Acoustic rhinometry for evaluation of velopharyngeal function in preschool children post palatoplasty

Publication date: Available online 30 May 2017
Source:Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Author(s): Fan Li, Hongtao Wang, Yiyang Chen, Wenli Wu
PurposeTo assess the feasibility of the use of acoustic rhinometry for evaluation of velopharyngeal function in preschool children by detecting changes in nasal cavity volume and minimal cross-sectional area post palatoplasty.MethodsSixty-one preschool children with incomplete cleft palate, who underwent Sommerlad palatoplasty, were examined by acoustic rhinometry. Minimal cross-sectional area (MCSA), distance of the minimal cross-sectional area from the nostril (DMCA), nasal volume (NV), and nasopharyngeal volume (NPV) were measured. The subjects were grouped according to the velopharyngeal state and findings in the lateral cephalograph.ResultsMCSA, NV, and NPV showed a significant difference between the experimental and control groups. DMCA in experimental group (7.09 ± 1.33 mm) was not significantly different between the two sides. NV, NPV, and MCSA in the velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) subgroup were obviously greater than that in velopharyngeal competence (VPC) and marginal velopharyngeal insufficiency (MVPI) subgroups. NV in the VPC group showed no significant difference from that in controls. No significant difference on MCSA, DMCA, and NPV was observed between the three subgroups on radiographic evaluation. NV in the non-contact group was markedly higher than that in controls. The curve showed significant constriction in the anterior part, while it was elevated in the posterior part, especially at a distance of 7.09 cm.ConclusionAcoustic rhinometry is a rapid, noninvasive, and reproducible method that can be used in lieu of lateral cephalograph for quantitative evaluation of the NV and MCSA. It could be used to assess postoperative velopharyngeal function in children with good adaptability.



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