Comparison between whole-body and head and neck neurovascular coils for 3-T magnetic resonance proton resonance frequency shift thermography guidance in the head and neck region

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to compare the image quality of magnetic resonance (MR) treatment planning images and proton resonance frequency (PRF) shift thermography images and inform coil selection for MR-guided laser ablation of tumors in the head and neck region. Laser ablation was performed on an agar phantom and monitored via MR PRF shift thermography on a 3-T scanner, following acquisition of T1-weighted (T1W) planning images. PRF shift thermography images and T2-weighted (T2W) planning images were also performed in the neck region of five normal human volunteers. Signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) and temperature uncertainty were calculated and compared between scans acquired with the quadrature mode body integrated coil and a head and neck neurovascular coil. T1W planning images of the agar phantom produced SNRs of 4.0 and 12.2 for the quadrature mode body integrated coil and head and neck neurovascular coil, respectively. The SNR of the phantom MR thermography magnitude images obtained using the quadrature mode body integrated coil was 14.4 versus 59.6 using the head and neck coil. The average temperature uncertainty for MR thermography performed on the phantom with the quadrature mode body integrated coil was 1.1 versus 0.3 °C with the head and neck coil. T2W planning images of the neck in five human volunteers produced SNRs of 28.3 and 91.0 for the quadrature mode body integrated coil and head and neck coil, respectively. MR thermography magnitude images of the neck in the volunteers obtained using the quadrature mode body integrated coil had a signal-to-noise ratio of 8.3, while the SNR using the head and neck coil was 16.1. The average temperature uncertainty for MR thermography performed on the volunteers with the body coil was 2.5 versus 1.6 °C with the head and neck neurovascular coil. The quadrature mode body integrated coil provides inferior image quality for both basic treatment planning sequences and MR PRF shift thermography compared with a neurovascular coil, but may nevertheless be adequate for clinical purposes.

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Differences between osteoradionecrosis and medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw

Abstract

Purpose

The appearance of osteoradionecrosis (ORN) and medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is similar, but clinically important differences between ORN and MRONJ exist. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical data between ORN and MRONJ and to reveal the critical differences between these diseases.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed the epidemiological data, clinical findings, and treatment in 27 ORN and 61 MRONJ patients. Radiographic signs before the initiation of treatment were also assessed.

Results

The median age (P = 0.0474) and the ratio of female to male patients (P < 0.0001) were significantly higher in MRONJ patients. There were significantly more MRONJ patients who reported a history of pain when compared with ORN patients (P = 0.0263). As an aetiological factor, tooth extraction was significantly more relevant to MRONJ than ORN (P = 0.0352). When assessing the radiographic signs on computed tomographic images, periosteal reaction was found only in MRONJ patients (P = 0.0158). Minimal debridement was performed significantly more frequently for MRONJ (P = 0.0093), and by contrast, surgical resection was performed more frequently for ORN (P = 0.0002).

Conclusions

Understanding the clinical and underlying pathological differences between ORN and MRONJ probably contributes to the selection of appropriate treatment for each patient.

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Autologous Fat Augmentation of the Face

Publication date: Available online 8 December 2017
Source:Atlas of the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics
Author(s): Suzan Obagi, Carolyn Willis




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Current Techniques in Fat Grafting

Publication date: Available online 8 December 2017
Source:Atlas of the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics
Author(s): Shahrokh C. Bagheri, Behnam Bohluli, Elizabeth K. Consky




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Autologous Fat Transfer for Maxillofacial Reconstruction

Publication date: Available online 8 December 2017
Source:Atlas of the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics
Author(s): Ryan M. Diepenbrock, J. Marshall Green




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Fat Grafting in Facial Aesthetic Units

Publication date: Available online 8 December 2017
Source:Atlas of the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics
Author(s): Husain Ali Khan, Seied Omid Keyhan




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Health-related quality of life in elderly hearing aid users vs. non-users

Publication date: Available online 8 December 2017
Source:Egyptian Journal of Ear, Nose, Throat and Allied Sciences
Author(s): Eman A. Said
Background and aimPresbycusis, is usually a harbinger of aging. The negative consequences are not limited to an auditory impairment but influences a range of psychosocial and physical health concerns. The cornerstone of audiologic intervention is the use hearing aids. Optimal management should include an evaluation of quality of life (QoL) status and its assessment. Aim of this work: To quantify the quality of life of hearing impaired elderly individuals (HIEI) and to assess hearing aids impact on QoL.SubjectsElderly patients (1 2 7) above 60 years had sensorineural hearing loss ranged from mild to severe degree of hearing loss, only 24 of them (21.1%) were fitted with monaural hearing aid.MethodsEach subject of this study underwent basic audiologic evaluation, speech perception in noise, aided tonal sound field threshold and aided speech tests. Generic WHOQOL-BREF and hearing handicap inventory for the elderly (HHIE).ResultsThere were significant lower aided tonal sound field thresholds (ATSFTs) at 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 kHz of hearing aid users when compared with values of non-users at all tested frequencies. Hearing aid users perform better in all domains of WHO QOL-BREF with significant reductions in emotional, social and total scores of HHIE in users group compared with non-users indicated improvement in their QOL. There were no significant differences between scores of males and scores of females. The severity of the hearing loss had statistically significant effects on these scores for non-users but not in users group.



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