Abstract
Background
The introduction of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in dentistry enabled the integration of already existing clinical and laboratory investigations in the study the oral cavity. This systematic review, presents an overview of the literature, to evaluate the usefulness of in vivo OCT for diagnosing oral soft tissues lesions, to compare the OCT results with traditional histology, and to identify limitations in prior studies so as to improve OCT applications. Methods: We performed a review of the literature using different search engines (PubMed, ISI Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library) employing MeSH terms such as "optical coherence tomography" and "OCT" in conjunction with other terms. We utilised the Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes and Study design (PICOS) method to define our study eligibility criteria.
Results
Initial results were 3155. In conclusion, there were only 27 studies which met our selection criteria. We decided to allocate the 27 selected items into three groups: healthy mucosa; benign, premalignant, and malignant lesions; and oral manifestations of systemic therapies or pathological conditions.
Conclusions
Although the OCT is an easy to perform test and it offers an attractive diagnostic and monitoring prospect for soft tissues of the oral cavity, further studies are needed to complete the current knowledge of this imaging technique.
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