Apoptosis induced by caffeic acid phenethyl ester in human oral cancer cell lines: Involvement of Puma and Bax activation

Publication date: December 2017
Source:Archives of Oral Biology, Volume 84
Author(s): Hyun-Ju Yu, Ji-Ae Shin, In-Hyoung Yang, Dong-Hoon Won, Chi Hyun Ahn, Hye-Jeong Kwon, Jeong-Sang Lee, Nam-Pyo Cho, Eun-Cheol Kim, Hye-Jung Yoon, Jae Il Lee, Seong-Doo Hong, Sung-Dae Cho
ObjectiveCaffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), a natural honeybee product exhibits a spectrum of biological activities including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antitumor actions. The purpose of this research was to investigate the anticancer potential of CAPE and its molecular mechanism in human oral cancer cell lines (YD15, HSC-4 and HN22 cells).DesignTo determine the apoptotic activity of CAPE and identify its molecular targets, trypan blue exclusion assay, soft agar assay, Western blot analysis, DAPI staining, and live/dead assay were performed.ResultsCAPE significantly suppressed transformation of neoplastic cells induced by epidermal growth factor (EGF) and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) without inhibiting growth. CAPE treatment inhibited cell growth, increased the cleavages of caspase-3 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), and augmented the number of fragmented nuclei in human oral cancer cell lines. CAPE activated Bax protein causing it to undergo a conformational change, translocate to the mitochondrial outer membrane, and oligomere. CAPE also significantly increased Puma expression and interestingly Puma and Bax were co-localized.ConclusionOverall, these results suggest that CAPE is a potent apoptosis-inducing agent in human oral cancer cell lines. Its action is accompanied by up-regulation of Bax and Puma proteins.



http://ift.tt/2ycX9xk

Electroneurography in the acute stage of facial palsy as a predictive factor for the development of facial synkinesis sequela

Publication date: Available online 29 September 2017
Source:Auris Nasus Larynx
Author(s): Takahiro Azuma, Katsuhiko Nakamura, Mika Takahashi, Hitomi Miyoshi, Naoki Toda, Hidetaka Iwasaki, Noriaki Takeda
ObjectiveWe investigated whether the value of ENoG is a predictive factor for the development of facial synkinesis in patients with facial palsy.MethodsThe degree of oral-ocular synkinesis was evaluated quantitatively by an asymmetry of the interpalpebral space width during the mouth movement (% eye opening). Twenty healthy volunteers without a history of facial palsy (12 men and 8 women; 25–65 years old; mean age: 42.3±9.7years) were included in the study to examine the normal range of % eye opening. Fifty-one patients with facial palsy including 38 with Bell palsy and 15 with herpes zoster oticus (28 men and 25 women; 11–86 years old; mean age: 54±19years) were enrolled to examine the relationship between the ENoG value 10–14days after the onset of facial palsy, and the % eye opening 12 months later. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for the ENoG value was then used to decide the optimum cut-off value as a predictor of the development of oral-ocular synkinesis.ResultsWe defined a % eye opening inferior to 85% as an index of the development of oral-ocular synkinesis. There was a significant correlation between the values of ENoG 10–14days after the onset of facial palsy and those of % eye opening 12 months later (ρ=0.81, p<0.001). The area under the ROC curve for the ENoG value was the predictor for the development of oral-ocular synkinesis at 0.913 (95%CI: 0.831–0.996, p<0.001). The optimum cut-off value of ENoG 10–14days after the onset of facial palsy was 46.5% to predict the development of oral-ocular synkinesis 12 months after the onset of facial palsy (sensitivity 97.1% and specificity 77.5%).ConclusionThe value of ENoG 10–14days after the onset of facial palsy is a predictive factor for the development of facial synkinesis 12 months later. Since facial palsy patients with a ENoG value inferior to 46.5% have a high risk of developing synkinesis, they should receive the facial biofeedback rehabilitation with a mirror as a preventive therapy.



http://ift.tt/2fX0Egs

Comparison of snoring sounds between natural and drug-induced sleep recorded using a smartphone

Publication date: Available online 28 September 2017
Source:Auris Nasus Larynx
Author(s): Soo Kweon Koo, Soon Bok Kwon, Ji Seung Moon, Sang Hoon Lee, Ho Byung Lee, Sang Jun Lee
ObjectivesSnoring is an important clinical feature of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and recent studies suggest that the acoustic quality of snoring sounds is markedly different in drug-induced sleep compared with natural sleep. However, considering differences in sound recording methods and analysis parameters, further studies are required. This study explored whether acoustic analysis of drug-induced sleep is useful as a screening test that reflects the characteristics of natural sleep in snoring patients.Subjects and materialsThe snoring sounds of 30 male subjects (mean age=41.8years) were recorded using a smartphone during natural and induced sleep, with the site of vibration noted during drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE); then, we compared the sound intensity (dB), formant frequencies, and spectrograms of snoring sounds.ResultsRegarding the intensity of snoring sounds, there were minor differences within the retrolingual level obstruction group, but there was no significant difference between natural and induced sleep at either obstruction site. There was no significant difference in the F1 and F2 formant frequencies of snoring sounds between natural sleep and induced sleep at either obstruction site. Compared with natural sleep, induced sleep was slightly more irregular, with a stronger intensity on the spectrogram, but the spectrograms showed the same pattern at both obstruction sites.ConclusionAlthough further studies are required, the spectrograms and formant frequencies of the snoring sounds of induced sleep did not differ significantly from those of natural sleep, and may be used as a screening test that reflects the characteristics of natural sleep according to the obstruction site.



