Poly-L-lactic acid for the Improvement of photodamage and rhytids of the décolletage

Summary

Background

Poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) is a biostimulatory filler approved for use in HIV lipoatrophy as well as cosmetic improvement in facial folds and wrinkles in immunocompetent patients. Similar to the face and hands, the décolletage is commonly subject to photodamage and the resulting appearance of rhytids and crepiness, which could benefit from PLLA treatment.

Objectives

The objective of the study was to assess the safety and efficacy of injected PLLA for the improvement in rhytids and crepiness of the décolletage.

Methods

In this open-label, prospective, interventional study, 25 healthy female volunteers aged 40-to-70 years with moderate-to-severe crepiness and wrinkling of the décolletage were injected with 1 vial of PLLA at each of three treatments. The Fabi-Bolton 5-point chest wrinkling scale was used by both investigators and subjects to assign pretreatment and post-treatment follow-up scores at 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months. Adverse events were reported at each visit.

Results

All post-treatment mean scores had statistically significant improvement compared to the pretreatment baseline means as rated by both investigators and subjects. At 1 month following the last treatment, compared to baseline, investigators rated 83% of subjects had improved by at least one point on the scale. Subjects rated 74% of subjects improved by at least one point. At 6 months, 90% of subjects, as rated by the investigators, and 57% of subjects, as rated by the subjects, had improvement from baseline.

Conclusion

PLLA is safe and effective for improvement in the rhytids and skin quality of the photodamaged décolletage.

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Open access: Is there a predator at the door?

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The influence of dexamethasone on postoperative swelling and neurosensory disturbances after orthognathic surgery: a randomized controlled clinical trial

Orthognathic surgery is associated with considerable swelling and neurosensory disturbances. Serious swelling can lead to great physical and psychological strain. A randomized, prospective, controlled clinical...

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Speech Production Quality of Cochlear Implant Users with Respect to Duration and Onset of Hearing Loss

Purpose: To assess whether postlingual onset and shorter duration of deafness before cochlear implant (CI) provision predict higher speech intelligibility results of CI users. Methods: For an objective judgement of speech intelligibility, we used an automatic speech recognition system computing the word recognition rate (WR) of 50 adult CI users and 50 age-matched control individuals. All subjects were recorded reading a standardized text. Subjects were divided into three groups: pre- or perilingual deafness (A), both >2 years before implantation, postlingual deafness 2 years before implantation (C). Results: CI users with short duration of postlingual deafness (B) had a significantly higher WR (median 74%) than CI users with long duration of postlingual deafness (C; 68%, p p Conclusions: The speech production quality of adult CI users shows dependencies on the onset and duration of deafness. These features need to be considered while planning rehabilitation.
ORL 2017;79:282-294

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A ravenous defense: canonical and non-canonical autophagy in immunity

Payel Sil | Ginger Muse | Jennifer Martinez

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Global oral health status of athletes with intellectual disabilities

Abstract

Background

The aim of this study is to identify the oral health status and treatment needs of Special Olympics athletes with intellectual disabilities from 181 countries by the assessment of oral health parameters and differences between world regions.

Material and methods

Data were collected through interview and oral examinations within the Healthy Athletes Screening. These data were analysed with descriptive statistics of oral health parameters of athletes from Africa, Asia Pacific, East Asia, Europe/Eurasia, Latin America, Middle East North Africa (MENA) and North America. Mean differences of untreated visible dental caries, gingival signs and missing teeth were tested between regions by one-way ANOVA test and between age groups (8–11, 12–18, 19–39 and 40+) by chi-square tests for multiple comparisons with Hochberg-adjusted p value. The level of significance for all tests was set at a p value < 0.05.

Results

A total of 149,272 athletes with intellectual disabilities were screened. More than 80% of the athletes reported that they cleaned their mouths at least once a day. Athletes in Europe/Eurasia, Latin America, and MENA presented higher rates of signs of gingival disease than other regions. The prevalence of untreated dental caries was significantly higher in Latin America and the group of 8–11-year-olds from Latin America, Europe/Eurasia and Asia Pacific.

Conclusions

The data provided by this study demonstrate that continuous efforts for preventive and restorative oral health care are needed for the oral health of these athletes with ID especially in Latin America, MENA and Europe/Eurasia regions.

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Blood eosinophils: The forgotten man of inhaled steroid dose titration

Abstract

Blood eosinophil counts which were once regarded as normal, have become of increasing interest in the era of Interluekin-5 (IL-5) asthma treatment. Blood eosinophils as low as 150 cells/μL have been suggested as treatment cut-offs for eosinophil depleting therapies such as mepolizumab [1], whilst a value of 300 cells/μL has been deemed a more pragmatic cut off by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (United Kingdom). In this era of eosinophil post-truths, inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), the eosinophil's oldest adversary, are very much the forgotten man.

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