Comment on “Efficacy of photodynamic therapy as adjunct treatment of chronic periodontitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis”

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Biopsy Examination Validity Based on Narrow Band Imaging Guidance of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Suspected Patients

Abstract

The diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is established based on histopathological examination results of tumor tissue in nasopharynx and narrow band imaging (NBI) which is an imaging technique that utilizes specific displacement and light absorption characteristics of a specific wavelength. It has not known yet the validity of nasopharyngeal biopsy examination results based on NBI guidance and blind biopsy as a golden standard in establishing nasopharyngeal carcinoma diagnosis. Analyzing the validity of the nasopharyngeal biopsy examination results through NBI guidance and blind biopsy as a golden standard in nasopharyngeal carcinoma diagnosis. NPC patients performed biopsy using NBI then performed blind biopsy and the results of both examinations were analyzed. Histopathologic examination results of blind biopsy were 23 samples with NPC positive (52.3%) and 21 samples with NPC negative (47.7%). On histopathology examination using NBI guidance 34 samples (77.3%) were positive malignant cells and 10 samples (22.7%) were negative malignant cells. It was calculated and obtained the following results; sensitivity = 95.7%, specificity = 42.9%, positive predictive value = 64.7%, negative predictive value = 90.0%, and accuracy = 70%. Furthermore, statistical analysis using McNemar comparative test and Kappa association test were performed. In McNemar comparative test obtained p value = 0.003 and in Kappa association test obtained p value = 0.002. Histopathologic biopsy examination results using NBI guidance were only valid in stage IV NPC compared to blind biopsy.

https://ift.tt/2KVUzy4

Enhancing the effects of chemotherapy by combined macrophage-mediated photothermal therapy (PTT) and photochemical internalization (PCI)

Abstract

Light-based treatment modalities such as photothermal therapy (PTT) or photochemical internalization (PCI) have been well documented both experimentally and clinically to enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy. The main purpose of this study was to examine the cytotoxic effects of silica–gold nanoshell (AuNS)-loaded macrophage-mediated (Ma^NS) PTT and bleomycin BLM-PCI on monolayers of squamous cell carcinoma cells. The two modalities were applied separately and in simultaneous combination. Two different wavelengths of light were employed simultaneously, one to activate a highly efficient PCI photosensitizer, AlPcS₂a (670 nm) and the other for the Ma^NS-mediated PTT (810 nm), to evaluate the combined effects of these modalities. The results clearly demonstrated that macrophages could ingest sufficient numbers of silica–gold nanoshells for efficient near infrared (NIR) activated PTT. A significant synergistic effect of simultaneously applied combined PTT and PCI, compared to each modality applied separately, was achieved. Light-driven therapies have the advantage of site specificity, non-invasive and non-toxic application, require inexpensive equipment and can be given as repetitive treatment protocols.

https://ift.tt/2IP9X2o

Biopsy Examination Validity Based on Narrow Band Imaging Guidance of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Suspected Patients

Abstract

The diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is established based on histopathological examination results of tumor tissue in nasopharynx and narrow band imaging (NBI) which is an imaging technique that utilizes specific displacement and light absorption characteristics of a specific wavelength. It has not known yet the validity of nasopharyngeal biopsy examination results based on NBI guidance and blind biopsy as a golden standard in establishing nasopharyngeal carcinoma diagnosis. Analyzing the validity of the nasopharyngeal biopsy examination results through NBI guidance and blind biopsy as a golden standard in nasopharyngeal carcinoma diagnosis. NPC patients performed biopsy using NBI then performed blind biopsy and the results of both examinations were analyzed. Histopathologic examination results of blind biopsy were 23 samples with NPC positive (52.3%) and 21 samples with NPC negative (47.7%). On histopathology examination using NBI guidance 34 samples (77.3%) were positive malignant cells and 10 samples (22.7%) were negative malignant cells. It was calculated and obtained the following results; sensitivity = 95.7%, specificity = 42.9%, positive predictive value = 64.7%, negative predictive value = 90.0%, and accuracy = 70%. Furthermore, statistical analysis using McNemar comparative test and Kappa association test were performed. In McNemar comparative test obtained p value = 0.003 and in Kappa association test obtained p value = 0.002. Histopathologic biopsy examination results using NBI guidance were only valid in stage IV NPC compared to blind biopsy.

https://ift.tt/2KVUzy4

Current status of sublingual immunotherapy for allergic rhinitis in Japan

Publication date: Available online 25 May 2018
Source:Allergology International
Author(s): Keisuke Masuyama, Tomokazu Matsuoka, Atsushi Kamijo
Japanese cedar pollen (JCP) and house dust mite (HDM) are two major allergens that cause allergic rhinitis (AR) in Japan and the prevalence of AR is increasing. Pharmacothearpy is a commonly used treatment, but the level of patient satisfaction is very low. Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is the only therapeutic modality that provides not only symptom relief but also quality of life improvement that leads to a high rate of satisfaction. In particular, sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) is a safe and effective treatment for AR. Here we introduce a large-scale double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of SLIT in Japanese patients using JCP droplets or HDM tablets conducted in Japan. The immediate future of SLIT in Japan is also discussed.



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Prospective assessment of diagnostic tests for pediatric penicillin allergy, from clinical history to challenge tests✰,✰✰,✰✰✰

Diagnostic guidelines for penicillin allergy in children recommend cumbersome protocols based partially on data from adults, which may be suboptimal for pediatric use.

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Platelet rich plasma for the treatment of lichen planopilaris

https://ift.tt/2IMmDY6