JNA Journal Club

No abstract available

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Correction to: Effect of 1064-nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser on invasiveness and innate immune response in keratinocytes infected with Candida albicans

Abstract

In the published online version of the article, the authors' given and family names were incorrectly captured. The corrected names are shown in the author group section above.

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Effect of preoperative immunonutrition on postoperative short-term outcomes of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Abstract

Background

Patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) often acquire an impaired nutritional status resulting in compromised outcomes. Perioperative immunonutrition may have a positive effect on outcomes after elective surgery.

Methods

Short-term outcomes before and after implementation of preoperative immunonutrition were retrospectively assessed. Regression models adjusted for outcome predictors were used to compare the length of stay (LOS) in the hospital, local infections, and general complications.

Results

Four hundred eleven patients were included (control group = 209 and the intervention group = 202). With immunonutrition, hospital LOS was significantly lower (median 6 vs 8 days; adjusted mean difference of −5.65 days; P < .001) and local infections were significantly reduced (7.4% vs 15.3%; adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.30; P = .006). Subgroup analysis showed more pronounced effects in patients with previous radiotherapy and extensive surgery.

Conclusion

Patients receiving preoperative immunonutrition had a shorter hospital LOS and a lower rate for wound infections and local complications. These effects remained robust after a multivariate adjustment.

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A profile of Propionibacterium acnes resistance and sensitivity at a tertiary dermatological centre in Singapore

Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) is a key component in the pathogenesis of acne. Both topical and oral antibiotics are key therapeutic options. Unfortunately, antibiotic resistance is rapidly increasing globally. Many countries have reported greater than 50% of P.acnes strains acquiring resistance to topical macrolides^1-3. In Singapore, antibiotic resistance rates of 8% in 1999⁴ rising to 14.9%⁵ in 2007 were reported. We aimed to update the local prevalence of antibiotic resistance and identify features which may distinguish patients demonstrating antibiotic resistance from those who are pan-sensitive.

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Pulsed-dye laser therapy for carcinoma in situ of the penis

Carcinoma in situ (CIS) of the penis is a precancerous condition with a 5 to 10% risk for progression into an invasive penile squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)¹. Clinical variants of genital CIS encompass bowenoid papulosis, erythroplasia of Queyrat and Bowen's disease. Treatment options of penile CIS include topical application of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) or imiquimod, photodynamic therapy (PDT), ablative laser therapy, cryotherapy and surgery² .

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Omalizumab updosing allows disease activity control in refractory patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria

Omalizumab has been shown to be a very effective drug in chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) improving patients' quality of life.¹ Phase III clinical trials ASTERIA I/II and GLACIAL showed respectively 58.8-52.4% of patients achieving a twice daily average Urticaria Activity Score 7 (UAS7td)≤6 at week 12.² Outside of clinical trials, the response varies between 77-83%.³ However, some patients do not achieve well-controlled activity of the disease with the licensed dose of omalizumab (300mg/4 weeks).

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Dermoscopic features of pilar leiomyomas

Cutaneous pilar leiomyomas are benign smooth muscle neoplasms that usually present as painful firm erythematous to brown coloured papules and nodules.¹ Dermoscopy has been used as an auxiliary tool in the diagnosis of various cutaneous tumors. Herein we report the various dermoscopic features of 48 cutaneous pilar leiomyomas in five patients.

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