Bifid variations of the mandibular canal: cone beam computed tomographic evaluation of 1000 Northern Chinese patients

Publication date: Available online 30 June 2018
Source:Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology
Author(s): Ya-Qiong Zhang, Ya-Ning Zhao, Deng-Gao Liu, Yuan Meng, Xu-Chen Ma
ObjectivesTo evaluate and quantify variations of bifid mandibular canals (BMCs) in a population of Northern China by using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).Study designCBCT images of 1000 consecutive patients were analyzed using the NewTom proprietary software. BMCs were identified and classified based on Naitoh's classification. Linear and angular measurements of BMCs were performed. Statistical analyses were conducted using chi-squared and Wilcoxon tests.ResultsBMCs were observed in 13.2% of 1000 patients and 8.4% of 2000 sides. The prevalence of BMCs was significantly lower in patients in the first two decades and in cases with a Class II molar relationship. The retromolar canal (68.4%) was the most common type of BMC observed. No buccolingual canals were identified; however, two special canals were detected. A classification system of three subtypes of retromolar canals was suggested. On average, the beginning site of the branches from the opening of the main canal was at a distance of 8.1 mm. The mean diameter and length of BMCs were 2.1 mm and 12.6 mm, respectively.ConclusionThis study underlined the prevalence and characteristics of BMCs in a population of Northern China. Preoperative identification of BMCs with CBCT may help prevent postoperative complications.



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