Analysis of facial symmetry after zygomatic bone fracture management

Publication date: Available online 14 October 2017
Source:Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Author(s): Mohamad Saleh Khaqani, Fateme Tavosi, Mahdi Gholami, Hamid Reza Eftekharian, Leila Khojastepour
PurposeThe location of the zygomatic bone plays a significant role in facial symmetry and aesthetics. The aim of this study was to determine and compare the frequency of facial asymmetry in a sample of patients who had undergone treatment of unilateral ZMC fractures (study) and a sample of normal subjects (control).Patients and MethodsThis is a retrospective controlled cross-sectional study. The primary predictor variable was the type of ZMC fracture (linear or comminuted). The primary outcome variable was facial asymmetry characterized by the bilateral difference in the position of malar eminences (ME) in three dimensions based on a CT scan. The other variables for this study were classified into demographic (age and gender) and anatomic (side of ZMC fracture). Descriptive and bi-variate statistics were computed. Statistical significance was set at P < .05 with 95% reliability.ResultsThe samples in this study consisted of 134 subjects (n =67 per each group). The mean bilateral difference of ME position in the study subjects was significantly higher than that of the control subjects. More than half of the study subjects had facial symmetry, and just about 10 percent of them had marked asymmetry, while none of the control subjects had marked asymmetry. All the subjects with marked asymmetry and about 70 percent of the study subjects who were above the maximum normal asymmetry (MNA) had a comminuted fracture.ConclusionsThe results of this study show that although the frequency of facial asymmetry in the ZMC fracture patients was higher than the normal subjects, it was found in all individuals to a certain extent. The patients' awareness about this fact can reduce their dissatisfaction.



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