Associations of oral fluid MMP-8 with periodontitis in Swiss adult subjects

Abstract

Objective

MMP-8 is a prominent collagenase in periodontal disease. This cross-sectional study examined whether MMP-8 levels in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) are associated with periodontitis in a Swiss population.

Subjects and methods

258 subjects (107 m, 151 f, mean age: 43.5 yr; range: 21-58 yr) acquired from the Swiss bone marrow donor registry participated in the study. Saliva and GCF samples were collected from subjects followed by a thorough dental and periodontal examination. MMP-8 levels were determined with immunofluorometric assay (IFMA). Associations of MMP-8 levels with periodontal diagnosis, probing pocket depth and bleeding on probing were statistically analysed with Pearson χ² test, Spearman's rhos and logistic regression analysis.

Results

MMP-8 in GCF correlated with MMP-8 in saliva (P<0.001). Periodontitis was more common (P<0.001) among subjects with high levels of MMP-8 in saliva and/or GCF compared with subjects with low levels of MMP-8. Higher MMP-8 levels in GCF and saliva were associated with any periodontal diagnosis (mild, moderate or severe), greater probing pocket depth, and bleeding on probing (P<0.05). When age, gender, smoking, body mass index, number of medications and DMFT were adjusted for, all observed associations remained statistically significant. The area under curve of ROC was 0.67 for saliva and 0.71 for GCF.

Conclusion

Elevated MMP-8 levels both in saliva and GCF are associated with periodontitis in a normal adult population.

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