Common polymorphism in the glycine N-methyltransferase gene as a novel risk factor for cleft lip with or without cleft palate

The objective of this study was to identify new environmental and genetic risk factors for orofacial clefts that arise during early foetal development. In this retrospective, case–control, mother–child pair study, 172 orofacial clefts cases and 199 healthy controls, and their respective mothers, were genotyped for common variants in relevant genes obtained by text and database mining using STRING 10.0. Exposure to environmental risk factors was evaluated using questionnaires. Variant glycine N-methyltransferase (odds ratio (OR) 2.1, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.0–4.4) and dihydrofolate reductase (OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.3–4.5) genotypes were identified as risk factors for cleft lip with or without cleft palate formation.

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