Publication date: Available online 7 December 2017
Source:Annales de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie
Author(s): I. Naciri, M. Meziane, L. Benzekri, M. Ghaouti, K. Senouci, B. Hassam
IntroductionNous rapportons l'observation d'un pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) récidivant du post-partum, associé à une cardiomyopathie du post-partum (CMPP).ObservationUne femme de 23 ans signalait avoir eu un abcès du sein gauche lors de sa quatrième grossesse. Cette lésion avait évolué, après drainage chirurgical, vers une ulcération inflammatoire traitée par des soins locaux atraumatiques. Lors de sa cinquième grossesse, la patiente développait une ulcération large et douloureuse en regard d'une cicatrice de césarienne, malgré l'introduction d'une antibiothérapie à large spectre. Les prélèvements bactériologiques étaient négatifs. L'examen histologique était en faveur d'un PG. Une semaine après l'introduction d'une corticothérapie générale, elle présentait brutalement des signes d'insuffisance cardiaque. L'échocardiographie trans-thoracique permettait de retenir le diagnostic de CMPP, dont l'évolution était fatale.DiscussionCette observation soulève la question de la relation entre PG et grossesse, et décrit l'association d'un PG et d'une CMPP. La survenue du PG lors de la grossesse est rare ; elle pourrait être induite par l'élévation des taux de G-CSF constatée chez les femmes enceintes. L'association à une CMPP chez notre patiente pourrait être expliquée par le développement d'un climat anti-angiogénique en fin de grossesse, auquel s'ajouterait une agression myocardique inflammatoire neutrophilique en lien avec le PG.BackgroundWe report a case of recurrent post-partum pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) complicated by post-partum cardiomyopathy (PPCM).Patients and methodsA 23-year-old woman presented with a previous medical history of aseptic abscess of the left breast in her fourth pregnancy, which developed after surgical drainage of an inflammatory ulceration treated by atraumatic topical care. During her fifth pregnancy, the patient presented a large and painful ulceration in relation to the scar of the Caesarean section, despite the introduction of broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy. Bacteriological samples were negative. Histological examination militated in favor of PG. One week after initiation of corticosteroid therapy, the patient suddenly showed signs of heart failure. Based on trans-thoracic echocardiography PPCM was diagnosed, and the outcome was fatal.DiscussionThis observation raises the question of the relationship between PG and pregnancy and describes the association of PG and PPCM. PG occurs rarely during pregnancy and it may be induced by the rise in G-CSF levels found in pregnant women. The association with PPCM seen in our patient could have been due to the development of an anti-angiogenic climate at the end of pregnancy, together with inflammatory myocardial aggression linked to the PG.
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