Machine learning can identify patients at risk of hyperparathyroidism without known calcium and intact parathyroid hormone

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Machine learning can identify patients at risk of hyperparathyroidism without known calcium and intact parathyroid hormone Via Head & Neck Abstract Background To prove the concept of diagnosing primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) without calcium and parathyroid hormone (PTH) values and identifying potential risk factors for pHPT. Methods Data were extracted from the clinical data warehouse (CDW) at the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS) Epic EHR (2014–2019). Results 1737 patients with over 185 000 rows of clinical data were provided in a relational structure and processed/flattened to facilitate modeling. Phenotype elements were identified for pHPT without advance knowledge of calcium and PTH levels. The area under the curve (AUC) for the prediction of pHPT using our model was 0.86 with sensitivity and specificity of 0.8953 and 0.6686, respectively, using a 0.45 probability threshold. Conclusion Primary hyperparathyroidism was predicted from a dataset excluding calcium and PTH data with 86% accuracy. This approach needs to be validated/refined on larger samples of data and plans are in place to do this with other regional/national datasets. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Proof of Concept Study For Using UR10 Robot To Help Total Hip Replacement

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Proof of Concept Study For Using UR10 Robot To Help Total Hip Replacement Via The International Journal of Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery Abstract Background The demand for total hip replacement (THR) for treating osteoarthritis has grown substantially worldwide. The existing robotic systems used in THR are invasive and costly. This study aims to develop a less-invasive and low-cost robotic system to assist THR surgery. Methods A preliminary robotic reaming system was developed based on a UR10 robot equipped with a reamer to cut acetabulum. A novel approach was proposed to cut through a 5mm hole in femur such that the operation is less invasive to the patients. Results The average error of the cutting hemisphere by the robotic reaming system is 0.118 2 mm which is smaller than the average result reaming by hand (0.130 1 mm) Conclusion The robotic reaming can help make THR procedures less invasive and more accurate. Moreover, the system is expected to be significantly less expensive than the robotic systems available in the market at present. This article is protecte d by copyright. All rights reserved. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

A Systematic Review of Robotic Surgery: From Supervised Paradigms To Fully Autonomous Robotic Approaches

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader A Systematic Review of Robotic Surgery: From Supervised Paradigms To Fully Autonomous Robotic Approaches Via The International Journal of Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery Abstract Background From traditional open surgery to laparoscopic surgery and robot-assisted surgery (RAS), advances in robotics, machine learning, and imaging are pushing the surgical approach to-wards better clinical outcomes. Pre-clinical and clinical evidence suggests that automation may standardise techniques, increase efficiency, and reduce clinical complications. Methods A PRISMA-guided search was conducted across PubMed and OVID. Results Of the 89 screened articles, 51 met the inclusion criteria, with 10 included in the final review. Automatic data segmentation, trajectory planning, intra-operative registration, trajectory drilling, and soft tissue robotic surgery were discussed. Conclusion Although automated surgical systems remain conceptual, several research groups have developed supervised autonomous robotic surgical systems with increasing consideration for ethico-legal issues for automation. Automation paves the way for precision surgery and improved safety and opens new possibilities for deploying more robust artificial intelligence models, better imaging modalities and robotics to improve clinical outcomes. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Implementing a Tailored Psychosocial Distress Screening Protocol in a Head and Neck Cancer Program

