimized incision- and flap designs. As a result, the risk of intraoperative bleeding and postoperative wound healing complications related to impaired blood supply can be minimized.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the degree of conversion, ultimate tensile strength, cell viability, and oxidative stress of two different ternary initiation systems, using two photoinitiation polymerization times.
The groups investigated were camphorquinone (CQ); CQ and diphenyleneiodonium hexafluorophosphate (DPI); CQ and ethyl 4-dimethylamine benzoate (EDAB); and CQ, EDAB, and DPI, with EDAB in high and low concentration. To assess the degree of conversion (DC) and the ultimate tensile strength (UTS), a real-time Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and a universal test machine Emic DL-500 were used, respectively. Cell viability and oxidative stress were evaluated by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total sulfhydryl (SH) content, and thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) formation assays.
Slight lower cell viability was shown when DPI was associated with high concentrations of EDAB; this reduction seemed to be attenuated when lower concentrations of EDAB were used. When EDAB and DPI were associated, no oxidative damage was shown. The degree of conversion was increased in the ternary systems (CQ + EDAB lower concentration + DPI) group, which did not affect the UTS, cytotoxicity, and oxidative stress parameters. The polymerization time did not affect cell viability, total SH, and TBARS; however, a slight increase was shown in SOD levels.
Our study emphasizes the relevance of incorporating the third element—iodonium salt—in a binary adhesive systems composed exclusively of CQ and EDAB.
Publication date: Available online 30 June 2018
Source:Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology
Author(s): Bethany Zembiec-Wheeler, Abberly Lott-Limbach, Hans Malmström, Sharon Elad
Oral Lichenoid Reactions (OLRs) are a group of conditions, with a common clinical appearance and histopathologic pattern that may be induced by several conditions or medications. This report describes an OLR possibly induced by a biologic agent. A 69-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) presented with a chief complaint of oral pain. The patient retroactively reported of skin lesions as well. Clinically, she had mixed red-white mucosal lesions and ulcers suggestive of an OLR. This diagnosis was supported by the histopathologic findings. Withholding the putative etiologic agent, abatacept, resulted in an immediate improvement of both oral and skin lesions.Abatacept and other biologics are thought to help treat inflammation and are becoming more commonly prescribed to treat RA. However, the clinicians should explore these medications as a causative factor for OLR.
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Publication date: Available online 30 June 2018
Source:Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology
Author(s): Amerigo Giudice, Selene Barone, Carmen Giudice, Francesco Bennardo, Leonzio Fortunato
ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) after bone surgery compared to surgery alone in the treatment of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ).Study designA total of 47 patients with diagnosis of stage II or III of MRONJ were recruited at the Academic Hospital of Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro and allocated to 2 groups: in the first, patients were treated with PRF in addition to surgery (PRF group), in the other, only bone surgery was performed (non-PRF group). Fisher's exact and Student t tests were used to evaluate differences between the 2 surgical protocols in terms of mucosal integrity, absence of infection, and pain evaluation at scheduled follow-ups of 1 month (T1), 6 months (T2), and 1 year (T3).ResultsAnalysis of mucosal integrity, absence of infection, and pain evaluation showed a significant difference between the 2 groups in favor of PRF only at T1 (p<0.05), while no differences were determined at T2 and T3 (p>0.05).ConclusionOur results suggested that local application of PRF after bone surgery may improve the quality of life limited to the short-term follow-up and reduce pain and post-operative infections.
https://ift.tt/2yVJLPp
Publication date: Available online 30 June 2018
Source:Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology
Author(s): Ya-Qiong Zhang, Ya-Ning Zhao, Deng-Gao Liu, Yuan Meng, Xu-Chen Ma
ObjectivesTo evaluate and quantify variations of bifid mandibular canals (BMCs) in a population of Northern China by using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).Study designCBCT images of 1000 consecutive patients were analyzed using the NewTom proprietary software. BMCs were identified and classified based on Naitoh's classification. Linear and angular measurements of BMCs were performed. Statistical analyses were conducted using chi-squared and Wilcoxon tests.ResultsBMCs were observed in 13.2% of 1000 patients and 8.4% of 2000 sides. The prevalence of BMCs was significantly lower in patients in the first two decades and in cases with a Class II molar relationship. The retromolar canal (68.4%) was the most common type of BMC observed. No buccolingual canals were identified; however, two special canals were detected. A classification system of three subtypes of retromolar canals was suggested. On average, the beginning site of the branches from the opening of the main canal was at a distance of 8.1 mm. The mean diameter and length of BMCs were 2.1 mm and 12.6 mm, respectively.ConclusionThis study underlined the prevalence and characteristics of BMCs in a population of Northern China. Preoperative identification of BMCs with CBCT may help prevent postoperative complications.
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Agenesis of the dorsal pancreas is very rare. Less than 70 cases have been reported to date. Some of these cases had an association with a tumor. The literature of agenesis of the dorsal pancreas and agenesis ...
