High Expression of Prospero-Related Homeobox1(PROX1) is Associated With Poor Prognosis in Patients with Salivary Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma

Publication date: Available online 11 January 2018
Source:Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Author(s): Tao Gao, Chao Ma, Yun Li, Jun Ju, Xiangfeng Kang, Yuanlin Cai, Moyi Sun
PurposeProspero-related homeobox1 (PROX1) plays an important role in the invasion and metastasis of many human cancers. However, the expression pattern of PROX1 in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC) remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate PROX1 expression and its prognostic value in SACC.MethodsThe PROX1 expression was determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in SACC tissue specimens. The correlations between PROX1 expression and clinicopathological features were investigated. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the correlation between PROX1 expression and survival. Independent prognostic factors associated with overall survival (OS) was analyzed using the Cox regression analysis.ResultsThe IHC data revealed that the PROX1 positivity rate in SACC tissue specimens was significantly higher than that in normal salivary gland tissues (71.1% vs. 13.3%, P < 0.05) . The PROX1 expression was detected mainly in the nucleolus. In addition, PROX1 expression was correlated with perineural invasion, local regional recurrence, and distant metastasis of patients with SACC (P<0.05), and no significant association was found between PROX1 expression and other clinicopathological parameters. Our data indicated that patients with positive PROX1 expression had poor OS compared with those with negative PROX1 expression (P=0.0005). Multivariate analysis showed that PROX1 expression, local regional recurrence, and distant metastasis were independent prognostic factor for OS.ConclusionsThese findings demonstrated that PROX1 expression was significantly higher in SACC specimens. Positive expression of PROX1 might serve as a potential predictor of prognosis in SACC.



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