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Implementing a Tailored Psychosocial Distress Screening Protocol in a Head and Neck Cancer Program Via The Laryngoscope Objectives/Hypothesis Psychosocial distress is common among patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) and is associated with poorer quality of life and clinical outcomes. Despite these risks, distress screening is not widely implemented in HNC care. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of psychosocial distress and its related factors in routine care of patients with HNC. Methods Data from medical records between September 2017 and March 2020 were analyzed. Psychosocial distress was measured by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network's Distress Thermometer (DT), and a modified HNC-specific problem list; depression and anxiety were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-4. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were conducted to report prevalence of distress, depression and anxiety, and factors associated with clinical distress. Implementation outcomes, including rates of referrals and follow-up for distressed patients, are also reported. Results Two hundred and eighty seven HNC patients completed the questionnaire (age 64.3 ± 14.9 years), with a mean distress score of 4.51 ± 3.35. Of those, 57% (n = 163) reported clinical distress (DT ≥ 4). Pain (odds ratio [OR] = 3.31, 95% CI = 1.75–6.26), fatigue (OR = 2.43, 95% CI = 1.1.7–5.05), anxiety (OR = 1.63, 95% CI = 1.30–2.05), and depression (OR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.04–2.18) were significantly associated with clinical distress (P < .05). Of patients identified as distressed, 79% received same-day psychosocial evaluation. Conclusions Clinical distress was identified in 57% of patients who completed the questionnaire, suggesting that an ultra-brief psychosocial screening protocol can be implemented in routine ambulatory oncology care, and identifies patients whose distress might otherwise go unrecognized. Level of Evidence 4 Laryngoscope, 2021 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Case Reports in Otolaryngology

Arteriovenous Malformation in the Auricle in a 59-Year-Old Woman, Junhui Jeong Volume 2021 (2021), Article ID 7438571, 3 pages

A Case of Nasopharyngeal Mycobacteriosis with Bony Erosion of the External Skull Base, Kohei Matsuo, Satoshi Tanaka, Masayuki Sakata, Hiroki Takeda, Akihiro Nagata, Masashi Mori, Rie Ito, Yoshifumi Yamamoto, Kiyonobu Ueno, and Atsuhiko Uno Volume 2021 (2021), Article ID 7500273, 4 pages

Deep Neck Infection: Atypical Presentation of Papillary Thyroid Cancer, Apichana Mahattanapreut, Rangsima Aroonroch, Chalermchai Chintrakarn, and Chutintorn Sriphrapradang Volume 2021 (2021), Article ID 1479201, 4 pages

Alobar Holoprosencephaly with Cebocephaly in a Neonate Born to an HIV-Positive Mother in Eastern Uganda, Franck Katembo Sikakulya, Sonye Magugu Kiyaka, Robert Masereka, and Robinson Ssebuufu Volume 2021 (2021), Article ID 7282283, 4 pages

ALK-Positive Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma: A Diagnostic Dilemma for the Otolaryngologist in a Resource Poor Setting, Nicholas Figaro, Rickhi Ramoutar, Rodolfo Arozarena, Dawn Meyers, and Solaiman Juman Volume 2021 (2021), Article ID 3756742, 6 pages

INI1-Intact Sinonasal Carcinoma with Rhabdoid Features, Erin Mulry, Danielle M. Blake, Poornima Hegde, and Todd E. Falcone Volume 2021 (2021), Article ID 6075130, 3 pages

Bilateral Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Palsy following Total Thyroidectomy in Triple A Syndrome, an Unexpected but Critical Complication, Mathieu Chamberland, Marc-Antoine Poulin, and Danielle Beaudoin Volume 2021 (2021), Article ID 1315117, 3 pages

Importance of Imaging in Congenital Unilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis: A Case of Neck Neuroblastoma Presenting with Unilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis, W. X. Yeo, C. Y. Chan, and K. K. H. Tan Volume 2021 (2021), Article ID 7368567, 4 pages

A Rare Complication of Fine-Needle Aspiration of Neck Structures, Yazeed M. Qadadha, Nainika Nanda, Chad Ennis, and Timothy McCulloch Volume 2021 (2021), Article ID 8944119, 5 pages

Delayed-Onset Neuropathic Pain after Septoplasty, Foteini-Stefania Koumpa, Mark Ferguson, and Hesham Saleh Volume 2021 (2021), Article ID 9966318, 4 pages

Docosahexaenoic acid supplementation alleviates behavioral memory impairment caused via repeated administration of sevoflurane in aged rats

