Histological and Histomorphometric response to SocketKAPTM and SocketKAGETM used for Ridge Preservation and Repair: results from a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Publication date: Available online 12 April 2018
Source:Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Author(s): Neema Bakhshalian, Alaa Abdelhamid, Yoon Jeong Park, Homayoun H. Zadeh
PurposeThis study sought to investigate the histological tissue response to SocketKAP and SocketKAGE, as novel devices, designed for ridge preservation.MethodsThis randomized controlled clinical trial recruited participants among patients who presented to a university dental clinic. The study protocol entailed randomization into five intervention groups following tooth extraction: A) Unassisted healing of intact sockets, B) SocketKAP, C) Anorganic bovine bone minerals (ABBM)+SocketKAP, D) Unassisted healing of sockets with dehiscence, and E) SocketKAGE+ABBM+SocketKAP. The primary outcome variable was bone volume fraction (BV/TV). Secondary outcome variables were the percentages of residual graft material (RG) and void volume (VV). One-way analysis of variance was run on BV/TV, RG, and VV, based on the independent variable (the treatment groups).ResultsBone core samples were harvested from subjects (N=22), who presented for implant installation, at 6-months post-extraction. Sockets without biomaterial filler, Groups A and B, showed more mature bone, compared to grafted sockets. In groups where sockets were filled with biomaterial (groups C and E), vital bone was observed in direct apposition to the graft particles. In group E, remnants of SocketKAGE were not readily discernable at 6 months. No substantial inflammatory infiltrate or other adverse histologic patterns were detected. Quantitative analysis showed a statistically significant difference in BV/TV between groups A and C (p=0.028), as well as between groups A and E (p=0.019).ConclusionsHistological and histomorphometric results showed that the application of SocketKAP and SocketKAGE did not interfere with wound healing of extraction sockets. In agreement with previous reports, the percentage of BV/TV within sites with ABBM was lower than sites without biomaterial. The favorable histologic response to SocketKAP and SocketKAGE observed in the present study, provided additional insights to our previous studies demonstrating the benefits of these devices in reducing post-extraction dimensional alterations of alveolar bone and tissue contour.



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