Dental caries status in human immunodeficiency virus-positive and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients

Amit Malhotra, Jyoti Ahlawat, Mithra N Hegde, Ananya Mahajan

Indian Journal of Oral Sciences 2016 7(2):103-106

Purpose: There is a major population suffering from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in the world yet not many studies documenting dental caries disease status in HIV +ve and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients are published. The present research was aimed to assess dental caries in HIV infected population, through measurement of decayed, missing, and filled (DMF) index. Materials and Methods: The study is a randomized and cross-sectional in nature. A total of One hundred HIV +ve patients were analyzed. They were distributed into two test groups: Group I (test) - 50 patients evidently HIV +ve with CD4 count >200 and Group II (test) - 50 patients evidently HIV +ve with CD4 count more than 200, respectively, whereas Group III (control) included 50 HIV −ve patients. Information was collected and analyzed regarding age, gender, skin color, habits, general and oral diseases, highly active antiretroviral therapy. Results: The mean DMF teeth score for Group I, Group II, and Control Group were found to be 17.64, 17.30, and 11.462, respectively. The results were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey HSD, the difference in caries status was found to be very highly significant between both Group I and control, Group II and control; but was not significant in between the test groups, Group I and Group II. Conclusion: An increase in dental caries was observed in HIV + ve individuals as compared to normal population but it did not increase markedly with a decrease in CD4 count.

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