Biological profile and jaw distribution of ameloblastoma among 1,246 Nigerians

Publication date: Available online 24 July 2018

Source: Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology

Author(s): Agbaje Jimoh. Olubanwo, Adisa Akinyele. Olumuyiwa, Petrova Mariya Ivanova, Olusanya Adeola. Adenike, Osayomi Tolulope, Effiom Olajumoke. Ajibola, Soyele Olujide. Oladele, Omitola Olufemi. Gbenga, Olawuyi Adetokunbo. Babajide, Okiti Robinson. Obos, Saiki Thelma. Eziafa, Fomete Benjamin, Ibikunle Adebayo. Aremu, Okwuosa Chuckwubuzor, Olajide Mofoluwaso. Abimbola, Ladeji Adeola. Mofoluwake, Adebiyi Kehinde. Emmanuel, Emmanuel Mubarak. Mobola, Lawal Hammed. Sikiru, Uwadia Emeke

Abstract

Objectives

Ameloblastoma is a benign, slow-growing, locally invasive epithelial tumor of odontogenic origin with unlimited growth capacity and a strong tendency to recur. This multicentric study analyzed ameloblastoma diagnosed in Nigeria among different ethnic groups.

Materials and methods

This retrospective study included ameloblastoma cases diagnosed from 1964 to 2017 at 10 hospitals/medical centers in Nigeria. Age, gender, tribe, and location of the ameloblastoma in the jaw were analyzed. Associations between variables were tested using chi-squared and Fisher exact test.

Results

A total of 1,246 ameloblastoma cases were recorded (mean patient age 32.51±14.54 years, range 4-86 years; male to female ratio 1.2:1). Approximately 60% of ameloblastoma cases occurred in young adults (18-40 years old). Ninety-eight lesions were located in the maxilla and 1103 in the mandible; the posterior mandible was the most common site (31.3% on the right and 26.5% on the left, respectively), followed by the anterior (26.0%) mandible. No significant differences were noted in the distribution of ameloblastoma within the tribes with respect to age (p = 0.92) and gender (p = 0.71).

Conclusion

The mandible is a common site of ameloblastoma in Nigeria, and most cases occur in young adults. Early presentation, diagnosis, and treatment are important to reduce post-operative disfigurement and morbidity.

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