Effect of continuous positive airway pressure on endothelin-1 in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: a meta-analysis

Abstract

Purpose

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is related to endothelin-1 (ET-1). Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is an effective therapy for OSA. However, the effectiveness of CPAP on ET-1 levels in patients with OSA yielded contradictory results. We conducted a meta-analysis to assess the effect of CPAP on ET-1 levels in OSA.

Methods

The Embase, and Cochrane Library and PubMed were searched before March, 2018. The overall effects were measured by the standardized mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Ten studies were included and the meta-analysis was conducted using Stata 14.0.

Results

10 studies involving 375 patients were included in the meta-analysis. The result showed that there was a significant reduction in ET-1 levels in OSA patients before and after CPAP therapy (SMD = − 0.74, 95% CI = − 1.30 to − 0.17, z = 2.56, p = 0.01). Further, subgroup analysis demonstrated that Apnea–Hypopnea Index (AHI), CPAP therapy duration, and sample size also affected CPAP therapy.

Conclusions

Our meta-analysis indicated that CPAP treatment among OSA patients was significantly was related to a decrease in ET-1 levels. Further prospective long-term studies with a larger number of patients are needed to evaluate and clarify this issue.

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