Anti-oxidant capacity and biomarkers of oxidative stress in saliva of khat chewing patients; a case-control study

Publication date: Available online 29 July 2018

Source: Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology

Author(s): Nafez Abu Tarboush, Osama Al Masoudi, Suzan Al Bdoor, Faleh Sawair, Yazan Hassona

Abstract

Objectives

To investigate the anti-oxidant levels and biomarkers of oxidative stress in saliva from khat-chewing patients compared to control.

Study design

Saliva samples were collected from 51 chronic khat chewers and 46 age and gender matched controls. Concentrations of oxidative stress biomarkers (malonyl-dialdehyde [MDA], protein carbonyl, and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine), and antioxidant defense (total antioxidant capacity[TAC], superoxide dismutase[SOD, glutathione peroxidase[GPx], and catalase[CAT) were analyzed.

Results

Salivary MDA level in the khat users group (45 ± 9.2 nmol/ml) was significantly increased compared to control (13 ± 2.1 nmol/ml) (p<0.001), but there were no significant differences between the two groups with regard to the levels of salivary protein carbonyl and oxidized guanine species. Salivary TAC was significantly reduced in khat users (0.25 ± 0.028 mmol/L) compared to control (0.34 ± 0.037 mmol/L). Salivary CAT level was significantly reduced in khat users (6.0 ± 0.47 U/ml) compared to control (7.7 ± 0.43 U/ml) (p<0.05), but no significant differences were observed between the two groups with regard to salivary SOD or GPx levels.

Conclusion

Chronic khat chewing is associated with increased salivary MDA, and reduced TAC and CAT levels among a population of adult males compared to non-khat chewing controls. These findings suggest that the pro-oxidative effect of khat chewing might be a contributing mechanism for various oral diseases associated with khat use including cancer, periodontitis, and caries.

https://ift.tt/2uWcfEi