Melatonin Exerts Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidant, and Neuromodulatory Effects That Could Potentially Be Useful in the Treatment of Vertigo

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Melatonin Exerts Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidant, and Neuromodulatory Effects That Could Potentially Be Useful in the Treatment of Vertigo Via International Journal of Otolaryngology The acute phase of vertigo involves multiple neurotransmitters, inflammatory mediators, and products of oxidative stress. The vestibular pathway has multiple melatonin receptors distributed along its path, both centrally and peripherally. In addition, melatonin has been shown to be a powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent against factors related to vertigo, such as Bax/caspases, interleukins, and chemokines. Likewise, it exerts central GABAergic, antidopaminergic, and anti-migraine functions and regulates sympathetic activity in a similar way to the drugs classically used in acute vestibular crisis. In this review, the role of melatonin as a potential treatment of the acute phase of vertigo is discussed. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

USPSTF Recommendation for Hearing-Loss Screening Among Older Adults

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader USPSTF Recommendation for Hearing-Loss Screening Among Older Adults Via JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery Online First The United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recently revisited and reviewed the evidence on assessing the balance of benefit and harm for screening older adults for hearing loss and reaffirmed the conclusion from its last review in 2012 that there is "insufficient evidence" to make a recommendation (I statement). The USPSTF report is based on an updated evidence report and systematic review performed by Feltner and colleagues. The group conducted a rigorous review of major databases and found that relatively few studies had reported on the benefits of hearing care intervention and those that had were not generalizable to the general population because they were mostly performed in veteran populations with no subpopulation analyses. Moreover, no studies assessed for evidence of the presence of unintended harms and consequences of hearing screening and intervention. Lastly, the review did conclude that multiple screening methods can accurately detect hearing loss in older adults. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Does Submandibular Gland Sacrificing Neck Dissection Decrease Salivary Output and Quality of Life?

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Does Submandibular Gland Sacrificing Neck Dissection Decrease Salivary Output and Quality of Life? Via O.R.L. Journal for oto-rhino-laryngology and its borderlands Purpose: Our study aimed to quantify the impact of submandibular gland (SMG) resection during Level I neck dissection (ND) on stimulated salivary output (SSO) and xerostomia-related quality of life in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). Methods: A retrospective cohort was formed from 32 patients that underwent unilateral or bilateral Level I ND and a control group of 23 patients that had level II–IV ND. SSO (Saxon test) and University of Washington Quality of Life survey results for both groups were compared. Results: Mean SSO was 3.41 g in the SMG resection group and 3.86 g in the control group, with no significant statistical difference. There was no difference in mean SSO between patients with 2 SMGs, a single remaining SMG, or no glands. The mean SSO of SMG resection cases with a history of adjuvant RT was 2.61 g which was below the xerostomia threshold for the Saxon test (2.75 g) and control group patients with RT had a significantly higher mean SSO (4.07 g). The lowest UW-QoL saliva domain score average (53.8) was in the SMG-resected, RT-positive group. Conclusion: Results indicate unilateral or bilateral resection of SMG does not reduce SSO to a significant extent. Adjuvant radiotherapy and SMG resection are additive risk factors for xerostomia and the related loss in quality of life. SMG sparing may be necessary in HNC patients with higher risk for the need of adjuvant radiation. ORL View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Symptoms of Depression in Patients with Chemosensory Disorders

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Symptoms of Depression in Patients with Chemosensory Disorders Via O.R.L. Journal for oto-rhino-laryngology and its borderlands Introduction: Patients with chemosensory dysfunction frequently report symptoms of depression. The current study aims to clarify whether the type (smell dysfunction, taste dysfunction, and mixed smell and taste dysfunction), severity, duration, or cause of dysfunction have differential impacts on the symptoms of depression. Methods: 899 patients with chemosensory disorders and 62 controls were included. Following a structured interview and an otorhinolaryngological examination, subjects underwent olfactory tests (Sniffin' Sticks), gustatory tests (taste sprays) and an assessment of depressive symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory). Information on the cause and duration of disorders was also collected. Results: Patients with combined olfactory/gustatory dysfunction had higher depression scores than patients with smell dysfunction only and controls, and no significant difference was found between the smell dysfunction and controls. Anosmi a patients, but not hyposmia patients, exhibited higher depression scores than controls. Among various causes of chemosensory disorders, patients from the posttraumatic group had higher depression scores than patients with other causes of chemosensory dysfunction (sinonasal, idiopathic, or postinfectious). Multiple linear regression analyses suggested that reduced olfactory function was associated with enhanced depression scores in the olfactory disorders group (B = −0.326, t = −2.294, and p = 0.02) and in all patients with chemosensory disorders (B = −0.374, t = −2.550, p = 0.017). Discussion/Conclusion: Simultaneously decreased input of olfaction and gustation seems to have an additive effect on the exacerbation of emotional dysfunction. Early intervention should be considered for depression symptoms in patients with mixed olfactory/gustatory dysfunction in clinical practice. ORL View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

