Healing of root and surrounding periodontium after root damage with miniscrew implants: a histomorphologic study in dogs

Abstract

Objectives

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the detailed healing process of the roots and surrounding periodontium [cementum, periodontal ligament (PDL), and bone] at different time points after intentional root damage with miniscrew implants (MSIs).

Materials and methods

After cone-beam computed tomography examination and measurement, a total of 78 premolar and molar roots from five beagle dogs were intentionally damaged by implanting miniscrews in the interradicular region. MSIs were immediately removed, and the histological morphology was observed at days 0 and 3 and at weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, and 12 after root injury using haematoxylin and eosin and fluorescence stainings (fluorescence staining was performed at days 28 and 56).

Results

An early new attachment of PDL adhering on to the damaged root surface was found at week 2 after root injury. Tissue differentiation of newly formed bone tissue, PDL, and cementum began at week 3. Moreover, the newly formed cementum and bone were constantly forming and mineralising at weeks 4, 6, 8, and 12, and the width of PDL gradually narrowed until close to the normal width at week 12.

Conclusions

This study demonstrated the complete healing process of the roots and surrounding periodontium after root damage with MSIs in dogs when the damage was limited to the cementum or dentin.

Clinical relevance

The findings of this study may help provide a better understanding of the detailed healing process in roots and PDLs damaged by MSIs.

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