Biocompatibility Studies of Nanoengineered Polycaprolactone and Nanohydroxyapatite Scaffold for Craniomaxillofacial Bone Regeneration

Currently there is an increased demand for synthetic bone substitute materials (SBSMs) due to avoidance of donor-site surgery and morbidity. Attempts are done to create SBSM mimicking the bone microarchitecture for enhanced healing. In this study, the authors nanoengineered polycaprolactone (PCL) and nanohydroxyapatite (nHAp) composite scaffold by electrospinning. The nHAp is synthesized via hydrothermal process followed by microwave irradiation. In vitro biocompatibility evaluation with MG63 osteoblastic cell line showed enhanced cell proliferation in the PCL-nHAp scaffold than plain PCL by MTT assay and fluorescence microscopy. Increased osteogenesis in the PCL-nHAp scaffold was shown by the increased calcium load, alkaline phosphatase activity, and expression of osteogenic biomarkers namely osteocalcin, osteonectin, and osteopontin. In vivo studies conducted in rabbit femur bone defects showed increased bone regeneration in PCL-nHAp implanted defects. The results show that PCL-nHAp electrospun scaffold is biomimetic and highly osteogenic and thus a potential SBSM for critical size craniomaxillofacial bone defect applications. Address correspondence and reprint requests to Pandurangan Harikrishnan, MDS, FDSRCS (Eng), FCrfOrth (Taiwan), Teeth "N" Jaws Center, 23 & 25, 1st Cross Street, Lake Area, Nungambakkam, Chennai 600034, Tamil Nadu, India; E-mail: teethnjaws@rediffmail.com Received 2 January, 2018 Accepted 20 June, 2018 The authors report no conflicts of interest. © 2018 by Mutaz B. Habal, MD.

https://ift.tt/2S29z1Q