Palliative head and neck radiotherapy with the RTOG 8502 regimen for incurable primary or metastatic cancers
Benjamin H. Lok, Ginger Jiang, Stanley Gutiontov, Ryan M. Lanning, Sudeepta Sridhara, Eric J. Sherman, Chiaojung Jillian Tsai, Sean M. McBride, Nadeem Riaz, Nancy Y. Lee, 2015-08-16 20:13:28 PM
Over 40,000 cases of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas are diagnosed each year in the United States [1]. Even after continued advances in therapy, up to 15–50% of patients will develop recurrent disease [2–8]. In addition, a significant portion will present with metastatic disease or with locoregionally advanced disease not amenable to definitive therapy.Assessing the relationship between oral chronic graft-versus-host disease and global measures of quality of life
Joseph DePalo, Xiaoyu Chai, Stephanie J. Lee, Corey S. Cutler, Nathaniel Treister, 2015-08-16 20:13:28 PM
Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is a frequent complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT) and a leading cause of long-term morbidity and non-relapse mortality [1]. Approximately 30–70% of alloHSCT recipients develop some degree of cGVHD, which can manifest in various anatomic locations including the skin, mouth, eyes, and lungs, contributing to varying degrees of morbidity and chronic disability [2–4]. The oral cavity is one of the most frequently affected sites, with manifestations characterized by lichenoid mucosal inflammation with associated pain and sensitivity, difficulty eating, dry mouth and related complications [5–8].Epstein-Barr virus infection is strictly associated with the metastatic spread of sinonasal squamous-cell carcinomas
Johannes Doescher, Guido Piontek, Markus Wirth, Marcus Bettstetter, Juergen Schlegel, Bernhard Haller, Gero Brockhoff, Rudolf Reiter, Anja Pickhard, 2015-08-16 20:13:28 PM
Sinonasal tumors represent 0.5% of all malignancies and 3% of head and neck carcinomas [1,2]. 40–50% of sinonasal cancers are squamous-cell carcinomas. Little is known regarding the clinical management of sinonasal squamous-cell carcinomas (SNSCC) because of their relatively low prevalence. A limitation of many studies of sinonasal carcinomas is that all entities are typically included and the recommendations for neck dissection are inconsistent [3,4]. The indications for neck dissection of squamous-cell carcinomas of the head and neck or the oral cavity, larynx and pharynx (HNSCC) are markedly more reliable because of the high prevalence of these tumors.Comparative study of sentinel lymph node biopsy in clinically N0 oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma: Long-term oncologic outcomes between validation and application phases
Man Ki Chung, Gil Joon Lee, Nayeon Choi, Jae-Keun Cho, Han-Sin Jeong, Chung-Hwan Baek, 2015-08-16 20:13:28 PM
Neck node metastasis of head and neck cancer is the most important prognostic factor, which could affect the rates of survival and recurrence [1–9]. Therefore, accurate diagnosis of metastatic neck lymph nodes is essential for treatment planning and prognosis assessment. To date, various imaging modalities including ultrasonography (US), computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and, most recently, positron emission tomography (PET)-CT have failed to show sufficient accuracy to detect occult metastasis [10–13].Narrow band imaging in the intra-operative definition of resection margins in oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancer
Giancarlo Tirelli, Marco Piovesana, Annalisa Gatto, Margherita Tofanelli, Matteo Biasotto, Francesca Boscolo Nata, 2015-08-16 20:13:28 PM
The main goal of oncologic surgery remains the excision of the tumour, with macroscopically adequate surgical margins [1]. The current surgical standard in the oral cavity and pharynx implies a resection with a macroscopic margin of 1cm [2–4], 1.5cm [5] or 2cm [6–8] in the three dimensions, both superficially and deeply, assuming that the tumour is as wide on the surface as in depth. Obtaining uninvolved margins at final histological examination is therefore currently the gold standard for surgeons, because the presence of dysplasia or carcinoma following resection of carcinoma of the head and neck, has been shown to be associated with a higher incidence of local recurrence events [9].The epidemiology of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in The Netherlands during the era of HPV-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Is there really evidence for a change?