pT3 N0 Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Oncologic Outcomes and Prognostic Factors of Surgically Treated Patients

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader pT3 N0 Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Oncologic Outcomes and Prognostic Factors of Surgically Treated Patients Via The Laryngoscope Objectives/Hypothesis To assess the disease control, survival rates, and prognostic factors of exclusive surgical treatment for patients with pT3 N0 laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). Study Design Multicentric retrospective cohort study. Methods Multicentric retrospective case series of previously untreated patients with pT3 R0N0 LSCC, who received exclusive surgery between 2011 and 2019. Tumor location; subsite involvement; grading; and lymphatic, vascular, and perineural invasion were reported. Overall survival (OS), disease‐specific survival (DSS), and disease‐free survival (DFS) were measured. Results Fifty‐four patients (mean age 67.1; male sex 83.3%; mean follow‐up period 37 months) underwent total laryngectomy (48.1%) or partial laryngectomy (51.9%). Ipsilateral or bilateral neck dissection was performed in 46 (85.2%) cases. Perineural invasion was more frequent in case of supraglottic involvement than glottic involvement (85.7% vs. 14.3%, P = .03). Five (9.3%) patients experienced recurrence (3 local recurrences, 1 nodal recurrence, 1 distant recurrence). Rate of recurrence differed between glottic (0%), supraglottic (80%), and transglottic (20%) tumors (P = .01), with a lower risk yielded by glottic involvement (odds ratio [OR], 0.05, 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.01–0.56, P = .01). A higher risk was recorded in case of perineural invasion (OR, 66.0, 95% CI, 1.41–3085.3, P = .03). The OS, DSS, and DFS were 79.6%, 96.3%, and 90.7%, without differences regarding the type of surgery. The DFS was lower in case of supraglottic involve ment when compared to purely glottic LSCC (83.9% vs. 100%, P = 0.02). Conclusions Exclusive surgery is a safe option for patients with pT3 R0N0 LSCC. Adjuvant treatments or closer follow‐up monitoring might be considered in case of supraglottic involvement or perineural invasion. Level of Evidence 4 Laryngoscope, 2021 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Hydroxyapatite bone cement in the reconstruction of defects of the long process of the incus: Personal experience and literature review

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Hydroxyapatite bone cement in the reconstruction of defects of the long process of the incus: Personal experience and literature review Via American Journal of Otolaryngology Publication date: Available online 22 March 2021 Source: American Journal of Otolaryngology Author(s): Konstantinos Mantsopoulos, Vivian Thimsen, Felix Wohlleben, Lava Taha, Matti Sievert, Sarina Katrin Müller, Miguel Goncalves, Heinrich Iro, Joachim Hornung View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Diagnosis and management of pharyngoesophageal stenosis: A comprehensive approach to prophylactic, endoscopic, and reconstructive treatment options

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Diagnosis and management of pharyngoesophageal stenosis: A comprehensive approach to prophylactic, endoscopic, and reconstructive treatment options Via American Journal of Otolaryngology Publication date: Available online 22 March 2021 Source: American Journal of Otolaryngology Author(s): Sarah L. Spaulding, Edward Ansari, Monica H. Xing, Mykayla L. Sandler, Quinn F. O'Malley, Rebecca Ho, Hannah Spitzer, Juliana Levy, Cindy Ganz, Azita S. Khorsandi, Neil Mundi, Mark L. Urken View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.