Some women may benefit from delaying breast reconstruction following mastectomy

Some patients with a combination of risk factors, such as being obese and having diabetes or being a smoker, may benefit from delayed rather than immediate breast implant reconstruction after a...

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Neuroectodermally Derived Neoplasm of Tonsil: Difficulty in Histomorphological Diagnosis

Abstract

Esthesioneuroblastomas are rare neuroectodermally derived neoplasms occurring in the upper nasal septum or cribriform plate. They have been rarely reported in other sites, when they are called ectopic esthesioneuroblastomas. Due to the scarcity of reports, publications and molecular/genetic studies of these tumours, their diagnosis is likely to be missed when they are ectopic. Similar to the case report in this journal by Zahedi et al., we had a case of neuroectodermally derived neoplasm of the tonsil, which was difficult to diagnose, due to the site of occurrence being unknown for these tumours.

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EPHB4 Mutation Implicated in Capillary Malformation–Arteriovenous Malformation Syndrome: A Case Report

Abstract

Capillary malformation–arteriovenous malformation (CM-AVM) syndrome, due to inactivating mutations in RASA1 in 68% of cases, is characterized by the development of cutaneous capillary malformations and arteriovenous malformations or fistulas; no known genetic etiology has been identified in patients with CM-AVM syndrome without RASA1 mutations. We present the case of a child with RASA1-negative CM-AVM syndrome with a de novo missense mutation in EPHB4, a transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor essential for vasculogenesis. Inactivating the mutation in EPHB4 has been shown to upregulate the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway and the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1, possibly contributing to the development of vascular malformations.

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Diffuse Hepatic Hemangiomas Successfully Treated Using Sirolimus and High-Dose Propranolol

Abstract

Diffuse hepatic hemangiomas are a challenging disease that can be life threatening. We present the case of an infant with diffuse hepatic hemangiomas who failed first-line therapies but later responded to sirolimus and high-dose propranolol.

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Dermatitis of the Foot: Epidemiologic and Clinical Features in 389 Children

Abstract

Background/Objectives

Footwear dermatitis is a form of contact dermatitis resulting from exposure to shoes. There have been only small studies regarding foot contact dermatitis in children. The present study was undertaken to define the prevalence and epidemiologic and clinical features of shoe dermatitis in children.

Methods

A retrospective study was undertaken of all children referred for patch testing between 1996 and 2015. Children with dermatitis limited to the feet were selected.

Results

We collected data from 389 children younger than 16 years, 52 of whom (13.4%) were referred with dermatitis exclusively on the feet. Diagnosis after patch testing was allergic contact dermatitis in 23 children (44.2%), atopic eczema in 12 (23.1%), juvenile plantar dermatosis in 8 (15.4%), dyshidrotic eczema in 6 (11.5%), irritant contact dermatitis in 2 (3.8%), and tinea pedis in 1 (1.9%). The most frequent allergens were potassium dichromate, thimerosal, cobalt chloride, mercapto mix, colophonium, mercury, and nickel(II) sulfate.

Conclusion

Allergic contact dermatitis caused by footwear is a common cause of foot dermatitis in children. Children with foot dermatitis should be referred for patch testing when an allergic origin is suspected.

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Acute Genital Swelling Heralding C1 Esterase Inhibitor Deficiency in a Child

Abstract

A healthy 5-year-old boy presented to the emergency department with an acute genital swelling. He had no relevant family history. His presentation and blood investigations were consistent with C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency, mostly likely arising de novo. A rare cause of acute genital swelling and its management are discussed.

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Molluscum Contagiosum-Like Presentation of Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis: A Case and Review

Abstract

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare disorder characterized by clonal proliferation of Langerhans cells in the skin. A molluscum-like presentation of cutaneous LCH is rare but important to consider for examination and management. We present an atypical molluscum-like LCH case and review the literature for common features of this unusual presentation.

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