H.S. van Monsjou, M. Schaapveld, M.W.M. van den Brekel, A.J.M. Balm, 2015-08-16 20:13:28 PM
Several studies in the United States and in European countries have shown increasing incidence of oropharyngeal cancer (OPSCC), which was most pronounced in young adults [1–4]. These studies suggested that this increasing incidence of OPSCC was caused by an increase of tumors caused by Human Papilloma virus (HPV). In contrast, two recent studies, based on United States SEER data, showed an overall decrease in the incidence of head and neck cancer until 2001 [5,6].Effect of taxanes-based induction chemotherapy in locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A large scale propensity-matched study
Lu-Ning Zhang, Yuan-Hong Gao, Xiao-Wen Lan, Jie Tang, Pu-Yun OuYang, Fang-Yun Xie, 2015-08-16 20:13:28 PM
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a distinct head and neck carcinoma relatively rare in Europe and the United States [1] but highly endemic in Southern China [2] and Hong Kong [3]. Radiotherapy is the cornerstone of initial treatment. In recent years, several randomized controlled trials [4–9] and meta-analysis [10] have confirmed concurrent chemoradiotherapy as the standard treatment for locoregionally advanced NPC (LA-NPC). Unfortunately, concurrent chemoradiotherapy is not adequate for certain high-risk patient groups, especially patients with bulky and/or extensive nodal disease who have higher potential for metastasis [11].A systematic review of quality of life in head and neck cancer treated with surgery with or without adjuvant treatment
Shrinivas Rathod, Jonathan Livergant, Jonathan Klein, Ian Witterick, Jolie Ringash, 2015-08-16 20:13:28 PM
Patients with head and neck cancers (HNC) present unique challenges due to the close proximity of many critical structures that may be damaged by tumor or treatment. Management decisions must be based on the likelihood of cure as well as the resulting structural, cosmetic, and functional deficits, which can negatively impact quality of life (QoL) [1,2].The management of oral epithelial dysplasia: The Liverpool algorithm
E.A. Field, C.E. McCarthy, M.W. Ho, B.P. Rajlawat, D. Holt, S.N. Rogers, A. Triantafyllou, J.K. Field, R.J. Shaw, 2015-08-16 20:13:28 PM
The major challenge facing the clinician, following a histopathological diagnosis of Oral Epithelial Dysplasia (OED), is to decide on the optimal management strategy for the individual patient. Two pivotal questions, for which there are currently no clear-cut answers are; what is the likelihood of an oral lesion with OED undergoing malignant transformation to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and what intervention(s) can mitigate against this risk? A supplemental question relates to the follow-up of the patient – what is an appropriate surveillance programme and how best can this be delivered?Dental demineralization and caries in patients with head and neck cancer
Jie Deng, Leanne Jackson, Joel B. Epstein, Cesar A. Migliorati, Barbara A. Murphy, 2015-08-16 20:13:28 PM
Treatment paradigms for head and neck cancer (HNC) have shifted dramatically over the past two decades. Increased use of chemoradiation for patients with locally advanced HNC has improved local disease control and overall survival [1]. Unfortunately, chemoradiation is associated with increased acute and late effects that result in substantial symptom burden and decrements in quality of life (QOL) [2–5]. A second major paradigm shift results from the epidemic of human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated HNCs [6,7].Moesin regulates the motility of oral cancer cells via MT1-MMP and E-cadherin/p120-catenin adhesion complex
Yao-yin Li, Chuan-Xiang Zhou, Yan Gao, 2015-08-16 20:13:28 PM
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) occupies approximately 90% of the head and neck cancers, the five-year survival rate of which ranges from 45% to 53% [1]. Regardless of therapeutic approach, location or stage of the disease, more than 50% of patients experience a relapse [1]. Despite marked advances of management and diagnosis of OSCC, the overall survival rate has shown only a modest increase in recent years. Therefore, the development of molecular markers for diagnosis, therapy and prognosis for OSCC is essential.Corrigendum to "Significance of nuclear p-mTOR expression in advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma with extracapsular extension of lymph node metastases" [Oral Oncol. 51(5) (2015) 493–499]
Tseng-Cheng Chen, Chen-Tu Wu, Cheng-Ping Wang, Tsung-Lin Yang, Pei-Jen Lou, Jenq-Yuh Ko, Yih-Leong Chang, 2015-08-16 20:13:28 PM
The authors regret that Fig. 3 was incorrectly in their paper.Correlation of p16 expression and HPV type with survival in oropharyngeal squamous cell cancer
Sandy Z. Liu, Dan P. Zandberg, Lisa M. Schumaker, John C. Papadimitriou, Kevin J. Cullen, 2015-08-16 20:13:28 PM
Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC) accounts for 3% of all new cancer (53,000) diagnoses in the US annually [1]. Epidemiological data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER) show that while overall incidence of HNSCC has decreased in conjunction with a decrease in smoking and drinking, oropharyngeal squamous cell cancers (OPSCC) have increased both in the United States and other developed nations internationally [2,3]. Human papillomavirus is now recognized as an important etiologic factor in OPSCC and the increase in incidence and prevalence of OPSCC is being driven by an increase in HPV associated oropharyngeal cancer over time.Integrative genomic analysis of ghost cell odontogenic carcinoma
