Genotoxic and cytotoxic effects following dental and panoramic radiography

N Mohan, PT Ravikumar, C Madhumitha

Indian Journal of Oral Sciences 2016 7(2):92-98

Aim: To evaluate the effects of diagnostic radiation on the epithelial cells of oral mucosa. Objective: To evaluate and compare the possible cellular changes seen in oral epithelium after panoramic and periapical radiography. Materials and Methods: The patients who are advised for panoramic radiography and intraoral periapical radiography (IOPAR) were included in the study with 20 subjects in each group. Smear from the buccal mucosa was taken immediately before and 10 days after the radiation exposure. The cellular changes were studied under the compound microscope. Results: The mean value of micronuclei, condensed chromatin, karyorrhectic cells, pyknotic cells, karyolytic cells, and cells with nuclear bud was found to be increased after IOPAR and panoramic radiographic exposure. Conclusion: The genotoxic effect induced by periapical radiography exposure is more when compared to panoramic radiograph exposure. The cytotoxic effects caused by panoramic radiography on oral epithelial cells are more compared to that of IOPAR.

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