The Effects of Round Window Membrane Injury and the Use of a Model Electrode Application on Hearing in Rats

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader The Effects of Round Window Membrane Injury and the Use of a Model Electrode Application on Hearing in Rats Via ear nose throat Ear Nose Throat J. 2021 Mar 23:145561321990188. doi: 10.1177/0145561321990188. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of the mechanical trauma to the round window, a model electrode inserted into the scala tympani on the cochlear reserve, and the efficacy of topical steroids in preventing hearing loss. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 21 male Wistar Albino rats were equally categorized into three groups. In all groups an initial mechanical injury t o round window was created. Only subsequent dexamethasone injection was administrated into the cochlea in the subjects of group 2 while a multichannel cochlear implant guide inserted into the cochlea prior to dexamethasone administration for group 3. Distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) were obtained prior to and immediately after the surgical injury, eventually on postoperative seventh day (d 7). Mean signal/noise ratios (S/Ns) obtained at 2000, 3000, and 4000 Hz were calculated. Data sets were compared with non-parametric statistical tests. RESULTS: The early intraoperative mean S/Ns were significantly less than preoperative measurements for group 1 and 2; however, preoperative and postoperative d 7 average S/Ns did not differ. There was statistically significant difference between preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative d 7 average S/Ns for group 3. CONCLUSION: We observed that hearing was restored approximately to the preoperative levels following early postoperative repair. However, an electrode insertion into the cochlea via round window subsequent to mechanical trauma seems to cause a progressive hearing loss. Therefore, a special care must be taken to avoid the injury to the round window membrane in the course of the placement of a cochlear implant electrode and surgery for the chronic otitis media. PMID:33752466 | DOI:10.1177/0145561321990188 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Computed Tomography Evaluation of Unilateral Chronic Maxillary Sinusitis With Osteitis

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Computed Tomography Evaluation of Unilateral Chronic Maxillary Sinusitis With Osteitis Via ear nose throat Ear Nose Throat J. 2021 Mar 23:145561321993936. doi: 10.1177/0145561321993936. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Computed tomography (CT) is the preferred noninvasive method for the evaluation of osteitis in chronic sinusitis. Some scholars believe that the bone changes associated with chronic sinusitis always show high attenuation (high density) and are positively correlated with the severity of the disease. However, sinus bone remodeling is a complex process that may cause high or low attenuation. There have been few reports on the spread of osteitis. Therefore, additional research on sinus CT is necessary. OBJECTIVE: To observe bony changes in chronic maxillary sinusitis (CMS) by CT and reveal the mechanism. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted in 45 patients with unilateral CMS with bony changes in the sinus walls. The patients' clinical data and CT results were analyzed and compared between the affected and normal sides. We propose the location, involvement, attenuation, and thickness method to evaluate CMS with osteitis. RESULTS: Of the 45 patients, 40 (88.9%), 2, 12, and 7 had posterior external, medial, anterior, and superior lesions, respectively. The nasal region, sphenoid bone, palatine bone, and zygomatic arch were involved in 3, 12, 8, and 18 (40%) patients, respectively. Computed tomography indicated high attenuation in 30 (75.0%) and low attenuation in 10 (25.0%) patients; 6 (15.0%) showed new bone mar row cavities. The bone thickness was significantly different between the affected and normal sides in 40 patients (P < .001), including members of both the high- and low-attenuation groups (high-attenuation group: P < .001; low-attenuation group: P < .01). However, there was no significant difference in the thickness of the affected side between the high- and low-attenuation groups (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS: Chronic rhinosinusitis with bony changes may occur in the maxillary sinus walls and spread to adjacent bones. Both increased and decreased attenuation may occur in these circumstances. Analyzing the CT features of bone changes in unilateral CMS can improve the accuracy of disease diagnosis. PMID:33752463 | DOI:10.1177/0145561321993936 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Diffuse-Type Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor Arising in the Temporomandibular Joint Extending to the External Auditory Canal: A Case Report and Literature Review

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Diffuse-Type Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor Arising in the Temporomandibular Joint Extending to the External Auditory Canal: A Case Report and Literature Review Via ear nose throat Ear Nose Throat J. 2021 Mar 23:1455613211002954. doi: 10.1177/01455613211002954. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT A 74-year-old Japanese woman with a 1-year history of right preauricular pain and a 2-month history of bleeding from the right ear was admitted to our department. Tumor was observed in the anterior wall in the right external auditory canal. Bony swelling of the right preauricular area was palpated. Computed tomography revealed an ill-defined, osteogenic tumor arou nd the mandibular condyle with a destructive bony lesion involving the temporal bone. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 2.0 × 1.5 × 1.3-cm solid tumor around the mandibular condyle, exhibiting a low-intensity signal on T1-weighted imaging and an isointense central area surrounded by low-signal intensity on T2-weighted imaging. Histological examination of biopsy specimens revealed diffuse-type tenosynovial giant cell tumor (D-TGCT). After the feeding arteries for the tumor were embolized, the patient underwent surgery with combined temporal craniotomy and mandibular condylectomy. The soft and cystic tumor with calcification located in the extradural space was totally resected along with the mandibular condyle. No facial paralysis or recurrence was evident as of 6 months postoperatively. To date, only 23 cases of D-TGCT arising in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) with ear involvement have been reported since 2011. We report successful resection of a rare case of D-TGCT arising in the TMJ. PMID:33752465 | DOI:10.1177/01455613211002954 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