Pinaki Bose, Erin D. Pleasance, Martin Jones, Yaoqing Shen, Carolyn Ch'ng, Caralyn Reisle, Jacqueline E. Schein, Andrew J. Mungall, Richard Moore, Yussanne Ma, Brandon S. Sheffield, Thomas Thomson, Steven Rasmussen, Tony Ng, Stephen Yip, Christopher W. Lee, Cheryl Ho, Janessa Laskin, Marco A. Marra, Steven J. Jones, 2015-08-16 20:13:28 PM
Ghost cell odontogenic carcinoma (GCOC) is an extremely rare malignant neoplasm found exclusively within the maxillofacial skeleton. GCOC is characterized by the presence of epithelial "ghost cells" that are recognized as swollen, pale, anucleate, eosinophilic cells on hematoxylin & eosin (H&E)-stained sections [1]. GCOCs may originate de novo [2] or may arise from the progression of two benign odontogenic neoplasms with ghost cells: calcifying cystic odontogenic tumor (CCOT) or dentinogenic ghost cell tumors (DGOT) [3].Dermoscopy imaging findings in the normal Oral Mucosa
Toshihiro Okamoto, Ryo Sasaki, Toshiyuki Kataoka, Akira Kumasaka, Nobuyuki Kaibuchi, Takuya Naganawa, Kenji Fukada, Tomohiro Ando, 2015-08-16 20:13:28 PM
Dermoscopes are loupes for examining pigmented skin lesions noninvasively, and they are useful in dermatology for making an early differential diagnosis between melanoma and melanocytic nevi. They are also very useful in making the differential diagnosis between basal cell carcinoma, seborrheic keratosis, vascular lesions, etc.Diagnostic capability of salivary biomarkers in the assessment of head and neck cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Eliete Neves Silva Guerra, Ana Carolina Acevedo, André Ferreira Leite, David Gozal, Hélène Chardin, Graziela De Luca Canto, 2015-08-16 20:13:28 PM
Cancer of the head and neck is a relatively uncommon human cancer. The term ''head and neck cancer" covers a large number of neoplasms with a diverse natural history arising in one anatomic region. Head and neck cancer includes tumors of the mucosa of the upper aerodigestive tract including the oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, and sinuses [1]. Among all subtypes, carcinoma of the mouth and pharynx together rank as the sixth most common neoplasm. The tongue is the most common head and neck cancer site among European and US populations, contributing to 40–50% of oral squamous cell cancers (OSCC).Lessons from a standardized program using PET–CT to avoid neck dissection after primary radiotherapy for N2 squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx
Kathryn E. Hitchcock, Robert J. Amdur, William M. Mendenhall, John W. Werning, Walter E. Drane, Anthony A. Mancuso, 2015-08-16 20:13:28 PM
In an effort to improve the accuracy of imaging to determine the need for neck dissection, multiple groups have published encouraging results with post-treatment 18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET), usually with CT (PET–CT) [1–4]. The existing literature does an excellent job at defining the basic issues, but most studies are limited by the heterogeneity of the study population and duration of follow-up. Specifically, most studies include patients with N1 neck disease, report a wide range of times between RT and PET–CT, include patients with short follow-up after neck imaging, and/or group patients with various primary sites [1–4].Weekly cetuximab concurrent with IMRT aggravated radiation-induced oral mucositis in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Results of a randomized phase II study
T. Xu, Y. Liu, S. Dou, F. Li, X. Guan, G. Zhu, 2015-08-16 20:13:28 PM
Locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LA NPC) continues to be a source of morbidity and mortality worldwide [1] despite the improved radiotherapy techniques. The cisplatin-based concurrent chemoradiotherapy regimen was identified as the standard treatment, whereas in meta-analyses induction chemotherapy had shown to enhance treatment efficacy as a result of reduced distant metastases [2–5].The history of sentinel node biopsy in head and neck cancer: From visualization of lymphatic vessels to sentinel nodes
Remco de Bree, Omgo E. Nieweg, 2015-08-16 20:13:28 PM
The sentinel node (SN) procedure is a diagnostic staging procedure that is applied in a variety of tumor types. The procedure aims to determine the tumor status of the SN(s). An SN is defined as a lymph node on a direct drainage pathway from the primary tumor [1]. The concept is based on the premise that lymph flow from the primary tumor travels sequentially to the SN and then on to the other regional lymph nodes. So, the SN is the node most likely to harbor metastases. The histopathologic status of this node should reflect the histopathologic status of the entire nodal basin, and additional treatment of the nodal basin (e.g., surgery) is routinely performed in case of metastatic involvement of the SN.BH3-mimetic small molecule inhibits the growth and recurrence of adenoid cystic carcinoma
Gerson A. Acasigua, Kristy A. Warner, Felipe Nör, Joseph Helman, Alexander T. Pearson, Anna C. Fossati, Shaomeng Wang, Jacques E. Nör, 2015-08-16 20:13:28 PM
