Feeding difficulties in Craniofacial Microsomia: a multicenter retrospective analysis of 755 patients

Craniofacial microsomia (CFM) is a malformation affecting both first and second branchial arch derivatives, and is estimated to occur in one of every 3500 to 5000 live births. Although the exact etiopathogenesis of CFM is still unknown, the consequences have been well described and include asymmetric underdevelopment of the mandible, maxilla, ears, temporomandibular joint (TMJ), muscles of mastication, and facial nerves. Mandibular hypoplasia is the most common feature of CFM and occurs in 89 to 100 per cent of patients with CFM (Grabb, 1965; Converse et al., 1973; Poswillo, 1988).

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