Rehabilitation bei Fazialisparese und Schwindel bei Patienten mit Vestibularisschwannom

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Fazialisparese und Schwindel als Symptom eines Vestibularisschwannoms (VS) oder als Folge der Therapie beeinträchtigen die Lebensqualität der Patienten erheblich.

Fragestellung

Die Arbeit analysierte die aktuelle Literatur zum Thema und gibt darauf basierend Handlungsempfehlungen.

Material und Methode

Es handelt sich um eine PubMed-basierte Literaturrecherche der letzten 10 Jahre.

Ergebnisse

Zur Behandlung der akuten postoperativen Fazialisparese nach VS-Operation gibt es keine evidenzbasierte medikamentöse Therapie. Für die chirurgische Therapie gibt es etablierte Verfahren zur Nervenrekonstruktion, zum Muskeltransfer und zu statischen Maßnahmen. Eine physiotherapeutische Bewegungstherapie, am besten mit Biofeedback, verbessert möglicherweise die Fazialisfunktion bei Patienten mit Defektheilung. Botulinumtoxin ist Therapie der Wahl zur Behandlung von Synkinesien. Gegen akuten und chronischen Schwindel bei Patienten mit VS werden dieselben Antivertiginosa wie bei anderen Schwindelpatienten eingesetzt. Bei noch erhaltener Vestibularisfunktion ist die präoperative intratympanale Gentamycinausschaltung und ein Kompensationstraining eine vielversprechende Therapiestrategie, um postoperativen Schwindel zu verringern. Eine gute Vestibularisrehabilitation umfasst ein intensives und regelmäßiges Bewegungstraining, am besten mit Echtzeitfeedback und Therapiekontrolle.

Schlussfolgerungen

Es gibt eine Vielzahl durch Studien belegte konservative, chirurgische oder kombiniert konservativ-chirurgische Behandlungsoptionen zur individuellen Fazialisrehabilitation bei VS-Patienten. Bei akutem Schwindel ist eine Pharmakotherapie angezeigt. Sowohl bei akutem als auch bei belastendem chronischem Schwindel lindert eine intensive Bewegungstherapie die Beschwerden.

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Vestibularisschwannome – Teil 2

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Implantierbare Hörsysteme

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Validation of radial artery-based uncalibrated pulse contour method (PulsioFlex) in an unselected cohort of critically ill patients.

BACKGROUND: Because of their simplicity, uncalibrated pulse contour (UPC) methods have been introduced into clinical practice in critical care but are often validated with a femoral arterial waveform. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to test the accuracy of cardiac index (CI) measurements and trending ability from a radial artery with one UPC. SETTING: Tertiary care mixed-surgical ICU. Data were obtained from April 2015 to July 2016. PATIENTS: We studied 20 critically ill mechanically ventilated patients monitored by UPC (PulsioFlex; Pulsion Medical Systems SE, Munich, Germany). We used transpulmonary thermodilution (PiCCO2) as a reference. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Bland-Altman-analyses with percentage errors were calculated to assess the accuracy of CI values from radial pulse contour analysis (CIRAD), autocalibration (CIAC) and femoral pulse contour analysis (CIFEM). All were compared with a reference (CITD) at 4-h intervals for 24 h. Trending ability was assessed by polar-plots and four-quadrant-plots. CI is given in l min-1 m-2. RESULTS: Bland-Altman-analyses: for CIRAD, the mean bias was -0.1 with limits of agreement (LOA) of -2.9 to 2.7 and a percentage error of 70%; for CIAC, the mean bias was 0 with LOA -2.8 to 2.7 and a percentage error of 70%; for CIFEM, the mean bias was 0 with LOA -1.2 to 1.2 and a percentage error of 30%, respectively. Polar plots for trending: for CIRAD, the angular bias was 12[degrees] with radial LOA of 39[degrees], a polar concordance rate of 73% and a concordance rate of 67% in the four-quadrant-plot; for CIAC, the angular bias was 4[degrees] with radial LOA of 41[degrees], polar concordance rate of 79% and a concordance rate of 74% in the four quadrant plot; for CIFEM, the angular bias was -2[degrees] with radial LOA of 50[degrees], polar concordance rate of 74% and a concordance rate of 81%. CONCLUSION: In critically ill patients, the PulsioFlex system connected to a radial arterial catheter is inaccurate for CI measurements and does not track changes in CI adequately. We therefore recommend using validated thermodilution techniques for monitoring in the critical care setting. (C) 2017 European Society of Anaesthesiology