The treatment options for salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) are primarily limited to surgery and radiation therapy, since these tumors are largely unresponsive to chemotherapy. Salivary gland cancer represents 10–15% of all head and neck tumors [1]. Adenoid cystic carcinomas are, together with mucoepidermoid carcinomas, the two most common malignant salivary tumors. The clinical features of adenoid cystic carcinomas include invasive local growth, frequent local recurrence, metastasis, and predisposition for perineural and perimuscular invasion [2,3].Human Papillomavirus-related tumours of the oropharynx display a lower tumour hypoxia signature
Elodie Hanns, Sylvie Job, Pierre Coliat, Christine Wasylyk, Ludivine Ramolu, Erwan Pencreach, Meggy Suarez-Carmona, Michael Herfs, Sonia Ledrappier, Christine Macabre, Joseph Abecassis, Bohdan Wasylyk, Alain C. Jung, 2015-08-16 20:13:28 PM
Human Papillomavirus (HPV)-related tumours of the oropharynx are a distinct clinical subgroup of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) with clinical, pathological and molecular features that are different from their HPV-negative counterpart [1–3]. Patients with HPV-related OSCC also have a prolonged disease-free survival and overall survival (for a comprehensive review, see [1] and references therein). These tumours are therefore thought to be more sensitive to both chemo- and radiation- therapies [4–7].Socioeconomic characteristics of patients with oropharyngeal carcinoma according to tumor HPV status, patient smoking status, and sexual behavior
Kristina R. Dahlstrom, Diana Bell, Duncan Hanby, Guojun Li, Li-E. Wang, Qingyi Wei, Michelle D. Williams, Erich M. Sturgis, 2015-08-16 20:13:28 PM
Two epidemiologically and clinically distinct forms of oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) exist: one strongly associated with smoking and alcohol use and the other strongly associated with prior human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. While the incidence of HPV-negative OPC declined by 50% between 1988 and 2004, the incidence of HPV-positive OPC increased by 225% during the same period [1]. These incidence trends correspond to changes in smoking and sexual behaviors that have occurred over the last five decades [2].Human papillomavirus DNA and p16 expression in hypopharyngeal cancer and in relation to clinical outcome, in Stockholm, Sweden
Tina Dalianis, Nathalie Grün, Jana Koch, Andrea Vlastos, Nikolaos Tertipis, Cecilia Nordfors, Anders Näsman, Malin Wendt, Mircea Romanitan, Cinzia Bersani, Eva Munck-Wikland, Torbjörn Ramqvist, 2015-08-16 20:13:28 PM
Head neck cancer is among the most common cancer types worldwide, affecting an estimated 690,000 individuals in 2012, with around 380,000 dying from their disease [1]. Hypopharyngeal cancer accounts for approximately 5% of all head neck cancers, and is a subset of head neck cancer with a particularly poor prognosis with only 15–30% of the patients surviving for more than 5years [2,3]. Traditional risk factors for head neck cancers, including hypopharyngeal cancer, are smoking and alcohol [4]. In addition, human papillomavirus (HPV) has emerged as an important contributor for some of these cancers, especially in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), and more specifically in tonsillar, and base of tongue carcinoma (TSCC and BOTSCC) [5–9].Response to: "No evidence for improved TORS post-treatment feeding tube dependency rate relative to standard therapy in early stage oropharyngeal cancer"
Stephanie Johnson-Obaseki, Kate Kelly, Martin Corsten, 2015-08-16 20:13:28 PM
Thank you for bringing to our attention the commentary provided by the Princess Margaret Hospital group on our systematic review "Oncologic, functional and surgical outcomes of primary transoral robotic surgery for early squamous cell cancer of the oropharynx: a systematic review" [1]. We appreciate their thoughts regarding our review, particularly as they pertain to gastrostomy tube (G-tube) rates following primary radiotherapy for early stage oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC).No evidence for improved TORS post-treatment feeding tube dependency rate relative to standard therapy in early stage oropharyngeal cancer
Jolie Ringash, Shao Hui Huang, John Waldron, Brian O'Sullivan, 2015-08-16 20:13:28 PM
We read with interest the systematic review published in August, 2014 by Kelly et al. [1]. We congratulate these authors for taking on the difficult task of reviewing the surgical literature on the outcomes of primary transoral robotic surgery (TORS) for early squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx (OPSCC): challenging data to combine, given that the available studies are small and heterogeneous.Merkel cell carcinoma – Beast with two Backs
Anjali P. Ganjre, Neeta Bagul, Gargi Sarode, 2015-08-16 20:13:28 PM
Merkel cell carcinoma of cutaneous and mucosal origin shows many differences like in origin, etiology, anatomical site, prognosis etc. This communication focuses briefly on the differences between mucosal MCC and cutaneous MCC.Editorial Board/Aims & Scope
2015-08-16 20:13:28 PM
Κυριακή 16 Αυγούστου 2015
Oral Oncology
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