Publication date: Available online 23 June 2017
Source:Annales de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie
Author(s): Q. Bodard, N. Litrowski, D. Carre, M. Midhat, P. Chenal, P. Bravard
IntroductionLa survenue de cancers cutanés chez les patients greffés d'organe est fréquente du fait de l'immunosuppression induite. Dans la majorité des cas, il s'agit de carcinomes ou de lymphomes B viro-induits par l'EBV (Epstein Barr Virus). Les lymphomes cutanés T sont exceptionnels. Nous rapportons un cas de lymphome cutané T de type mycosis fongoïde chez un patient greffé cardiaque.ObservationUn homme de 68 ans, greffé cardiaque depuis 21 ans, traité par tacrolimus, mycophénolate mofétil et prednisolone, présentait depuis quatre ans une éruption psoriasiforme du tronc, des membres et de la tête résistant à la PUVAthérapie et aux dermocorticoïdes. La biopsie cutanée était en faveur d'un lymphome cutané T épidermotrope. Il n'y avait pas d'altération de l'état général ni d'adénopathie. L'étude en biologie moléculaire trouvait un réarrangement clonal du T-Cells Receptor (TCR) dans le sang et la peau. La recherche de cellules de Sézary circulantes était négative et le TEP-scanner (tomographie à émission de positons) ne mettait pas en évidence de localisation extracutanée. Les applications locales de méchloréthamine étaient peu efficaces. Le bexarotène, compliqué de dysthyroïdie et d'hypertryglycéridémie, n'était pas efficace. Le méthotrexate était contre-indiqué par une insuffisance rénale chronique (liée aux inhibiteurs de la calcineurine) et l'interféron proscrit dans ce contexte de greffe cardiaque. Le patient a finalement reçu de la gemcitabine, efficace initialement mais compliquée d'un choc septique entraînant le décès.ConclusionMême si cette association pourrait être fortuite, la survenue d'un lymphome cutané T de type mycosis fongoïde chez un patient greffé cardiaque doit être signalée. Le contexte de greffe avec immunodépression entraîne des difficultés particulières pour le traitement du mycosis fongoïde.BackgroundSkin cancer occurs frequently in organ transplant patients as a result of induced immunosuppression. Most cases involve carcinomas or B-cell lymphomas induced by the Epstein Barr virus (EBV). Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas remain rare. We report a case of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma of the mycosis fungoides type in a heart transplant recipient.Patients and methodsA 68-year-old man who had received a heart transplant 21years earlier and was being treated with tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil and prednisolone had been presenting a psoriasiform rash on his trunk, limbs and head for 4years. The rash was resistant to both PUVA therapy and topical corticosteroids. Histopathological examination suggested epidermotropic cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. There was no impairment of the patient's general state of health nor any adenopathy. Molecular biology revealed TCR rearrangement in both blood and skin. Screening for circulating Sézary cells was negative, and PET scan revealed no signs of extracutaneous localization. Mechlorethamine showed little efficacy, bexarotene was complicated by dysthyroidism, hypertriglyceridemia was ineffective, methotrexate was contraindicated because of calcineurin inhibitor-related chronic kidney failure, and interferon could not be given due to the context of heart transplantation. Finally, we treated our patient with gemcitabine, which initially proved effective but was later complicated by septic shock that resulted in the patient's death.ConclusionThe particularities of our observation are the onset of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma of the mycosis fungoides type in a heart transplant patient, and the therapeutic difficulties encountered in a setting of transplantation with immunodepression.
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Αλέξανδρος Γ. Σφακιανάκης
ΩτοΡινοΛαρυγγολόγος
Αναπαύσεως 5
Άγιος Νικόλαος Κρήτη 72100
2841026182
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Παρασκευή 23 Ιουνίου 2017
Mycosis fongoïde après transplantation cardiaque
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