Treatment of chemically-induced oral ulcer using adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell sheet

Abstract

Background

This study investigated the effects of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) sheet transplantation on healing of chemically-induced oral ulceration in a rabbit animal model.

Methods

Oral mucosal ulcers were induced by topical application of filter paper soaked with 70% acetic acid to the anterior gingiva and buccal mucosa of 12 New Zealand white rabbits. The animals were randomly assigned to 2 groups: with (treatment group, n=6) or without (control group, n=6) cell sheets applied to ulcers. Gross findings were sequentially evaluated, and histologic examination was performed on day 7.

Results

Based on gross inspection, ulceration resolved before day 5 in the treatment group; however, in the control group, healing was incomplete on day 7. In the treatment group, the total area of the ulcer decreased significantly from day 2 to day 5 (p<0.001) and from day 5 to day 7 (p=0.020), whereas the area decreased significantly from day 5 to day 7 in the control group (p<0.001). Histologic and immunofluorescence examination revealed, full-thickness mucosa healing and complete basal cell coverage in the treatment group; in contrast, only partial healing was observed on day 7 in the control group.

Conclusions

Cell sheet technology using MSC can be an alternative treatment for oral ulcerations in that it can decrease healing time without invasive properties.

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