Endogenous fluorescence analysis: preliminary study revealing the potential of this non-invasive method to study mummified samples

Abstract

Autofluorescence analysis allows new insights on human tissue without any dye in a non-invasive way and therefore seems well suited to study historical samples. An optical set-up recorded emitted autofluorescence in 1/spectral and 2/lifetime domains from different samples' regions of interest. The studied samples were: a mummified right hand; bog body (Tollund Man) feet, and a Caucasian male hand (control sample). Spectral analysis revealed that mummified hand exhibited broad autofluorescence spectra whereas Tollund Man feet exhibited a weak single peak with 405 nm excitation wavelength. Control sample spectra is weaker than that of the mummified hand but higher than the Tollund Man feet's. Lifetime measurements indicated the presence of classical endogenous fluorophores on the mummified right hand. The Tollund Man feet exhibited two patterns of lifetime measurements: healthy zone exhibited lifetime values at 4 emission wavelengths but skin lesions at only 2 wavelengths. This first report of mummified samples' autofluorescence analysis suggests the potential of optical analysis for archeologic research.

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Supratracheal partial laryngectomy: indications, oncologic and functional results.

Purpose of review: To describe current evidence about supratracheal laryngectomies, focusing on indications, contraindications, oncologic results, functional outcomes and side-effects of this 'extreme' function-sparing surgical approach to laryngeal cancer. Recent findings: In the latest years, some studies have analyzed oncologic and functional results of open partial supratracheal laryngectomy, a surgical approach whose modern technique was recently described. In selected patients, supratracheal partial laryngectomies show promising long-term oncologic and functional outcomes, similar to those of supracricoid partial laryngectomies. Summary: The application of supratracheal laryngectomy in the context of a surgical modular approach can be considered a valid and effective therapeutic choice for selected patients with glottic or transglottic laryngeal cancer with subglottic extension, not only in terms of oncologic results, but also in regard of functional outcomes. Copyright (C) 2017 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Utilization of ultrasound for diagnostic evaluation and management of peritonsillar abscesses.

Purpose of review: We outlined the management of peritonsillar abscess (PTA) through the use of ultrasound, an imaging modality that continues to emerge as a diverse diagnostic and treatment tool. Our review compares the use of ultrasound to alternative diagnostic modalities, particularly computed tomography (CT). Further, the review evaluates how ultrasound can be used to help facilitate guided drainage of PTA and serve as a suitable alternative to more invasive management options. Recent findings: Studies over the past 5 years have demonstrated that the initial management of PTA with ultrasound is a more cost-efficient and lower-risk option than imaging with CT. Ultrasound possesses great specificity for PTA and may be more diagnostically accurate than previously thought. Ultrasound is particularly well tolerated in children and adults, avoids radiation exposure, as well as minimizes false-positive aspirations. In addition, the ability to utilize ultrasound from different approaches allows for flexibility in the management of PTA. Summary: These findings illustrate that ultrasound is being increasingly considered in the management of stable patients presenting with PTA. Copyright (C) 2017 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Immediate post-extraction implants with or without pure platelet-rich plasma: a 5-year follow-up study

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study was comparison of clinical and radiographic outcomes of immediate post-extraction implants with or without the use of pure platelet-rich plasma (P-PRP) in the short- and medium-term follow-up.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was performed to assess soft tissue healing, implant and prosthesis survival, marginal bone level changes and biological complications.

Results

A total of 109 partially edentulous patients with 126 implants were included in this analysis. At 4–5 years after loading, cumulative survival rate in test group was 97.4% and in control group was 97.8%, with no significant differences. After 5 years of function, marginal bone loss (MBL) in test group was 0.8 ± 0.35 and 1.02 ± 0.27 mm for immediate and delayed loading, respectively, and in control group was 0.6 ± 0.16 and 0.8 ± 0.89 mm for immediate and delayed loading, respectively. No significant differences in MBL were observed intragroups and intergroups at any time point considered. Soft tissue healing score was significantly higher in test group compared to the control at 3 and 7 days after surgery, with significant differences.

Conclusions

P-PRP implant group showed a better soft tissue management and wound healing in the first 7 days after surgery compared to non-P-PRP implant group. In the medium-term follow-up, comparable clinical and radiographic outcomes were noticed between two groups.

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Phenotypic analysis of circulating T-cell subset and its association with burden of skin disease in patients with chronic actinic dermatitis: a hematologic and clinicopathologic study of 20 subjects

Abstract

Background

Chronic actinic dermatitis (CAD) is a recurrent photosensitive dermatitis that occurs predominantly on sun-exposed areas with unknown etiology. In severe cases, it may present with erythroderma, which is clinicopathologically analogous to cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Typically, inflammatory infiltrates in the skin lesions are mainly CD8⁺ reactive T cells. However, hematologic characteristics of CAD have not been fully elucidated.

Methods

Twenty patients with CAD ranging in age from 45 to 86 years (median, 64), including 17 males and three females (M/F ratio, 5.7), were examined. All patients were phototested for UV light. In addition, seven of the 20 patients with extensive eruption were also tested for visible light. All biopsy specimens were obtained from the CAD eruptions (n = 25 lesions). Histopathologic and immunohistochemical studies were performed. Furthermore, flow cytometric analysis was performed to determine the CD4/8 ratio using peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 13 of the 20 patients.

Results

In 11 of the 20 patients (55%), the eruption was localized to sun-exposed areas. Skin-infiltrating T cells were CD8-dominant in the CAD eruption. Three patients (15%) showed erythroderma with a reduced CD4/8 ratio (median, 0.7) of peripheral mononuclear cells. As for treatment, eight of the 20 patients (40%) required oral cyclosporine in addition to topical therapies. Subsequently, the reduced CD4/8 ratio was normalized after treatment in two of the three patients with erythroderma.

Conclusions

We considered that there appeared to be a relationship between the reduced CD4/8 ratio of circulating T cells (hematologic burden) and the affected area (skin burden).

http://ift.tt/2liAUj4

Evaluation of a Two-Year Routine Application of Molecular Testing of Thyroid Fine-Needle Aspirations Using a Seven-Gene Panel in a Primary Referral Setting in Germany

Thyroid , Vol. 0, No. 0.


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Newer proposed classification of periimplant defects: A critical update

Publication date: Available online 7 February 2017
Source:Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research
Author(s): Deepak Passi, Mahinder Singh, Shubha Ranjan Dutta, Sarang Sharma, Mansi Atri, Jyoti Ahlawat, Abhinav Jain
The term peri-implantitis is used to describe a destructive inflammatory process affecting the soft and hard tissues around osseo integrated implants, leads to the formation of a peri-implant pocket and loss of supporting bone. Predisposing factors are Poor Plaque Control, inflammation, infection, Smoking, Diabetes and Occlusal Overload. It is diagnosed on the basis of clinical and radiographic interpretation and still no definite criteria have been proposed for the diagnosis and treatment of peri-implantitis. However treatment can be both conservative and surgical. The cumulative interceptive supportive therapy protocol serves as good guide for the treatment of the peri-implantitis. There is lack of a standard classification system to differentiate the various degrees of peri-implantitis, which produces dilemma in evaluating the stages clinical and radiological status, treatment and its outcome. Many classification has been proposed in medical literature with their pros and cons but still there is lack of standard classification system of implant defects and definite treatment protocol according to the same. The classification should be easy to use, clearly understandable and help in communication by clinicians of different speciality. This review aimed to introduce a classification system based on added clinical, and detailed radiological parameters with prognosis and staged treatment algorithms.



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