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Publication date: Available online 30 June 2018
Source:International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Author(s): N. Karas Kuželički, A. Šmid, T. Kek, A. Eberlinc, K. Geršak, I. Mlinarič-Raščan
The objective of this study was to identify new environmental and genetic risk factors for orofacial clefts that arise during early foetal development. In this retrospective, case–control, mother–child pair study, 172 orofacial clefts cases and 199 healthy controls, and their respective mothers, were genotyped for common variants in relevant genes obtained by text and database mining using STRING 10.0. Exposure to environmental risk factors was evaluated using questionnaires. Variant glycine N-methyltransferase (odds ratio (OR) 2.1, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.0–4.4) and dihydrofolate reductase (OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.3–4.5) genotypes were identified as risk factors for cleft lip with or without cleft palate formation. Furthermore, synergy was detected between variant glycine N-methyltransferase and dihydrofolate reductase genotypes in promoting cleft lip with or without cleft palate formation (OR 7, 95% CI 2–23). This study is novel in finding that common glycine N-methyltransferase variant genotypes increase the risk of cleft lip with or without cleft palate.
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Publication date: Available online 30 June 2018
Source:Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Sarita U. Patil, Wayne G. Shreffler
The development and widespread use of vaccines, which are defined by the World Health Organization as "biological preparations that improve immunity to a particular disease," represents one of the most significant strides in medicine. Vaccination was first applied to reduce mortality and morbidity from infectious diseases. The World Health Organization estimates that vaccines prevent 2 to 3 million human deaths annually, and these numbers would increase by at least 6 million if all children received the recommended vaccination schedule. However, the origins of allergen immunotherapy share the same intellectual paradigm, and subsequent innovations in vaccine technology have been applied beyond the prevention of infection, including in the treatment of cancer and allergic diseases. This review will focus on how new and more rational approaches to vaccine development use novel biotechnology, target new mechanisms, and shape the immune system response, with an emphasis on discoveries that have direct translational relevance to the treatment of allergic diseases.
https://ift.tt/2lH5Ck6
Publication date: September 2018
Source:International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, Volume 112
Author(s): Qi-Yuan Zou, Yang Shen, Xia Ke, Su-Ling Hong, Hou-Yong Kang
ObjectivesAllergic rhinitis (AR), a common chronic inflammatory disease in the upper airways. The prevalence of AR in children seems to be increasing recently, and the most significant causes of the increase are thought to be changes in environmental factors, especially air pollution. However, we could not find any meta-analysis on the risk of air pollution exposure on the prevalence of AR in childhood. The aim of this research was to carry out a meta-analysis on the results of recent studies (21 s t century) to present valid information about exposure to air pollution and risk of prevalence of childhood AR.MethodsPubMed, Science, Google Scholar, Elsevier and MDPI web database were searched up to January 1, 2000 to February 28, 2018. Including of air pollution and AR in childhood related to the observation of literature. Meta-analysis, study quality assessment, heterogeneity analysis and publication bias test were using Stata-MP 14.1 and Review Manager version 5.3 software.Results13 studies will be included in the meta-analysis (8 cross-sectional studies, 5 cohort studies). Exposure to NO2 (OREurope = 1.031, 95%CI [1.002,1.060], P = 0.033; ORAsia = 1.236, 95%CI [1.099,1.390], P = 0.000; ORoverall = 1.138, 95%CI [1.052,1.231], P = 0.001); Exposure to SO2 (OREurope = 1.148, 95%CI [1.030,1.279], P = 0.012; ORAsia = 1.044, 95%CI [0.954,1.142], P = 0.352; ORoverall = 1.085, 95%CI [1.013,1.163], P = 0.020); Exposure to PM10 (OREurope = 1.190, 95%CI [1.092,1.297], P = 0.000; ORAsia = 1.075, 95%CI [0.995,1.161], P = 0.066; ORoverall = 1.125, 95%CI [1.062,1.191], P = 0.000); Exposure to PM2.5 (OREurope = 1.195, 95%CI [1.050,1.360], P = 0.007; ORAsia = 1.163, 95%CI [1.074,1.260], P = 0.000; ORoverall = 1.172, 95%CI [1.095,1.254], P = 0.000).ConclusionsExposed to air pollution probable is a risk of prevalence of childhood AR. And the prevalence of AR will be increase when exposed to NO2, SO2, PM10 and PM2.5, but maybe the relationship between SO2/PM10 and prevalence of AR are not closely in Asia.
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Publication date: September 2018
Source:International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, Volume 112
Author(s): Tyler R. Schwartz, Miranda D. Colletta, Michael E. McCormick
The disease of parapharyngeal abscess is well known to the otolaryngologist and is commonly managed via transoral, transcervical, or combined incision and drainage. We report a novel approach to an abscess that was drained through the external auditory canal (EAC). An otherwise healthy 2-year-old female presented with a 4-day history of fevers, decreased oral intake, neck stiffness, and voice changes. CT neck with contrast revealed a deep abscess in the left neck extending from the peritonsillar space into the parapharyngeal space in close proximity to the anterior aspect of the EAC. Because the EAC was the closest surface to the abscess collection, we elected to attempt drainage through this route. Successful incision and drainage was performed via transcanal approach. She received intravenous antibiotics and steroids post-operatively and surgical packing was removed. She was discharged home on post-operative day 5 afebrile and tolerating a regular diet and continued to do well at most recent outpatient follow-up.
https://ift.tt/2NeygFw
Publication date: Available online 30 June 2018
Source:Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research
Author(s): Anubha Aggarwal, Himanshu Aeran, Manu Rathee
Health care is very complex sector and delivery of service is the fragmented care. Quality can be a common paradigm to address the need of all groups in health care. Quality improvement is the process approach to the organization's operational challenges. The initiative to address the quality in health care has become a global phenomenon. A quality revolution for delivery of service with patient at the center and services around it is the demand of the time. This article comprehensively reviews the quality management in health care service and aims to sensitize the health care professionals towards achieving total quality.
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