Evaluation of the genotoxic potential of different delivery methods of at-home bleaching gels: a single-blind, randomized clinical trial

Abstract

Objective

This single-blind, parallel, randomized clinical trial evaluated the genotoxic potential and effectiveness of 10% hydrogen peroxide (HP) in patients submitted to at-home bleaching.

Materials and methods

Sixty young volunteers with maxillary incisors equal to or darker than M1.5 were included in the study. Patients were submitted to bleaching for 14 days (30 min/day) with one of the three 10% HP treatments: the bleaching agent was delivered in a bleaching tray (White Class, FGM), whitening strips (White Strips, Oral-b), or in prefilled disposable trays (Opalescence Go, Ultradent). The color change was evaluated with the Vita Bleachedguide, and the micronucleus test of exfoliative oral mucosa was carried out, starting from a count of 1000 cells, at the baseline, immediately after and 30 days after the end of the treatment. The micronucleus data were evaluated with the Kruskal-Wallis and Wilcoxon tests and color change with the two-way ANOVA test and the Tukey test (α = 0.05).

Results

Significant whitening was observed for all groups after 14 days (p = 0.001) and was maintained after 30 days, with no difference between groups (p = 0.42). The micronucleus count did not indicate genotoxic potential in any of the groups studied (p = 0.32), irrespective of the time intervals (p = 0.62).

Conclusion

No genotoxic effects of 10% HP were observed in patients submitted to at-home bleaching systems (30 min/day for 14 days), even 30 days after the end of treatment.

Clinical significance

It is safe to use different systems to deliver 10% HP during at-home bleaching according to the manufacturers' recommendations, with no risk of genotoxic effects applied.

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