Comment on “Effectiveness of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (AmPDT) on Staphylococcus aureus using phenothiazinecompound with red laser”

http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10103-016-2107-4

Cardiovascular Malformations in CHARGE Syndrome with DiGeorge Phenotype: Two Case Reports

Both CHARGE syndrome and DiGeorge anomaly are frequently accompanied by cardiovascular malformations. Some specific cardiovascular malformations such as interrupted aortic arch type B and truncus arteriosus are frequently associated with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome, while conotruncal defects and atrioventricular septal defects are overrepresented in patients with CHARGE syndrome. CHD7 gene mutation is identified in approximately two-thirds of patients with CHARGE syndrome, and chromosomal microdeletion at 22q11.2 is found in more than 95% of patients with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. CHARGE syndrome is occasionally accompanied by DiGeorge phenotype. We report two patients with dysmorphic features of both CHARGE syndrome and 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. Although both of the two cases did not have 22q11.2 deletion, they had typical dysmorphic features of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome including cardiovascular malformations such as interrupted aortic arch type B. They also had characteristic features of CHARGE syndrome including ear malformation, genital hypoplasia, limb malformation, and endocrinological disorders. CHD7 gene mutation was confirmed in one of the two cases. When a patient with cardiovascular malformations frequently associated with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome does not have 22q11.2 deletion, we suggest that associated malformations characteristic of CHARGE syndrome should be searched for.

http://www.hindawi.com/journals/cripe/2016/8013530/

Different Anesthetic Managements of Esophageal Resection and Reconstruction

Conditions:   Anesthesia;   Esophagus Cancer;   Postoperative Complications
Interventions:   Other: Cardiac Output Maximization;   Other: Cardiac Output Normalization
Sponsors:   National Taiwan University Hospital;   Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan
Not yet recruiting - verified November 2016

https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02961140?term=HEAD+AND+NECK&recr=Open&lup_s=10%2F27%2F2016&lup_d=14&show_rss=Y&sel_rss=mod14

uPAR PET/CT for Staging Advanced and Localised Oral and Oropharyngeal Cancer

Conditions:   Oral Cancer;   Oropharyngeal Cancer;   Neoplasms;   Head and Neck Neoplasms;   Cancer of Mouth;   Neoplasms by Site
Intervention:   Other: 68Ga-NOTA-AE105 PET/CT
Sponsor:   Rigshospitalet, Denmark
Recruiting - verified November 2016

https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02960724?term=HEAD+AND+NECK&recr=Open&lup_s=10%2F27%2F2016&lup_d=14&show_rss=Y&sel_rss=mod14

Case 34-2016: A 17-Year-Old Boy with Myopia and Craniofacial and Skeletal Abnormalities

Presentation of Case. Dr. Angela E. Lin: A 17-year-old boy was referred to the medical genetics clinic of this hospital because of high myopia (i.e. severe nearsightedness) and craniofacial and other skeletal abnormalities. As a child, the patient had had difficulty with articulation and had…

http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMcpc1610096?rss=searchAndBrowse

Nasal and Tracheal Cytological Changes After Total Laryngectomy in Long-Term Survivors

Objective:

Complete separation of upper and lower respiratory tract after total laryngectomy results in permanent effects on nasal cavities and tracheo-bronchial airways. Aim of this study is evaluating nasal and tracheal cytological alterations of mucosa in laryngectomy long-term survivors, analyzing the feasibility of scraping for cytological examination of tracheal mucosa.

Methods:

Twenty-five laryngectomy patients underwent symptoms' evaluation, endoscopic fiber optic examination, prick tests, and nasal and tracheal scraping for cytological exam. Twenty-five healthy subjects underwent the same assessment, except for tracheal scraping. Eleven laryngectomy patients accepted inferior turbinate biopsy for histological examination.

Results:

Nasal cytological analysis demonstrated mucous cell metaplasia in 20% of laryngectomized patients, but it was absent in all healthy subjects; no squamous cell metaplasia was found in both groups. In 15 patients (60%), bacteria were present, without inflammatory infiltrate. Tracheal cytological analysis demonstrated a quite high rate of squamous cell metaplasia (24%), neutrophilic infiltrate (32%), and presence of bacteria (40%). Histological examination of inferior turbinate showed submucosal stromal fibrosis in all patients and submucosal inflammatory infiltrate in 1 case (9%).

Conclusion:

Nasal cavities and trachea of laryngectomy patients undergo long-term cytological and histological changes of mucosa and submucosa, probably due to airflow modifications.

http://aor.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/0003489416676500v1?rss=1

Soft Palate Injuries During Orotracheal Intubation With the Videolaryngoscope

Objective:

The videolaryngoscope has gained popularity for providing superior visualization in intubations. A rare complication of this technology is soft palate injury. Through a literature review and case series, we highlight the risks associated with the Glidescope and McGrath videolaryngoscopes and the management of soft palate injuries.

Method:

A case series of multi-institutional review of medical records was performed to identify patients with soft palate injuries from the videolaryngoscope. A literature review was also performed to analyze risk factors, mechanism of injury, complications, and management of palate injuries.

Results:

Of 9 cases, 3 resulted in soft palate perforations, which required primary closure. The remaining 6 patients sustained a soft palate laceration, which was treated conservatively. This injury commonly occurs when the intubator is focused on the video monitor and blindly inserts the Glidescope into the oropharynx. The rigid stylet used with the Glidescope increases the propensity for oropharyngeal injuries during blind insertions.

Conclusion:

Proper training, an awareness of this potential complication, and direct oral cavity visualization are recommended while inserting the videolaryngoscope. Repair is recommended for through-and-through perforations or if a large hanging flap is present. Antibiotics should be considered for lacerations greater than 1 to 2 cm.

http://aor.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/0003489416678008v1?rss=1