Deep sequencing salivary proteins for periodontitis using proteomics

Abstract

Objectives

Saliva is a bodily fluid transuded from gingival crevice fluid and blood and contains many proteins. Proteins in saliva have been studied as markers for periodontal diseases. Mass spectrometric analysis is applied to investigate biomarker proteins that are related to periodontitis.

Material and methods

Saliva samples were collected from 207 participants including 36 pairs matched for age, sex, and smoking who joined Yangpyeong health cohort. Periodontitis was defined by 2005 5th European guideline. Shotgun proteomics was applied to detect proteins from saliva samples. Principal component analysis and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis for canonical pathway and protein pathway were applied. Protein-protein interaction was also applied. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to verify the candidate protein markers among another matched participants (n = 80).

Results

Shotgun proteomics indicated that salivary S100A8 and S100A9 were candidate biomarkers for periodontitis. ELISA confirmed that both salivary S100A8 and S100A9 were higher in those with periodontitis compared to those without periodontitis (paired-t test, p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Our proteomics data showed that S100A8 and S100A9 in saliva could be candidate biomarkers for periodontitis. The rapid-test-kit using salivary S100A8 and S100A9 will be a practical tool for reducing the risk of periodontitis and promotion of periodontal health.

Clinical relevance

A rapid-test-kit using salivary biomarkers, S100A8 and S100A9, could be utilized by clinicians and individuals for screening periodontitis, which might reduce the morbidity of periodontitis and promote periodontal health.

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Initiation of methotrexate with or without a test dose: a retrospective toxicity study

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Guselkumab in the Treatment of Hidradenitis Suppurativa: A Retrospective Chart Review

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Flush technique to minimize adverse reactions from syringe lubricant (silicone oil)

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British Association of Dermatologists guidelines for the management of hidradenitis suppurativa (acne inversa) 2018

Abstract

The overall objective of the guideline is to provide up‐to‐date, evidence‐based recommendations for the management of hidradenitis suppurativa (HS). The document aims to:.

offer an appraisal of all relevant literature up to July 2018, focusing on any key developments.

address important, practical clinical questions relating to the primary guideline objective.

provide guideline recommendations and if appropriate research recommendations.

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Effect of radiotherapy on the chemical composition of root dentin

Abstract

Background

The radiotherapy can directly affect the bond strength of the adhesive materials, interfering in the prognosis of restorative treatments, which may be caused by chemical changes in dentin structure.

Methods

Twenty inferior homologues premolars were distributed in 2 groups (in vitro study) (n = 10): nonirradiated and irradiated. The specimens were submitted to the analysis of phosphate (ν₁PO₄³⁻;ν₂PO₄³⁻;ν₄PO₄³⁻), carbonate (ν₃CO₃²⁻), amide I, CH₂, amide III, and amide I/III ratio by confocal Raman spectroscopy. Data were submitted to statistical analysis (T test, P < .05).

Results

In intracanal dentin, the irradiated group had lower ν₄PO₄³⁻ values (1.23 ± 0.06) compared to nonirradiated group (1.40 ± 0.18) (P < .05), with no difference for ν₁PO₄³⁻ and ν₂PO₄³ peaks (P > .05). The irradiated (1.56 ± 0.06) had lower carbonate, amide III (1.05 ± 0.19), and amide I/III ratio values (0.19 ± 0.06) compared to nonirradiated group (1.42 ± 0.10, 1.28 ± 0.24, and 0.31 ± 0.10, respectively) (P < .05). For medium dentin irradiated group (1.30 ± 0.12) had lower phosphate values compared to nonirradiated group (1.48 ± 0.22) (P < .05). In cementum, there was no statistical difference between the groups.

Conclusion

The radiotherapy was able to cause changes in ν₄PO₄³⁻, carbonate, and amide III peaks of root dentin.

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Salivary gland tumors: Molecular characterization and therapeutic advances for metastatic disease

Abstract

Salivary gland cancers represent a rare group of tumors composed by over 20 histological subtypes. Initially treated as one single disease, its diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment are currently being stratified based on morphology. More recently, insight has been provided on the molecular characterization of each subtype, further improving diagnostic accuracy and paving the way for personalized therapy. In this article, we provide a comprehensive review of recent breakthroughs, preliminary results of novel therapy, and future directions on the treatment of these complex malignancies.

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