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Multiple Myeloma Presenting as Massive Amyloid Deposition in a Parathyroid Gland Associated with Amyloid Goiter: A Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma Mimic on Intra-operative Frozen Section

Abstract

Clinical examples of amyloid deposition in parathyroid glands are exceedingly rare and usually present as an incidental finding in a patient with amyloid goiter. Here, we present the first histologically documented case of parathyroid amyloid deposition that presented as a mass. The patient did not have hyperparathyroidism. The parathyroid gland was submitted for intra-operative frozen section and concern for medullary thyroid carcinoma was raised. An important histologic clue arguing against medullary thyroid carcinoma was the evenly dispersed nature of the amyloid. Histologic perinuclear clearing and parathyroid hormone immunohistochemistry confirmed parathyroid origin on permanent sections. The patient was also found to have associated amyloid goiter. Mass spectrometry of the amyloid showed it to be composed of kappa light chains. On further work-up, the patient was diagnosed with multiple myeloma. Awareness of parathyroid amyloid deposition is important as it is a histologic mimic of medullary thyroid carcinoma, especially on frozen section. Amyloid typing with evaluation for multiple myeloma in any patient with kappa or lambda light chain restriction is also important.

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Clinical grade manufacturing of genetically modified, CAR-expressing NK-92 cells for the treatment of ErbB2-positive malignancies

Abstract

Background

The NK-92/5.28.z cell line (also referred to as HER2.taNK) represents a stable, lentiviral-transduced clone of ErbB2 (HER2)-specific, second-generation CAR-expressing derivative of clinically applicable NK-92 cells. This study addresses manufacturing-related issues and aimed to develop a GMP-compliant protocol for the generation of NK-92/5.28.z therapeutic doses starting from a well-characterized GMP-compliant master cell bank.

Materials and methods

Commercially available GMP-grade culture media and supplements (fresh frozen plasma, platelet lysate) were evaluated for their ability to support expansion of NK-92/5.28.z. Irradiation sensitivity and cytokine release were also investigated.

Results

NK-92/5.28.z cells can be grown to clinically applicable cell doses of 5 × 10⁸ cells/L in a 5-day batch culture without loss of viability and potency. X-Vivo 10 containing recombinant transferrin supplemented with 5% FFP and 500 IU/mL IL-2 in VueLife 750-C1 bags showed the best results. Platelet lysate was less suited to support NK-92/5.28.z proliferation. Irradiation with 10 Gy completely abrogated NK-92/5.28.z proliferation and preserved viability and potency for at least 24 h. NK-92/5.28.z showed higher baseline cytokine release compared to NK-92, which was significantly increased upon encountering ErbB2(+) targets [GZMB (twofold), IFN-γ (fourfold), IL-8 (24-fold) and IL-10 (fivefold)]. IL-6 was not released by NK cells, but was observed in some stimulated targets. Irradiation resulted in upregulation of IL-8 and downregulation of sFasL, while other cytokines were not impacted.

Conclusion

Our concept suggests NK-92/5.28.z maintenance culture from which therapeutic doses up to 5 × 10⁹ cells can be expanded in 10 L within 5 days. This established process is feasible to analyze NK-92/5.28.z in phase I/II trials.

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Mucus plugging in allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis: Implication of the eosinophil DNA traps

Publication date: Available online 5 September 2017
Source:Allergology International
Author(s): Ayumi Omokawa, Shigeharu Ueki, Yuta Kikuchi, Masahide Takeda, Mariko Asano, Kazuhiro Sato, Masaaki Sano, Hiroshi Ito, Makoto Hirokawa




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