Publication date: Available online 16 April 2018
Source:Annales de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie
Author(s): D. Debois, J.-L. Dargent, P. Ngendahayo, P.-P. Roquet-Gravy
IntroductionNous rapportons un cas de dermatite lichénoïde annulaire du sujet jeune (DLAJ). Il s'agit d'une dermatose lichénoïde rare affectant principalement la population pédiatrique et présentant des caractéristiques histocliniques stéréotypées. C'est à notre connaissance le premier cas publié dans la littérature francophone.ObservationUne fille de 5 ans présentait une lésion abdominale isolée persistant depuis plus d'un an. Il s'agissait d'une lésion annulaire constituée d'une bordure érythémateuse légèrement surélevée et d'un centre hypopigmenté. L'utilisation de dermocorticoïdes et de pimécrolimus 1 % topique ne permettait qu'une amélioration clinique transitoire, la lésion récidivant systématiquement dès leur arrêt.DiscussionUne soixantaine de cas de dermatite lichénoïde annulaire du sujet jeune ont été décrits dans la littérature anglophone. Le diagnostic différentiel principal est le mycosis fongoïde de l'enfant, dans sa variante hypopigmentée. La biopsie est nécessaire au diagnostic et montre des signes histologiques caractéristiques. Il s'agit d'une réaction inflammatoire de type lichénoïde constituée de lymphocytes polyclonaux CD4+ et CD8+, en l'absence de lymphocytes atypiques ou d'épidermotropisme. La réaction inflammatoire prédomine au sommet des crêtes épidermiques et est associée à une nécrose des kératinocytes. De manière caractéristique, les crêtes épidermiques prennent ainsi une forme particulière, quadrangulaire.ConclusionLa DLAJ constitue une entité méconnue parmi les dermatoses lichénoïdes. La corrélation anatomoclinique est essentielle au diagnostic. L'étiologie n'est pas connue et l'évolution est chronique dans la majorité des cas.BackgroundAnnular lichenoid dermatitis of youth (ALDY) is a rare form of dermatitis mainly affecting children and young people. All cases reported show a consistent clinical and histological picture. This is the first case described in the French literature.Patients and methodsA 5-year-old girl presented an annular isolated patch of the lower abdomen with an erythematosquamous border and central hypopigmentation for one year. Topical corticosteroids and pimecrolimus proved effective but relapse occurred after treatment withdrawal.DiscussionOver sixty cases of ALDY are described in the English-language medical literature. The main differential diagnosis is childhood mycosis fungoides, particularly the hypopigmented variant. Biopsy is necessary for diagnosis since it can reveal typical histological features. Histopathology in all cases shows lichenoid reaction with CD4+ and CD8+ polyclonal lymphocytes. It is limited to the tips of rete ridges and associated with apoptosis of keratinocytes resulting in quadrangular-shaped rete ridges. Our case does not demonstrate either epidermotropism or atypical lymphocytes.ConclusionAnnular lichenoid dermatitis of youth (ALDY) is a poorly known distinctive entity within the lichenoid dermatitis family. Clinical-histological correlation is essential to diagnosis. The etiology is still unknown and the course is mostly chronic.
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Αλέξανδρος Γ. Σφακιανάκης
ΩτοΡινοΛαρυγγολόγος
Αναπαύσεως 5
Άγιος Νικόλαος Κρήτη 72100
2841026182
6032607174
Παρασκευή 20 Απριλίου 2018
Dermatite lichénoïde annulaire du sujet jeune : un cas et revue de la littérature
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