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Docosahexaenoic acid supplementation alleviates behavioral memory impairment caused via repeated administration of sevoflurane in aged rats Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2022 Jan;23(1):46. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.10968. Epub 2021 Nov 15. ABSTRACT Elderly patients often need repeated surgical intervention, so it is important to determine the impact of repeated exposure to anesthetics on learning and memory. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is considered to be an essential nutrient for maintaining brain health. The aim of the present study was to explore the potential effects of DHA on memory impairment induced by repeated sevoflurane anesthesia in aged rats. A total of 54 Sprague Dawley aged rats (18 months) were randomly divided into the following six groups: i) Control group; ii) sevoflurane group (Sev, 2.5% for 5 min); iii) DHA group (3 g/kg); iv) Sev + DHA (0.3 g/kg) group; v) Sev + DHA (1 g/kg) group; and vi) Sev + DHA (3 g/kg) group. Morris water maze experiment was performed to evaluate the learning and memory ability of the rats following treatment. H&E staining was used to observe any histological changes. Superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde and glutathione peroxidase levels were detected using ELISA. Immunohistochemistry and western blotting were used to determine nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) protein expression levels. Following repeated sevoflurane anesthesia, rats exhibited a prolonged escape latency. The number of times rats crossed the platform and the time spent in the target quadrant were also significantly reduced by repeated sevoflurane anesthesia. However, rats treated with Sev + DHA exhibited a reduced escape latency, whilst the number of times they crossed the platform and the time spent in the target quadrant increased compared with Sev treatment alone. Histopathological examination revealed that DHA treatment ameliorated the disordered neuron arrangement, deep staining of the neuronal nucleus pyknosis and cell edema observed in the brain tissue induced by repeated sevoflurane anesthesia. Furthermo re, the protein expression levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 were demonstrated to be significantly increased in rats treated with DHA and exposed to repeated sevoflurane anesthesia compared with those in untreated rats that underwent repeated sevoflurane anesthesia. In conclusion, the present study revealed that DHA exerted protective effects against impairments in learning and memory induced by repeated sevoflurane anesthesia in aged rats, which may be associated with the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. PMID:34934425 | PMC:PMC8652387 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.10968 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Role of methylene blue in detecting the sentinel lymph node in colorectal cancer: In vivo vs. ex vivo technique

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Role of methylene blue in detecting the sentinel lymph node in colorectal cancer: <em>In vivo</em> vs. <em>ex vivo</em> technique Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2022 Jan;23(1):72. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.10995. Epub 2021 Nov 24. ABSTRACT The identification of sentinel lymph nodes is a valuable oncological method, which aims at mapping lymphatic drainage and has the advantage of correctly staging the disease and assessing prognosis. Lymph node invasion is an important prognostic feature. In colorectal cancer, lymphadenectomy is not influenced by the positive or negative status of the sentinel lymph node. The identification of lymph nodes with possible invasion by staining the primary tumor with methylene blue can lead to improved staging and management. In other words, the consequent administration of neoadjuvant therapy (chemotherapy) to the appropriate patients may result in lower recurrence rates. Thus, the aim of the present study was to use methylene blue to identify the sentinel node/nodes in colorectal cancer and to determine whether the dye-capturing nodes were invaded by th e tumor. This is a non-randomized prospective study, in which 26 patients with colon cancer with surgical indication were enrolled. Two types of methods were utilized: in vivo (16 patients) and ex vivo (10 patients). The identification rate was 75% for the in vivo technique and 60% for the ex vivo technique, resulting in a 69.26% overall identification rate. Of 18 patients with sentinel lymph nodes identified using dye, routine histological examination detected metastases in 6 (33.33%) of these patients. In conclusion, further research should be conducted into how the clinical application of sentinel node detection can be employed in colorectal cancer. PMID:34934443 | PMC:PMC8649879 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.10995 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.