http://ift.tt/2ydoBLn

Fluorescence Imaging in Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy for Head and Neck Cancer

Conditions:   Head and Neck Cancer;   Cancer of the Head and Neck
Intervention:   Drug: IC-GREEN
Sponsor:   Washington University School of Medicine
Recruiting

http://ift.tt/2xGHkvA

Alterations of CCR5 and CCR7 expression on donor peripheral blood T cell subsets after mobilization with rhG-CSF correlate with acute graft-versus-host disease

Publication date: Available online 28 September 2017
Source:Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Meng Wang, Jian Hu, Zhi-Xiang Qiu, Wei Liu, Mang-Ju Wang, Yuan Li, Yu-Hua Sun, Sai-Nan Zhu, Han-Yun Ren, Yu-Jun Dong
To investigate the effects of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) on chemokine receptors and explore the potential mechanism of rhG-CSF inducing immune tolerance, ninety-seven donor and recipient pairs undergoing family-donor allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation were studied. The results indicated that different donors showed great disparities in expression changes after mobilization. Multivariate analysis revealed that both HLA mismatching and CCR7 downregulation on donors' CD4+ T cells after mobilization were independent risk factors for acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). In contrast, CCR5 downregulation on CD4+ T cells was associated with reduced incidence of acute GVHD. In conclusion, rhG-CSF mobilization could lead to differential regulation of chemokine receptors expression on T cell subsets in different donors. Downregulation of CCR5 and upregulation of CCR7 expression on donor CD4+ T cells might protect recipients from acute GVHD. This finding may provide a promising new strategy for the prevention and treatment of acute GVHD.



http://ift.tt/2xKyHli

The inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) products leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and cysteinyl leukotrienes (cysLTs) modulates the inflammatory response and improves cutaneous wound healing

Publication date: Available online 28 September 2017
Source:Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Francielle Rodrigues Guimarães, Helioswilton Sales-Campos, Viviani Nardini, Thiago Alvares da Costa, Monique Thaís Costa Fonseca, Virmondes Rodrigues Júnior, Carlos Artério Sorgi, João Santana da Silva, Javier Emílio Lazo Chica, Lúcia Helena Faccioli, Cristina Ribeiro de Barros Cardoso
To analyze the participation of the enzyme 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) in skin repair, WT wounds were compared to those in 5-LO deficient mice (5-LO^−/−), which presented faster closure and reduced inflammatory infiltrate in the skin, together with increased CD4 regulatory T cells markers in the draining lymph nodes. The 5-LO^−/− wounds also had diminished TNF-α, CCL11, CCL7, CCL2, CXCL9, CCR1 and CXCR2 mRNA expression in the lesions, besides differential extracellular matrix remodeling. Furthermore, when cysteinyl leukotriene (cysLT) and leukotriene (LTB4) receptors were antagonized in WT mice, there was a remarkable reduction in TNF-α expression and faster skin healing, similarly to the findings in 5-LO^−/− animals. Finally, our results suggested that 5-LO products, in special cysLT and LTB4, underline skin inflammation that follows skin injury and their neutralization may be an important strategy to improve cutaneous healing.



http://ift.tt/2fxkluQ

Iodine-125 brachytherapy alone for advanced primary parotid gland carcinoma

Publication date: Available online 28 September 2017
Source:International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Author(s): C. Zhou, J. Zhang, J.-G. Zhang, S.-M. Liu, L. Zheng, M.-W. Huang, Y. Shi, X.-M. Lv
This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of iodine-125 (¹²⁵I) brachytherapy alone for the treatment of advanced parotid gland carcinoma and to identify predictors of tumour control and patient survival. Primary parotid gland carcinoma patients (n=23) treated with ¹²⁵I brachytherapy alone between 1 October 2005 and 31 July 2013 at Peking University Stomatology Hospital were enrolled in this retrospective study. All had clinical stage IV disease. The prescribed dose was 60–160Gy. The local control rate, survival rate, and predictors of the prognosis were evaluated. Adverse events related to treatment were also noted. The average follow-up time was 29 months (range 9–74 months). Among the 23 patients, six had local failure and 11 died during the follow-up period. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates were 87.0%, 55.4%, and 47.5%, respectively. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year progression-free survival rates were 73.9%, 47.0%, and 39.2%, respectively. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year local control rates were 82.1%, 73.9%, and 73.9%, respectively. Age and distant metastasis were independent predictors of survival, while the preoperative duration of the disease was an independent predictor of local control. The use of ¹²⁵I seed brachytherapy alone for the treatment of primary parotid gland carcinoma can provide good short-term results without causing any severe side effects.



http://ift.tt/2xOzthA