A Case of Cochlear Implant Replacement Requiring Full-Thickness Skin Grafting

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader A Case of Cochlear Implant Replacement Requiring Full-Thickness Skin Grafting Via ear nose throat Ear Nose Throat J. 2021 Mar 23:145561321996837. doi: 10.1177/0145561321996837. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Cochlear implants improve the quality of life of patients with bilateral severe sensorineural hearing loss. Normally, patients with cochlear implants can continue to use the devices for years without any complications. However, equipment failure or infection at the implant site could develop in some patients, and this might often necessitate implant replacement. Alt hough cochlear implant replacement surgery itself is not a major risk in most cases, extensive tissue resection will be required in cases involving infection, and the insertion site of the temporal bone implant will need to be changed. We encountered a case of skin necrosis at the temporal bone implant site caused by constant external irritation from the temple of an eyeglass frame. The patient underwent cochlear implant replacement surgery involving full-thickness skin grafting from the abdomen. Thereafter, the patient's condition improved. Full-thickness skin grafting can be useful in cases of extensive skin defects encountered during cochlear implant replacement. PMID:33752464 | DOI:10.1177/0145561321996837 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Anxio-depressive symptoms in Moroccan women with gynecological cancer: Relief factors

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Anxio-depressive symptoms in Moroccan women with gynecological cancer: Relief factors Via Association française pour l'étude du cancer Bull Cancer. 2021 Mar 19:S0007-4551(21)00071-0. doi: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2020.12.011. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Psychosocial determinants can affect the mental health of women who have been diagnosed with gynecological cancer. The aim of this study was to examine how social support and self-esteem are associated with anxiety and depression symptoms in women with gynecological cancer, and who are treated by radical surgery. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed, within the oncology department of Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Casablanca, on 100 Moroccan women. They all had undergone radical surgery for gynecological cancer, hysterectomy and/or oophorectomy. RESULTS: Our results showed that patients with gynecological cancer treated by radical surgery exhibited high prevalence rates of anxiety (66%) and depression symptoms (59%). Associations showed that age, having children, medical coverage system, area of residence, working status and socioeconomic status were significantly related to the prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms (P<0.05). The general social support, family support and significant other support besides high self-esteem reduce significantly the risk of getting anxiety and depression symptoms (P-values<0.05). DISCUSSION: Among patients with gynecological cancer treated by radical surgery, high prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms was found. Social support and high self-esteem could help improve mental health issues related to this type of cancer. PMID:33752868 | DOI:10.1016/j.bulcan.2020.12.011 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Melatonin Exerts Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidant, and Neuromodulatory Effects That Could Potentially Be Useful in the Treatment of Vertigo

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Melatonin Exerts Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidant, and Neuromodulatory Effects That Could Potentially Be Useful in the Treatment of Vertigo Via International Journal of Otolaryngology The acute phase of vertigo involves multiple neurotransmitters, inflammatory mediators, and products of oxidative stress. The vestibular pathway has multiple melatonin receptors distributed along its path, both centrally and peripherally. In addition, melatonin has been shown to be a powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent against factors related to vertigo, such as Bax/caspases, interleukins, and chemokines. Likewise, it exerts central GABAergic, antidopaminergic, and anti-migraine functions and regulates sympathetic activity in a similar way to the drugs classically used in acute vestibular crisis. In this review, the role of melatonin as a potential treatment of the acute phase of vertigo is discussed. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

USPSTF Recommendation for Hearing-Loss Screening Among Older Adults

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader USPSTF Recommendation for Hearing-Loss Screening Among Older Adults Via JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery Online First The United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recently revisited and reviewed the evidence on assessing the balance of benefit and harm for screening older adults for hearing loss and reaffirmed the conclusion from its last review in 2012 that there is "insufficient evidence" to make a recommendation (I statement). The USPSTF report is based on an updated evidence report and systematic review performed by Feltner and colleagues. The group conducted a rigorous review of major databases and found that relatively few studies had reported on the benefits of hearing care intervention and those that had were not generalizable to the general population because they were mostly performed in veteran populations with no subpopulation analyses. Moreover, no studies assessed for evidence of the presence of unintended harms and consequences of hearing screening and intervention. Lastly, the review did conclude that multiple screening methods can accurately detect hearing loss in older adults. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.