Platelet-rich fibrin in oral surgical procedures: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Publication date: Available online 30 July 2018

Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Author(s): J.V.d.S. Canellas, P.J.D. Medeiros, C.M.d.S. Figueredo, R.G. Fischer, F.G. Ritto

Abstract

The effect of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) in enhancing the healing after oral surgical interventions is still a matter of debate. The purpose of this study was to identify instances where PRF has been shown to be effective in oral surgical procedures. A comprehensive literature search was performed up to 2017 on PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus and LILACS databases and grey literature. The full-text of potentially relevant studies were reviewed and only randomized clinical trials (RCTs) were included. A total of 559 studies were found, of which 30 were included for qualitative analysis and 13 for quantitative analysis. Three review authors assessed the risk of bias independently. The available literature suggests that PRF has a positive effect in improving alveolar preservation on extraction sockets and around dental implants. The qualitative analysis showed a significantly better effect of PRF in promoting bone regeneration for alveolar cleft reconstruction. The meta-analysis for third molar surgery showed a decrease in prevalence of alveolar osteitis. PRF increased implant stability 1 week and 1 month after surgery (P = 0.0005 and 0.0003). Due to the lack of studies with low risk of bias and a limited number of patients available, further RCTs are needed to confirm these results.

https://ift.tt/2LGDcGb

Speech audiometry in noise: Development of the French-language VRB (vocale rapide dans le bruit) test

Publication date: Available online 30 July 2018

Source: European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Diseases

Author(s): F. Leclercq, C. Renard, C. Vincent

Abstract

Introduction

Understanding speech in noise is a major challenge for most hearing-impaired subjects, with or without hearing aids. To overcome the weaknesses of French-language speech-in-noise tests, we developed a new instrument, with a balanced mix of difficulty of the speech material.

Material and methods

The speech material comprised 127 sentences taken from the "Marginal Benefit from Acoustic Amplification" (MBAA) corpus, each including 3 keywords. The noise was created using the "onde vocale globale" (global vocal wave: OVG), described by Dodelé. The 127 speech/noise pairs were recorded individually after root-mean-square equalization. The first experiment, on 10 normal-hearing adults, determined the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) associated with 50% correct keyword identification in each sentence (SNR-50), using an ascending method with noise level set at 73 dB SPL. Relative levels between sentences and noise were then adjusted sentence by sentence to achieve an SNR-50 of 0 dB. The second experiment, with 12 normal-hearing adults, validated the equalization of sentence difficulty.

Results

Mean SNR-50 was −6.64 dB (σ = 1.47). Mean adjusted SNR-50 was 0.08 dB (σ = 0.55). Mean psychometric curve slope was 19.3%/dB, with low standard deviations, testifying to the sensitivity of the speech material.

Conclusion

The VRB (vocale rapide dans le bruit: rapid speech in noise) test is based on sentences from the MBAA corpus with background noise based on the OVG at different signal-to-noise ratios. The test is feasible and able to detect slight variations in speech-in-noise performance between subjects.

https://ift.tt/2AxkCeK

Zinc deficiency and severe protein–energy malnutrition in a child with atopic eczema

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2mZF5z6

Interaction between stress, cytokines, and salivary cortisol in pregnant and non-pregnant women with gingivitis

Abstract

Objectives

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of periodontal treatment on the inflammatory markers in gingival crevicular fluid and the concentration of salivary cortisol between non-pregnant and pregnant women with gingivitis.

Materials and methods

This study included 30 non-pregnant women (mean age 27.93 ± 6.61 years) and 30 pregnant women (mean age 28.93 ± 4.04 years). Each participant presented with the clinical symptoms of generalized, moderate-to-severe gingivitis. Saliva samples were collected by using the spitting method, and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples were collected by using the intrasulcular method at baseline and after 3 weeks. Non-surgical periodontal treatment (NPT) comprising scaling and oral hygiene instruction was administered after sample collection. The interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 levels in GCF and salivary cortisol concentrations were determined with using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results

The pregnant women exhibited significantly deeper pockets (p < 0.05) and greater gingival inflammation (p < 0.05) than the non-pregnant women after periodontal therapy. Moreover, the levels of interleukin-6 in the GCF were significantly higher in the pregnant women compared to the non-pregnant women after periodontal therapy: 17.73 ± 9.82 pg per site and 8.08 ± 4.51 pg per site, respectively, p < 0.05. No differences in the levels of interleukin-10 were observed. The pregnant women also exhibited higher cortisol concentration in the saliva after periodontal therapy, compared to the non-pregnant women, while the levels of stress (as seen on the perceived stress scale-10) were similar in both groups.

Conclusions

Although non-surgical periodontal therapy may reduce the clinical parameters of gingivitis, increasing levels of stress in pregnancy may reduce the individual's response to it. However, further studies are necessary to substantiate these early findings.

Clinical relevance

Psychosocial stress may increase the risk of periodontal disease by altering the behavioral and immune responses of the individual. Therefore, the levels of stress should be taken into consideration in order to increase the efficacy of periodontal therapy in pregnant patients.

https://ift.tt/2KciSHd

Comparing the Prognostic Value of the Eighth Edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer/Tumor Node Metastasis Staging System Between Papillary and Follicular Thyroid Cancer

Thyroid, Ahead of Print.


https://ift.tt/2v2yQyH

The Prognostic Impact of Tumor Size in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma is Modified by Age

Thyroid, Ahead of Print.


https://ift.tt/2Kd00I3

Early Determinants of Thyroid Function Outcomes in Children with Congenital Hypothyroidism and a Normally Located Thyroid Gland: A Regional Cohort Study

Thyroid, Ahead of Print.


https://ift.tt/2LKefZR