Publication date: Available online 1 March 2017
Source:Annales de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie
Author(s): S. Elloudi, S. Gallouj, M. Meziane, F.-Z. Mernissi, M. Rimani
IntroductionL'alopécie frontale fibrosante (AFF) est une variante de lichen plan pilaire touchant volontiers la femme ménopausée. Nous rapportons une série de vingt observations d'AFF et en décrivons les caractéristiques épidémiologiques, cliniques, dermatoscopiques et évolutives sous traitement.Patients et méthodesIl s'agit d'une étude prospective qui a inclus, sur une durée de 16 mois, tous les malades atteints d'AFF ayant consulté au service de dermatologie du CHU Hassan II de Fès.RésultatsTous les patients étaient de sexe féminin ; leur âge moyen était de 46 ans et 65 % d'entre elles n'étaient pas ménopausées. L'examen dermatoscopique objectivait des signes spécifiques de la maladie. La biopsie cutanée, orientée par la dermatoscopie, confirmait dans tous les cas le diagnostic de lichen plan pilaire dans sa variante AFF. Des affections dysimmunitaires et autres étaient notées chez la moitié des patientes. Des traitements variés étaient instaurés : dermocorticoïdes, tacrolimus en pommade, minoxidil topique à 2 %, hydroxychloroquine, finastéride oral…ConclusionL'AFF est de plus en plus décrite chez des femmes avant la ménopause. La dermatoscopie facilite le diagnostic, oriente la biopsie, évalue l'efficacité du traitement et estime le pronostic.BackgroundFrontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) is a variant of lichen planopilaris predominantly affecting postmenopausal women. We report a series of 20 cases of FFA and describe the epidemiological, clinical, dermoscopic features and progress under treatment.Patients and methodsThis was a prospective study conducted over a period of 16 months in patients seen at the dermatology department of the Hassan II University in Fez, Morocco.ResultsMean patient age was 46 years. Patients were premenopausal in 65% of cases. Dermoscopic examination revealed specific signs of the disease. Skin biopsy guided by dermoscopy confirmed the diagnosis of lichen planus pilaris in its FFA variant in all cases. Immune dysfunctions and other disorders were noted in half of the cases. Various treatments had been initiated, including topical corticosteroids, tacrolimus ointment, minoxidil 2%, hydroxychloroquine, and oral finasteride. The results were satisfactory with a decline within one year.ConclusionFFA is increasingly widely described in premenopausal women. Dermoscopy may be used to facilitate diagnosis, guide biopsy, evaluate treatment efficacy and establish a prognosis.
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